BIOCHEMList and briefly describe the six types of the 6 basic rec.pdf
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BIOCHEM: List and briefly describe the six types of the 6 basic receptor types (own words not book words). Solution Internal receptors; theses are placed as intracellular or cytoplasmic receptors, situated in the cytoplasm of the cell and respond to hydrophobic ligand molecules which are able to travel across the plasma membrane. Cell-Surface Receptors: they are also known as transmembrane receptors, and actually are cell surface, membrane-anchored, or integral proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. Ion channel-linked receptors are such type whicb are able bind a ligand and open a channel through the membrane which allows specific ions to pass through. G-protein-linked receptors are those which are able to bind a ligand and activate a membrane protein called a G-protein which then interacts with either an ion channel or an enzyme in the membrane. Enzyme-linked receptors are those which are on cell-surface receptors with intracellular domains that are associated with an enzyme..
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Types of receptors 
Types of Receptors
Receptors are protein molecules in the target cell or on its surface that bind ligands. There are two types of receptors: internal receptors and cell-surface receptors.
receptors
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Receptor as drug targets
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CELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTION
CELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTION
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Plasma Membrane (Structure and Functions)
Plasma Membrane is a selectively permeable bio membrane that performs variety of functions for the survival of a living system !
Receptor
A receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell and when such chemical signals bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue response
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Types of receptors
Types of Receptors
Receptors are protein molecules in the target cell or on its surface that bind ligands. There are two types of receptors: internal receptors and cell-surface receptors.
receptors
biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems
Receptor as drug targets
topic contain receptor, structure and function of receptor their chemical messenger, binding site, messenger sites and other detail of it.
CELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTION
CELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTION
CELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG RECEPTOR INTERACTIONCELL MEMBRANE , RECEPTOR , DRUG
Plasma Membrane (Structure and Functions)
Plasma Membrane is a selectively permeable bio membrane that performs variety of functions for the survival of a living system !
Receptor
A receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell and when such chemical signals bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue response
Receptors seminar.pptx
A receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell and when such chemical signals bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue response.
Receptor is a macromolecule whose function is to recognize and respond to chemical signal
There are 3 types of receptors. Those are:
i. Internal /Intracellular/Cytoplasmic receptors:
found in the cytoplasm of the cell
respond to hydrophobic ligand molecules
ii. Cell-surface / transmembrane receptors/ cell specific proteins
performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal.
iii. Nuclear receptor
Located in the nucleus of the cell
i. Internal /Intracellular/Cytoplasmic receptors
Steriod receptor
ii. Cell-surface / transmembrane receptors/ cell specific proteins
G-protein- coupled receptor
Enzyme- linked receptor/ tyrosin kinase receptor
Ion channel- linked receptor/ ligand gated receptor
iii. Nuclear receptor
Thyroid receptor
Receptors and receptors classification
Definition
Classification and description of each class.
Description of individual receptor.
Forces affecting the drug receptor binding.
Binding of drug receptor affect drug action.
Agonist and antagonist.
Disease due to malfunctioning of receptors.
New drug design based on structure of receptors
Receptor as target for drug discovery.
Drug action not mediated by receptor.
Cell Membrane Structure-1.pptx cell outer layer
Hello there it's a chance for u to learn through this... I hope it will be helpful for you..
Chemical Signalling.pptx
Receptors and their Signaling Mechanisms, Types of Receptors, Second Messenger Cascade, Signal Transduction Mechanisms
Theories of drug interaction
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Pharmacology Unit - 2.pptx
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Receptor
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Signal transduction by Professor Dr Ghazala Irshad .pptx
**Signal transduction** is the process by which a **chemical or physical signal** is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Let's break it down:
1. **Stimuli**: The basis for signal transduction is the transformation of a certain stimulus into a biochemical signal. These stimuli can vary widely, ranging from **extracellular cues** (such as the presence of growth factors like EGF) to **intracellular events** (such as DNA damage resulting from replicative telomere attrition) ¹.
2. **Receptors**: Proteins known as **receptors** play a crucial role in signal transduction. They wait for chemical, physical, or electrical signals. When a ligand (such as a hormone or neurotransmitter) binds to a receptor, it triggers a cascade of biochemical events ¹.
3. **Signaling Pathways**: The changes elicited by ligand binding in a receptor give rise to a **biochemical cascade**, which is a chain of biochemical events known as a **signaling pathway**. These pathways involve protein phosphorylation catalyzed by **protein kinases**, ultimately resulting in a cellular response ¹.
4. **Cellular Responses**: At the molecular level, these responses include changes in **gene transcription**, **protein translation**, and post-translational modifications. Signal transduction controls essential processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism ¹.
5. **Networks and Amplification**: Signaling pathways interact with one another, forming **networks** that coordinate cellular responses. Depending on the efficiency of the nodes, a signal can be **amplified**, generating a response involving hundreds to millions of molecules ¹.
In summary, signal transduction ensures effective communication within cells, allowing them to respond appropriately to external and internal cues. If you have any specific questions or need further details, feel free to ask! 😊 ¹²³
Source: Conversation with Copilot, 5/31/2024
(1) Signal transduction - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction.
(2) Signal Transduction: Definition, Pathways, Examples - Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/signal-transduction/.
(3) Signal Transduction | Cell Biology | Tocris Bioscience. https://www.tocris.com/cell-biology/signal-transduction.
(4) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/two-side-by-side-protein-molecules-intended-to-be-seen-news-photo/615304652.
Introduction to cell signalling
The presentation gives a brief introduction to the process of cell signalling.
