8. WHATISBIODIVERSITY?
❖ Variety and Diversity
of life forms (number
of kinds) in an area
❖ Biodiversity increases the stability of an ecosystem
and contributes to the health of the biosphere
australianmuseum.net.au
9. BIODIVERSITYonEXTINCTION ISSUES
❖Biodiversity is the FOCUS
of conservation
❖Extinction
❖a process that happens
when an entire species
permanently disappears
from the biosphere due to
the death of the species’
last member
www.phibetaiota.net
10. HIGH BIODIVERSITY=HEALTHY ECOSYSTEM
❖Measurement of how healthy
ecosystems are
❖HEALTHY ECOSYSTEM
support HIGH biological
diversity
❖STRESSED ECOSYSTEM
may not have the
CAPACITY to support high
biological diversity
www.motherearthnews.com
11. BIODIVERSITYLEVELS
❖ ECOLOGICAL/ECOSYSTEM
❖ different habitats, niches,
species interactions
❖ SPECIES
❖ different kinds of organisms,
relationships among species
❖ GENETIC
❖ different genes & combinations
of genes within populations
12. ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY
❖ collection of all the plants and animals within a
particular area, each differing in species composition,
physical structure and function
❖ the variety of ecosystems that are present in the
biosphere
❖ made up of interacting populations and the abiotic
factors that support them
❖ example: BIOMES
www.sciencerecorder.com
14. SPECIES DIVERSITY
❖ measure of the number of species which
occur within a particular taxonomic level in
a given geographic area
❖ the number of different species and the
relative abundance of each species in a
biological community
blogs.thehindu.com
16. GENETIC DIVERSITY
❖ The variety of genes or inheritable characteristics that
are present in a population comprises its genetic
diversity
❖ Degree of variation in all the genes for all individuals
within a species
❖ As basis for evolution: Genetic diversity within an
interbreeding population increases the chances of
survival during changing environmental conditions or
during the outbreak of disease
❖ Example: BANANAS and RICE varieties
www.ethicurean.com
37. PHILIPPINES:oneofthe17MEGADIVERSEcountries
❖ RAREST WILDLIFE: has more than 52,177 described
species, half of which are endemic
❖ more than 1,130 terrestrial wildlife species recorded
for the Philippines (49 percent or half are endemic);
157 are threatened (128 are threatened endemic)
life-sea.blogspot.com
39. PHILIPPINES:oneofthe17MEGADIVERSEcountries
❖ AMPHIBIAN & REPTILE DIVERSITY: estimated
total of 359 species of amphibians (101 species, 246 are
endemic, highest % endemism for all vertebrates) and
reptiles (258 species)
gdeichmann.photoshelter.com
Photo by: Arvin Diesmos.
42. NEWDISCOVERIES
❖ Several new species have been discovered in small
islands such as Sibuyan (five new species) and
Camiguin (two new species), catapulting these islands
to a new status as centers of mammal endemism
❖ Sibuyan Island (463 km2
), which hosts four species of
endemic non-flying mammals (plus one bat), a total
exceeding that of any country in Europe
