Biodiversity
Diversity of Life on Earth
What is Biodiversity?
• Biodiversity refers to the variety of living
organisms on Earth, including plants, animals,
and microorganisms.
• It includes diversity within species, between
species, and of ecosystems.
Types of Biodiversity
• 1. Genetic Diversity – variation within species
• 2. Species Diversity – variety of species
• 3. Ecosystem Diversity – variety of ecosystems
Importance of Biodiversity
• • Maintains ecological balance
• • Provides food, medicine, and raw materials
• • Supports cultural and recreational values
Biodiversity in India
• India is one of the 17 mega-biodiverse
countries.
• It has diverse ecosystems such as forests,
wetlands, deserts, and marine ecosystems.
Threats to Biodiversity
• • Deforestation
• • Climate change
• • Pollution
• • Overexploitation of resources
• • Invasive species
Conservation of Biodiversity
• • Protected areas (National Parks, Wildlife
Sanctuaries)
• • Conservation laws
• • Sustainable development
• • Community participation
Biodiversity Hotspots
• Regions with high species richness and high
levels of endemism.
• Examples in India: Western Ghats, Himalayas
Role of Individuals
• • Reduce waste and pollution
• • Save water and energy
• • Protect wildlife
• • Support conservation initiatives
Conclusion
• Biodiversity is essential for the survival of life
on Earth.
• Protecting biodiversity ensures a healthy
planet for future generations.

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  • 1.
  • 2.
    What is Biodiversity? •Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. • It includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.
  • 3.
    Types of Biodiversity •1. Genetic Diversity – variation within species • 2. Species Diversity – variety of species • 3. Ecosystem Diversity – variety of ecosystems
  • 4.
    Importance of Biodiversity •• Maintains ecological balance • • Provides food, medicine, and raw materials • • Supports cultural and recreational values
  • 5.
    Biodiversity in India •India is one of the 17 mega-biodiverse countries. • It has diverse ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, deserts, and marine ecosystems.
  • 6.
    Threats to Biodiversity •• Deforestation • • Climate change • • Pollution • • Overexploitation of resources • • Invasive species
  • 7.
    Conservation of Biodiversity •• Protected areas (National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries) • • Conservation laws • • Sustainable development • • Community participation
  • 8.
    Biodiversity Hotspots • Regionswith high species richness and high levels of endemism. • Examples in India: Western Ghats, Himalayas
  • 9.
    Role of Individuals •• Reduce waste and pollution • • Save water and energy • • Protect wildlife • • Support conservation initiatives
  • 10.
    Conclusion • Biodiversity isessential for the survival of life on Earth. • Protecting biodiversity ensures a healthy planet for future generations.