Cell Communication, Cell Junction and Cell Signaling.pptx
-Cellular Communication
-There are three stages of cell: communication
a.Reception
b.Transduction
c. Response
-Receptors And Ligands
There are two basic types of receptors:
a.Internal receptors
b.Cell surface receptors
-Internal receptors-often steroid hormones
-There are several different types of ligands
a.Hydrophobic ligands
b. Water soluble hydrophilic ligands
-Three stages of cell communication
-How insulin works
Cell Junction
-There are three types of cell junctions:
1.Adhesive (Anchoring) junctions
2.Tight Junctions
3.Gap Junactions
-The two main kinds of adhesive cell-cell junctions are:
a.Adherens junctions
b.Desmosomes
a. Adherens junctions:
Adherens junction is the cell to cell junction, which connects the actin filaments. In adherens junction, the membranes of the adjacent cells are held together by some transmembrane proteins called cadherins.
b. Desmosome
Desmosome is a cell to cell junction, where the intermediate filaments connect two adjacent cells. Desmosome is also called macula adherens. Desmosomes function like tight junctions. The trans-membrane proteins involved in desmosome are mainly cadherins.
2. Tight Junctions
The cell membranes are connected by strands of trans-membrane proteins such as claudins and occludins.
Tight junctions bind cells together, prevent molecules from passing in between the cells, and also help to maintain the polarity of cells.
-Functions of Tight Junctions:
Another function of tight junctions is simply to hold cells together.
3. Gap Junction
Gap junctions are a type of cell junction in which adjacent cells are connected through protein channels. Gap junctions are made up of connexin proteins. Groups of six connexins form a connexon, and two connexons are put together to form a channel that molecules can pass through. Other channels in gap junctions are made up of pannexin proteins.
-Functions of Gap Junction
The main function of gap junctions is to connect cells together so that molecules may pass from one cell to other.
This allows for cell-to-cell communication.
-Cell Signaling
Cell signaling is the process of cellular communication within the body. The binding of extracellular signaling molecules to their receptors
-Modes of cell-cell signaling
1.Direct cell-cell signaling
2. Signaling by secreted molecule
a.Endocrine signaling:
-E. g. hormones produced by endocrine glands including pituitary, pancreas, adrenal, parathyroid glands etc.
b.Paracrine signaling:
-E.g. action of neurotransmitters in carrying signals between nerve cells at a synapse.
c.Autocrine signaling:
-When interleukin-1 is produced in response to external stimuli, it can bind to cell-surface receptors on the same cell that produced it.
d.Synaptic signaling:
-Types of signaling molecules
a.Nitric oxide
b.Carbon monoxide
c.Neurotransmitter
d.Peptide hormone
-Intracellular signaling pathway activated by an extracellular signal molecule
Receptor
A molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific effect in the cell.
Develop an encryption and decryption algorithm Your program should a.pdf
Develop an encryption and decryption algorithm Your program should accept an input file to be
compressed and encrypted and the saved files should be both the compressed and encrypted files.
Your program should also be able to recover the encrypted and decrypted files create the
Huffman codes to compress a set of files and recover the files. Alert the user the compression
ratio. This will be simulated if the file is stored as a *.txt file The compressed file must be
encrypted prior to saving the file. Add the following methods to your compression: Huffman
LZW Write an explanation as to how the methods work in your code -Add the follow methods
to both your encryption and decryption methods: Simple Encryption Public-Key Cryptosystem
RSA Cryptosystem Implement the ability to save the files as Binary I/O (0 and 1)
Solution
import javax.swing.*;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Random ;
class AES {
byte[] skey = new byte[1000];
String skeyString;
static byte[] raw;
String inputMessage,encryptedData,decryptedMessage;
public AES() {
try {
generateSymmetricKey();
inputMessage=JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,\"Enter message to encrypt\");
byte[] ibyte = inputMessage.getBytes();
byte[] ebyte=encrypt(raw, ibyte);
String encryptedData = new String(ebyte);
System.out.println(\"Encrypted message \"+encryptedData);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,\"Encrypted Data \"+\"\ \"+encryptedData);
byte[] dbyte= decrypt(raw,ebyte);
String decryptedMessage = new String(dbyte);
System.out.println(\"Decrypted message \"+decryptedMessage);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,\"Decrypted Data \"+\"\ \"+decryptedMessage);
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
void generateSymmetricKey() {
try {
Random r = new Random();
int num = r.nextInt(10000);
String knum = String.valueOf(num);
byte[] knumb = knum.getBytes();
skey=getRawKey(knumb);
skeyString = new String(skey);
System.out.println(\"AES Symmetric key = \"+skeyString);
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception {
KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(\"AES\");
SecureRandom sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(\"SHA1PRNG\");
sr.setSeed(seed);
kgen.init(128, sr); // 192 and 256 bits may not be available
SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey();
raw = skey.getEncoded();
return raw;
}
private static byte[] encrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] clear) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, \"AES\");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(\"AES\");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear);
return encrypted;
}
private static byte[] decrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, \"AES\");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(\"AES\");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
byte[] decrypt.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive mutant allele (cf). Two norm.pdf
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive mutant allele (cf). Two normal parents produce a child
with cystic fibrosis. What are the genotypes of the parents? a. CF/cf and CFICF b. CF/cf and
cf/cf c. Both are CF/cf d. CF/CF and cf/cf What is the probability of this family having four
children, 1 with cystic fibrosis, and 3 without cystic fibrosis? a. 0.14 b. 0.25 c. 0.047 d. 0.42
Solution
19. Answer is option C. Both are CF/cf
It is caused by the presence of mutations in both copies of the gene for the cystic fibrosis
transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Those with a single working copy are
carriers and otherwise mostly normal.
20.answer is option B. 0.25
Out of the 4 children, 0.25 will be healthy, 0.50 will be carriers and 0.25 will have disease..
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A receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell and when such chemical signals bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue response.
Receptor is a macromolecule whose function is to recognize and respond to chemical signal
There are 3 types of receptors. Those are:
i. Internal /Intracellular/Cytoplasmic receptors:
found in the cytoplasm of the cell
respond to hydrophobic ligand molecules
ii. Cell-surface / transmembrane receptors/ cell specific proteins
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Definition
Classification and description of each class.
Description of individual receptor.
Forces affecting the drug receptor binding.
Binding of drug receptor affect drug action.
Agonist and antagonist.
Disease due to malfunctioning of receptors.
New drug design based on structure of receptors
Receptor as target for drug discovery.
Drug action not mediated by receptor.
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Hello there it's a chance for u to learn through this... I hope it will be helpful for you..
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**Signal transduction** is the process by which a **chemical or physical signal** is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Let's break it down:
1. **Stimuli**: The basis for signal transduction is the transformation of a certain stimulus into a biochemical signal. These stimuli can vary widely, ranging from **extracellular cues** (such as the presence of growth factors like EGF) to **intracellular events** (such as DNA damage resulting from replicative telomere attrition) ¹.
2. **Receptors**: Proteins known as **receptors** play a crucial role in signal transduction. They wait for chemical, physical, or electrical signals. When a ligand (such as a hormone or neurotransmitter) binds to a receptor, it triggers a cascade of biochemical events ¹.
3. **Signaling Pathways**: The changes elicited by ligand binding in a receptor give rise to a **biochemical cascade**, which is a chain of biochemical events known as a **signaling pathway**. These pathways involve protein phosphorylation catalyzed by **protein kinases**, ultimately resulting in a cellular response ¹.
4. **Cellular Responses**: At the molecular level, these responses include changes in **gene transcription**, **protein translation**, and post-translational modifications. Signal transduction controls essential processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism ¹.
5. **Networks and Amplification**: Signaling pathways interact with one another, forming **networks** that coordinate cellular responses. Depending on the efficiency of the nodes, a signal can be **amplified**, generating a response involving hundreds to millions of molecules ¹.
In summary, signal transduction ensures effective communication within cells, allowing them to respond appropriately to external and internal cues. If you have any specific questions or need further details, feel free to ask! 😊 ¹²³
Source: Conversation with Copilot, 5/31/2024
(1) Signal transduction - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction.
(2) Signal Transduction: Definition, Pathways, Examples - Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/signal-transduction/.
(3) Signal Transduction | Cell Biology | Tocris Bioscience. https://www.tocris.com/cell-biology/signal-transduction.
(4) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/two-side-by-side-protein-molecules-intended-to-be-seen-news-photo/615304652.
Introduction to cell signalling
The presentation gives a brief introduction to the process of cell signalling.
Cell Communication, Cell Junction and Cell Signaling.pptx
-Cellular Communication
-There are three stages of cell: communication
a.Reception
b.Transduction
c. Response
-Receptors And Ligands
There are two basic types of receptors:
a.Internal receptors
b.Cell surface receptors
-Internal receptors-often steroid hormones
-There are several different types of ligands
a.Hydrophobic ligands
b. Water soluble hydrophilic ligands
-Three stages of cell communication
-How insulin works
Cell Junction
-There are three types of cell junctions:
1.Adhesive (Anchoring) junctions
2.Tight Junctions
3.Gap Junactions
-The two main kinds of adhesive cell-cell junctions are:
a.Adherens junctions
b.Desmosomes
a. Adherens junctions:
Adherens junction is the cell to cell junction, which connects the actin filaments. In adherens junction, the membranes of the adjacent cells are held together by some transmembrane proteins called cadherins.
b. Desmosome
Desmosome is a cell to cell junction, where the intermediate filaments connect two adjacent cells. Desmosome is also called macula adherens. Desmosomes function like tight junctions. The trans-membrane proteins involved in desmosome are mainly cadherins.
2. Tight Junctions
The cell membranes are connected by strands of trans-membrane proteins such as claudins and occludins.
Tight junctions bind cells together, prevent molecules from passing in between the cells, and also help to maintain the polarity of cells.
-Functions of Tight Junctions:
Another function of tight junctions is simply to hold cells together.
3. Gap Junction
Gap junctions are a type of cell junction in which adjacent cells are connected through protein channels. Gap junctions are made up of connexin proteins. Groups of six connexins form a connexon, and two connexons are put together to form a channel that molecules can pass through. Other channels in gap junctions are made up of pannexin proteins.
-Functions of Gap Junction
The main function of gap junctions is to connect cells together so that molecules may pass from one cell to other.
This allows for cell-to-cell communication.
-Cell Signaling
Cell signaling is the process of cellular communication within the body. The binding of extracellular signaling molecules to their receptors
-Modes of cell-cell signaling
1.Direct cell-cell signaling
2. Signaling by secreted molecule
a.Endocrine signaling:
-E. g. hormones produced by endocrine glands including pituitary, pancreas, adrenal, parathyroid glands etc.
b.Paracrine signaling:
-E.g. action of neurotransmitters in carrying signals between nerve cells at a synapse.
c.Autocrine signaling:
-When interleukin-1 is produced in response to external stimuli, it can bind to cell-surface receptors on the same cell that produced it.
d.Synaptic signaling:
-Types of signaling molecules
a.Nitric oxide
b.Carbon monoxide
c.Neurotransmitter
d.Peptide hormone
-Intracellular signaling pathway activated by an extracellular signal molecule
Receptor
A molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific effect in the cell.
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Develop an encryption and decryption algorithm Your program should a.pdf
Develop an encryption and decryption algorithm Your program should accept an input file to be
compressed and encrypted and the saved files should be both the compressed and encrypted files.
Your program should also be able to recover the encrypted and decrypted files create the
Huffman codes to compress a set of files and recover the files. Alert the user the compression
ratio. This will be simulated if the file is stored as a *.txt file The compressed file must be
encrypted prior to saving the file. Add the following methods to your compression: Huffman
LZW Write an explanation as to how the methods work in your code -Add the follow methods
to both your encryption and decryption methods: Simple Encryption Public-Key Cryptosystem
RSA Cryptosystem Implement the ability to save the files as Binary I/O (0 and 1)
Solution
import javax.swing.*;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Random ;
class AES {
byte[] skey = new byte[1000];
String skeyString;
static byte[] raw;
String inputMessage,encryptedData,decryptedMessage;
public AES() {
try {
generateSymmetricKey();
inputMessage=JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,\"Enter message to encrypt\");
byte[] ibyte = inputMessage.getBytes();
byte[] ebyte=encrypt(raw, ibyte);
String encryptedData = new String(ebyte);
System.out.println(\"Encrypted message \"+encryptedData);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,\"Encrypted Data \"+\"\ \"+encryptedData);
byte[] dbyte= decrypt(raw,ebyte);
String decryptedMessage = new String(dbyte);
System.out.println(\"Decrypted message \"+decryptedMessage);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,\"Decrypted Data \"+\"\ \"+decryptedMessage);
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
void generateSymmetricKey() {
try {
Random r = new Random();
int num = r.nextInt(10000);
String knum = String.valueOf(num);
byte[] knumb = knum.getBytes();
skey=getRawKey(knumb);
skeyString = new String(skey);
System.out.println(\"AES Symmetric key = \"+skeyString);
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception {
KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(\"AES\");
SecureRandom sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(\"SHA1PRNG\");
sr.setSeed(seed);
kgen.init(128, sr); // 192 and 256 bits may not be available
SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey();
raw = skey.getEncoded();
return raw;
}
private static byte[] encrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] clear) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, \"AES\");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(\"AES\");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear);
return encrypted;
}
private static byte[] decrypt(byte[] raw, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, \"AES\");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(\"AES\");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
byte[] decrypt.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive mutant allele (cf). Two norm.pdf
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive mutant allele (cf). Two normal parents produce a child
with cystic fibrosis. What are the genotypes of the parents? a. CF/cf and CFICF b. CF/cf and
cf/cf c. Both are CF/cf d. CF/CF and cf/cf What is the probability of this family having four
children, 1 with cystic fibrosis, and 3 without cystic fibrosis? a. 0.14 b. 0.25 c. 0.047 d. 0.42
Solution
19. Answer is option C. Both are CF/cf
It is caused by the presence of mutations in both copies of the gene for the cystic fibrosis
transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Those with a single working copy are
carriers and otherwise mostly normal.
20.answer is option B. 0.25
Out of the 4 children, 0.25 will be healthy, 0.50 will be carriers and 0.25 will have disease..
Compute the addition and multiplication of the following 2 binary fl.pdf
Compute the addition and multiplication of the following 2 binary floating numbers:
1.101 *2^(1)
1.1 * 2^(-1)
Solution
Given 2 numbers:
1.101 *2^(1) = 1.101 * 10 =
0000
1101
11.010 = 11.012 = 2.210
1.1 * 2^(-1) = 1.1 * 0.1
11
00
0.112 = 0.7510
Now, the addition is: 11.012 + 0.112= 100.002 = 3.010
Now, the multiplication is: 11.012 * 0.112 =
1101
1101
10.01112 = 2.410.
Write an audit memo that explains how quality control for an audit e.pdf
Write an audit memo that explains how quality control for an audit engagement will affect your
audit of Starbucks using the following standards Au 220 (independence) and Auditing Standard
7 (Engagement Quality Review)
The memo should be addressed to the Audit Committee Chair, the members of the audit
committee, and the CFO.
Audit Chair: Mellody Hobson
Members: Robert M. Gates
Jorgen Vig Knudstorp
Joshua Cooper Ramo
Javier G. Teruel
Craig E. Weatherup
CFO: Scott Maw
Reference the standard by number. The memo should be the explanation of the pertinent
standard.
Solution
have been auditing Vehicles For Hope Limited (VHL) for the last five years, however during my
recent meeting with the accountant I was informed of several changes that have taken place
during the last one year. I am writing this memo to apprise you of these changes and seek your
feedback on audit planning.
Significant Donations: Two months ago a long standing board member donated land, building
and equipment to help VHL accept more applicants for the training. In …show more content…
Accounting Software: The accountant has raised several issues in regards to excel based
accounting process. He is of the opinion that a new off the shelf software be implemented
however is worried about the cost of implementation. I have recommended some off the shelf
software’s however I have advised him that as an auditor I cannot provide any significant
consulting or process improvement. Even though he was interested in me helping him implement
the new software, I had to say no as that may create a conflict of interest. Do you think that we
could play a more active role in accounting software implementation?
Key Performance Measures One of the board members have asked to create a report of the key
performance measures number of new applicants and projections for the future given that they
have new building and land. This report will be given to all parties who will receive the annual
report and the board has asked me to comment on the suitability of such report. Even though
most commonly required information is provided in the audited annual financial statements VHL
is free to use special purpose reports like the key performance measures to meet the needs of its
donors. However I have advised the board that these will not be a part of the audit process and
we will not be certifying them. Please advise if my approach is appropriate.
Expense Report I have been advised that during the last one year VHL had several issues
CPA, CGA Subject: I have been auditing Vehicles For Hope Limited (VHL) for the last five
years, however during my recent meeting with the accountant I was informed of several changes
that have taken place during the last one year. I am writing this memo to apprise you of these
changes and seek your feedback on audit planning. Significant Donations: Two months ago a
long standing board member donated land, building and equipment to help VHL accept more
applicants for the training. In .
What legal impacts did the ACA have on tax-exempt hospitalsSolu.pdf
What legal impacts did the ACA have on tax-exempt hospitals?
Solution
Ans:-
The ACA amendments do not depend on formal agency policy to take effect. Nonetheless,
Congress directed the Treasury Secretary to issue regulations and guidance necessary to carry
out the reforms (26 U.S.C. §501(r)(7)). To this end, two important sets of proposed rules were
issued: the first in June, 2012; and the second, in April 2013. While an informative IRS website
lists various proposed rules and guidelines important to nonprofit hospitals, final rules seem to
have performed a disappearing act.
Apparently recognizing the problems created by its delays, the agency has gone so far as to issue
aspecial Notice letting nonprofit hospitals (and presumably the public) know that they can rely
on its proposed rules. But this assurance overlooks the fact that the proposed rules themselves
contained crucial areas in which final agency policy has not yet been adopted.
The ACA Reforms
Section 9007 of the ACA added a new §501(r) to the Internal Revenue Code, establishing a set
of expanded obligations as a condition of federal tax-exempt status. The Hilltop Institute, which
tracks state activities around hospital community benefit, reports that many states link their own
tax-exempt policies to satisfaction of federal tax-exempt requirements.
The ACA’s expanded obligations span a number of important areas: community health planning;
financial assistance for patients; and hospitals’ billing and collection practices.
Community Health Needs Assessment
The ACA requires hospitals to conduct a community health needs assessment (CHNA). This
requirement took effect in 2012; it consists not only of planning with broad community and
public health input but also adoption of an Implementation Strategy detailing how the hospital’s
community benefit investment will meet the needs identified in the CHNA (26 U.S.C.
§501(r)(3)). Following the issuance ofpreliminary 2011 guidance , the IRS issued a proposed
rule in 2013, 77 Fed. Reg. 20523 (April 5, 2013) outlining a relatively robust CHNA process,
even as it left certain aspects of its CHNA policy less than fully defined. Critical issues that
remain outstanding include how hospitals define “community,” and whether the all-important
Implementation Strategy component of the CHNA process — essentially a hospital
organization’s community benefit investment blueprint — must itself be made available for
public comment prior to board adoption.
The ACA amendments do not depend on formal agency policy to take effect. Nonetheless,
Congress directed the Treasury Secretary to issue regulations and guidance necessary to carry
out the reforms (26 U.S.C. §501(r)(7)). To this end, two important sets of proposed rules were
issued: the first in June, 2012; and the second, in April 2013. While an informative IRS website
lists various proposed rules and guidelines important to nonprofit hospitals, final rules seem to
have performed a disappearing act.
Apparently re.
Which members of the family above are afflicted with Huntingtons Di.pdf
Which members of the family above are afflicted with Huntington\'s Disease? ___________
There are no carries for Huntington\'s Disease- you either have it or you don\'t. With this in
mind, is Huntington\'s disease caused by a dominant or recessive trait? __________ 3. How
many children did individuals 1-1 and 1-2 have? _____________ How many girls did II-1 and
II-2 have? How is individual III-2 and II-4 related? How many have Huntington\'s Disease?
___________ The pedigree to the right shows the pacing on of Hitchhiker\'s Thumb in a family.
Is this, trait dominant or recessive? __________ How do you know? How are individuals III-1
and III-2 related? ____________ Name 2 individuals that have hitchhiker\'s thumb.
_____________ Name 2 individuals that were carriers of hitchhiker\'s thumb. _________ Is it
possible for individual IV-2 to be a carrier?__________ Why? __________ The pedigree to the
right shows the passing on of colorblindness. What sex can ONLY be earners of colorblindness?
__________ With this in mind, what kind of non-mendelian trait is colorblindness?
___________ Why does individual IV-7 have colorblindness? ___________ Why do all the
daughters in generation II carry the colorblind gene? Name 2 IV generation colorblind males.
____________
Solution
1) as affected is indicated by dark circles and square hence the affected individuals are I-1,II-
2,3,7, III-3.
2)There are no carriers that means it is an autosomal dominant trait because the person having
even one allel of disease he or she will suffer form disease.
3)They have 6 children II-2,3,4,6,7,8.
4) They have 2 daughters denoted by circle.One is affected (dark circle) by hnutington
disease.(III-3)
5) They are brother and sister (III-2 and II-4).III -5 is the grandson of I-2.
6) It is a recessive trait.
7) there is the skip of generation and in recessive trait unaffected parents may have affected
child.
8) They are husband and wife.single line between square(male) and circle(female) indicates
mating.
9) IV - 1 and 3 are affected.
10) III-1 and 2 are the carrier of disease because they are having affected child.
11) YES, it is possible that she might be a carrier because her brother and sister are affected so
there is a possibility that her parents are carrier.
12)Only female can be the carrier of coolourblindness because it is a X linked recessive trait
13) It is sex linked specifically X linked in human.
14) IV -7 have colourblindess because her mother is heterozygous(XXC) and father is
diseased(XCY) so there is possibility that she become affected
15) Because father is affcted (XCY) and he will surely give his one X chromosome to his
daughters that\'s why they all are carrier..
What could be the arguments of a production functionA Cost and La.pdf
What could be the arguments of a production function?
A Cost and Labor
B Profit and Prices
C Output and Profit
D Capital and Labor
E Any of the above
Solution
Option D
The production function relates the combination of output represented at various combinations of
labor and inputs. It tells on at what levels of capital and labor does maximise the ouput using
capital and labor as the inputs..
What are the benefits to firms of international diversification Wha.pdf
What are the benefits to firms of international diversification? What are the risks involved with
internationalization?
Solution
The following are the major benefits to firms of international diversification :
1. Profit Making Opportunities : International Diversification opens new platforms and markets
for firms products. Firm can access large and emerging markets, improve their customer base
and revenue numbers. It also provides access to regional trading area and first mover advantages
in case of some markets.
2. Business Growth : The firm can diversify into different product lines for different countries.
One of the best example is Nestle which draws most of its customer base for edible products like
maggie noodles from outside of its home country.
3. International Reputation : It helps a firm build a reputation beyond its national borders. An
internationally recognised brand sells well in the domestic country as well.
4. Competitive Advantage : Firms gain competitive advantage by outsourcing non core activities
to other nations, and can focus by producing/ manufacturing what they are better at.
5. Access to Resources : Firms get a much better access to resources in terms of labour and
capital. Firm can use of a pool of funds from international investors and source cheap labour
from other countries.
6. Cost Reduction : International diversification helps a firm to diversify its operational and
managerial costs, reduce its production costs and also helps to lower the selling costs at different
locations.
Risks Involved with Internationalization :
1. Changing International Environment : All firms operate in a dynamic environment. It is
difficult to predict the global trends, tastes and preferences of buyers, international trade policies
etc. Cross border transactions include huge investment in terms of labour, capital and resources.
Reversing them involves huge losses.
2. Uncertain Business Cycles : Global recessions and downturns are uncertain but deeply affect
an organisation\'s business. The Eurozone Crisis, U.S. Economic Crisis are examples of business
cycles that have adversely affected global economies.
3. Political and social instability: Political and social instabililty in the countries where a firm
operates can also affect the firm\'s business lines. Since, in case of interational diversification,
firms opearte in different environment, they have little or no control on external factors such as
these.
4. Government Policies : Sometimes frequent changes in government policies of foreign
territories pose a risk to international business of a firm. A more supportive environment is
important for a firm to operate effectively..
What are electromagnetic wavesSolutionWe are encompassed by w.pdf
What are electromagnetic waves?
Solution
We are encompassed by waves we can see and listen, from sea waves to sound waves. A wave
demonstrates the exchange of vitality, from the wind that begins a sea wave to the sound that
travels through the air to your ear drum. Waves that go through a physical protest or medium are
called mechanical waves. Dissimilar to mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves needn\'t
bother with a medium to travel or spread. Electric and attractive fields both deliver vibrations
and, together, the two sorts of vitality make electromagnetic waves.
Waves take distinctive shapes, yet electromagnetic waves all have a snake-like shape, which
makes them transverse waves. Transverse waves are measured by their tallness, or sufficiency,
and by their wavelength, or the separation between the most astounding purpose of one wave, the
peak, to the peak of the following wave. The most reduced purpose of a wave is known as a
trough. Trough to trough can be measured, as well. While dissecting an electromagnetic wave,
both the plentifulness and separation between waves is measured.
One entire wave, from peak to peak, or trough to trough, is known as a cycle. The quantity of
cycles that happen every second is the wave\'s recurrence. Out of appreciation for Heinrich
Hertz, we measure recurrence in hertz or Hz.
Electromagnetic waves will be waves which can go through the vacuum of space. Mechanical
waves, not at all like electromagnetic waves, require the nearness of a material medium keeping
in mind the end goal to transport their vitality starting with one area then onto the next. Sound
waves are cases of mechanical waves while light waves are cases of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves are made by the vibration of an electric charge. This vibration makes a
wave which has both an electric and an attractive segment. An electromagnetic wave transports
its vitality through a vacuum at a speed of 3.00 x 108 m/s (a speed esteem ordinarily spoke to by
the image c). The proliferation of an electromagnetic wave through a material medium happens
at a net speed which is under 3.00 x 108 m/s. This is portrayed in the liveliness underneath.
The instrument of vitality transport through a medium includes the assimilation and reemission
of the wave vitality by the molecules of the material. At the point when an electromagnetic wave
encroaches upon the molecules of a material, the vitality of that wave is retained. The retention
of vitality causes the electrons inside the iotas to experience vibrations. After a brief time of
vibrational movement, the vibrating electrons make another electromagnetic wave with an
indistinguishable recurrence from the main electromagnetic wave. While these vibrations happen
for just a brief timeframe, they defer the movement of the wave through the medium. Once the
vitality of the electromagnetic wave is reemitted by a molecule, it goes through a little locale of
space between particles. When it achieves the foll.
Using RustBecause postfix expressions are simpler and faster to ev.pdf
Using Rust
Because postfix expressions are simpler and faster to evaluate, compilers transform infix
expressions in source programs to postfix expressions in executable programs. You will
implement this transformation.
## Infix expressions
An infix expression contains one or more of the following tokens:
* Operands: integers, such as `1`, `-23`.
* Operators: arithmetic operators `+`, `-`, `*`, and `/` with their normal association and
precedence.
* Left and right parentheses.
A valid infix expression must satisfy all the following rules:
* An operand or left parenthesis cannot be preceded by an operand or right parenthesis.
* An operator or right parenthesis cannot
* be the first token in the expression, or
* be preceded by an operator or left parenthesis.
* An operator or left parenthesis cannot be the last token in the expression.
* Each left parenthesis must match a unique right parenthesis, and vice versa.
## Transform infix to postfix expression
1. Create a stack.
2. Scan the tokens in the infix expression.
* If the token is an operand, output it.
* If the token is a left parenthesis, push it onto the stack.
* If the token is a right parenthesis, pop and output all the operators from the stack until
encountering a left parenthesis. Pop and discard the left parenthesis.
* If the token is an operator
* If the stack is empty, push the token onto the stack.
* Otherwise, if the top of the stack is an operator and its precedence is greater than or equal to
the precedence of the token, pop and output the operator from the stack, and repeat this process.
Finally, push the token in the infix expression onto the stack.
3. Pop and output all the remaining tokens on the stack.
## Public API
Your program must provide the following public API.
```
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum Operator {
// `+`
Add,
// `-`
Sub,
// `*`
Mul,
// `/`
Div,
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum InfixToken {
Operator(Operator),
Operand(isize),
LeftParen,
RightParen,
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum PostfixToken {
Operator(Operator),
Operand(isize),
}
/// Transforms an infix expression to a postfix expression.
///
/// If the infix expression is valid, outputs `Some(_)`;
/// otherwise, outputs `None`.
pub fn infix_to_postfix(tokens: &[InfixToken]) -> Option> {
unimplemented!();
}
Solution
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)] pub enum Operator { // `+` Add, // `-` Sub,
// `*` Mul, // `/` Div, } #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)] pub enum InfixToken {
Operator(Operator), Operand(isize), LeftParen, RightParen, } #[derive(Debug,
PartialEq)] pub enum PostfixToken { Operator(Operator), Operand(isize), } /// Transforms
an infix expression to a postfix expression. /// /// If the infix expression is valid, outputs
`Some(_)`; /// otherwise, outputs `None`. pub fn infix_to_postfix(tokens: &[InfixToken]) ->
Option> { let mut stack: Vec = vec![]; let mut output: Vec = vec![];
////////////////////////////////// VALIDATION /////////////////////////////////////////////.
tnt en Assignment Nickele Company reoorts net income of sae,4n0 in .pdf
tnt en Assignment Nickele Company reoorts net income of sae,4n0 in 2014 However ending
inventory was understuted be .30 What is the correctinet income for 20 14 2z e correct net
income What offuct. it any will this error have on total asets as reourted in the balance shest at
December 31, 20n 014 IRNil in the balance sheet will be by the amount that ending inventory is
Solution
1. Net Income for 2014 = $86,440 + $7,220 = $93,660
2. Total Assets in the balance sheet will be Understated by the amount that ending inventory is
Understated, $7,220
*Note - Image is not clearly visible so I took understated amount as 7,220, if it is 7,320 then
please drop a comment..
This file contains a complete array-based MultiSet, but not the code.pdf
This file contains a complete array-based MultiSet, but not the code needed to support its
Iterator. Complete the Iterator\'s next() and hasNext() methods.
Solution
Hi, I have implemented both required methods.
Please let me know in case of any issue.
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class ArrayMultiSet implements Collection {
/** Array in which the elements in this multiset are stored. */
private E[] _store;
/**
* Array indices below this amount contain the active elements in this collection.
*/
private int _size;
/**
* Modification counter used to preserve the fail-fast nature of its iterators.
*/
private long _modCount;
/**
* Create a new empty multiset.
*/
public ArrayMultiSet() {
_modCount = 0;
clear();
}
/**
* Remove all of the elements within the instance and invalidate any current iterators.
*/
@SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")
@Override
public void clear() {
_store = (E[]) (new Object[16]);
_size = 0;
// maintains the class invariant
}
/**
* Update the multiset so that it includes all of the elements from before the call AND the given
element.
*
* @param e Item to be added to this collection.
*/
@SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")
@Override
public boolean add(E e) {
// Check if we do not have enough space in the underlying array to store the
// new element
if (_size == _store.length) {
// We do not have space, so create a new larger space (doubling the size
// is the most time efficient)
E[] newStore = (E[]) new Object[_store.length * 2];
// Copy all of the references into the new array
for (int i = 0; i < _store.length; i++ ) {
newStore[i] = _store[i];
}
_store = newStore;
// An easier, more efficient way of coding this (but less useful for
// teaching) would instead be:
// _store = Arrays.copyOf(_store, _store.length * 2);
}
// Add the element to the store
_store[_size] = e;
// Finally, we can increase _size, since this change will no longer violate
// any class invariants.
_size += 1;
return true;
}
/**
* Return true if at least one element in the multiset is equal to the given object. When {@code
obj} is null, it must
* use the {@code ==} operator to perform these checks, but when {@code obj} is not null, the
{@link Object#equals}
* method is used.
*
* @param obj Object (or null) for which we will search
* @return {@code true} if {@code obj} was found; {@code false} if a match could not be
found.
*/
@Override
public boolean contains(Object obj) {
// Only scan through _size, since those are the only \"real\" entries for the
// multiset.
for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++ ) {
// When obj is null, we need to use ==
if ((obj == null) && (_store[i] == null)) {
return true;
}
// Otherwise, we use .equals() to find a match
else if ((obj != null) && obj.equals(_store[i])) {
return true;
}
// No else clause, since the match could be at a higher index!
}
// Checked all VALID indices, so the result must be:
return false;
}
@Override
public int size() {
return _size;
}
/**
* Remove the element found at the given index. .
The structure of a high temperature superconductor containing barium.pdf
The structure of a high temperature superconductor containing barium, europium, copper, and
oxygen is shown below. What is the stoichiometry of the compound? This structure is actually
closely related to perovskite, ABO3. Mark the positions of the missing atoms that would be
found in a perovskite
Solution
plz rate me if no one answers :) [ the points will be wasted anyway].
The present value o.pdf
The present value of $5,000 per year for three y FVA of $1 (Use appropriate factor(s) from the
to True or False True Folse
Solution
True ,Present value = $5000 * PVAF (12%,3 years)
= $5000 * 2.4018
= $5000 * 2.4018
= $12009
Note:- PVAF(12%,3 years) = [1 - (1+0.12)-3*1] / [0.12]
=[1 - (1.12)-3] / 0.12
=[1 - 1/(1.12)3] / 0.12
=[1 - 1/1.404928] / 0.12
=0.288220/ 0.12
= 2.4018
So , PVAF(12%,3 years) = 2.4018.
The Associated Handles section in Resource Monitor can be used to sh.pdf
The Associated Handles section in Resource Monitor can be used to show handles used by
processes, but will not show dynamic link libraries (DLLs) in use. true or false?
Solution
statement :
The Associated Handles section in Resource Monitor can be used to show handles used by
processes, but will not show dynamic link libraries (DLLs) in use
The above statement is true..
T 5. A contract should be held enforceable even if a party is mistake.pdf
T 5. A contract should be held enforceable even if a party is mistaken about the F value or
quality of an item purchased. T F 6. A contract may be determined unenforceable if both parties
were mistaken about an important fact, but not if only one party was mistaken. TF7. The contract
defense of fraud requires some false statement of a factual nature. TF 8. A statement that no
reasonable person would believe is probably not fraudulent. T F 9. Duress involves a statement
by a person who has special influence over TF 10. Some contracts must be in writing to be
enforceable. T F 11. Real estate contracts typically must be in writing to be enforceable. TF 12.
A contract covered by the Statute of Frauds must be signed by both parties. T F 13. A party may
be able to transfer their rights and duties under a contract to another, such as a trusted friend or
advisor. another party T F 14. An award of punitive damages is very common for contract
breach. T F 15. A party may be entitled to foreseeable damages beyond the contract itself but
which result from a breach of the contract, such as lost profits. F 16. The party breaching a
contract has a duty to mitigate the damages which will T result from his/her breach. T F 17.
Liquidated damages are an agreed amount to be paid for a future breach.
Solution
5. False: This is the case of unilateral mistake in a contract. Unilateral mistake occurs when one
party is mistaken as to the subject matter or the terms contained in the contract. One party is
mistaken and the other is not. Since only one party is mistaken it may lead to the unfair
advantage of to the other party. Therefore when a contract was entered on the basis of unilateral
mistake the contract may be liable to recession or reformation. Unilateral mistake commonly
occurs in prices, quantities and description of goods and services.
6. False. If both the parties to an agreement are mistaken about the subject matter of the contract,
such contract is void.
7. True: Fraud means concealment of a material fact or misrepresentation of a material fact. A
fraud in contract occurred when one party of the contract presents information to another which
is incorrect, deceitful or intend to confuse the other party.
8. True. Misrepresentation is a statement that no reasonable person would believe it to be true.
10. True. Contracts may be written or oral and both are enforceable. Oral contracts are very
difficult to enforce because there is not clear record on the offer, consideration and acceptance.
Therefore the law requires some agreement must be in writing in order to bind both the parties.
Such agreements are agreement to pay debts, contract that takes longer than one year to
complete, real estate lease for more than one year, contracts for above certain amount of money,
contract which has duration over the life time of the party and transfer of property at the death of
the party performing the contract.
11. True. The law requires some agreement must be in writing .
Subject - Project ManagementDescribe what the WBS is and why you .pdf
Subject :- Project Management
Describe what the WBS is and why you think it\'s important to create one. You have the option
to research the web, textbook etc
Solution
Ans:- A work breakdown structure (WBS), inproject management and systems engineering, is a
deliverable-oriented decomposition of a project into smaller components. A work breakdown
structure is a key project deliverable that organizes the team\'s work into manageable sections.
The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) defines the work breakdown structure
as a \"deliverable oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project
team.\"
A work breakdown structure element may be aproduct, data, service, or any combination thereof.
A WBS also provides the necessary framework for detailed cost estimating and control along
with providing guidance for schedule development and control.
A work breakdown structure lets project managers plan their work more efficiently. A project is
characterized by time-limited activities and is assigned fixed time frames and costs. When it is
finished, a project must fulfill the stakeholder needs it was designed to address. The project
management has to plan for the schedule, the fixed costs and the functional completeness of the
project and assign responsibilities. The WBS helps make this planning consistent and provides
for effective project execution.
Importance;-
Tasks
The main purpose of a WBS is to reduce complicated activities to a collection of tasks. This is
important for the project manager because she can oversee the tasks more effectively than the
complex activities. Tasks must be measurable and independent, with clearly defined limits. All
the project work must be included in one of the tasks and the tasks must not include any non-
project work.
Costs
Because the WBS tasks are measurable, the project management can assign specific costs to each
task. The WBS lets project managers distribute the project budget into defined packages linked
to the tasks and check to make sure that the task costs in total don\'t exceed the total project cost.
Schedule
The WBS is important for tracking progress in the project schedule. Because the WBS tasks have
clearly defined limits, the project management can determine how advanced the project is by
checking which of the tasks are finished. Even within each task, the project management can
check for percent completion because each task is measurable..
Significant mass extinctions occurred during which of the following .pdf
Significant mass extinctions occurred during which of the following epochs?
A.Pleistocene, Ordovician, and Triassic
B.Ordovician, Triassic, and Jurassic
C.Triassic, Permian, and Cretaceous
D.Triassic, Permian, Cretaceous, Pleistocene, Ordovician, and Devonian
E.Ordovician, Triassic, Jurassic, Silurian, Eocene, and Oligocene
Solution
Ans d triassic, permian, cretaceous pleistocene, ordovician, and devonian
These are the largest mass extinctions in the earth history. Many species got extincted in short
period of time..
SOLUTIONNotice thatt2becomes simpler when differentiated (wherease5t.pdf
SOLUTIONNotice thatt2becomes simpler when differentiated (wherease5tis mostly unchanged
when differentiated or integrated), so we choose
Thendu=u=dv=dtThendu=dtv= Find t^2e^5tdt. SOLUTION Notice that t^2becomes simpler
when differentiated (whereas e^5t is mostly unchanged when differentiated or integrated), so we
choose Integration by parts gives The integral that we obtained, te^5t dt, is simpler than
the original integral but is still not obvious. Therefore, we use integration by parts a second time,
this time withu=tanddv=e^5tdt. Thendu= Putting this in Equation 3, we get
Solution
t*T e^(5t)/5 - (2/5)[ te^(5t)/5 - e^(5t)/25 ] t*t e^(5t)/5 - (2/25) te^(5t) + 2/125 e^(5t)
].
Please help with the English test !!! Thank you very much!Identify.pdf
Please help with the English test !!! Thank you very much!
Identify the term that best describes the italic bold word
1.The teacher asked the class to stay put while she went to the office.
a) transitive verb
b) intransitive verb
c) auxiliary verb
d) linking verb
2. The ancient Greeks believed that the more people learn, the less they know.
a) correlative conjunctions
b) coordinating conjunctions
3. The committee decided that Pedro’s logo was the most appropriate representation of the
organization’s mission.
a)predicate nominative
b)predicate adjective
c)objective compliment
d)direct object
4.Maintaining a perfect GPAbecome more important to him than athletics.
a) appositive phrase
b) infinitive phrase
c) prepositional phrase
d) gerund phrase
5. Developed by government scientists, the Internet is now part of everyday life.
a) appositive phrase
b) participle phrase
c) gerund phrase
d) infinitive phrase
Identify the sentence structure.
6. Without her cat in her lap, she felt alone during the long ride.
a)simple sentence
b)compound sentence
c)complex sentence
d)compound-complex sentence
7. Today he is frail, but he still commands respect.
a)simple sentence
b)compound sentence
c) complex sentence
d)compound-complex sentence
Solution
1) In the first question you forgot to mention Italic Bold letter, but I think STAY is the verb you
meant to ask.
In the first question the answer is Intransitive verb.
let me explain it why.
Definition: An intransitive verb has two properties. one, it is an action verb, expressing an
activity which is doable e.g.:Come, go, eat, drink, sneeze, stand etc. Second, unlike a transitive
verb, it won\'t have a direct object who is receiving the action.
Example: Because of liver problems, Sameer always eats before leaving for office.
2) It\'s a correlative conjunction. Because correlative conjunctions are always in pairs and one
will be related to another. Other examples are neither/or, Both/and, not only/but also, whether/or,
neither/nor and sooner/than.
3) Direct object is the answer
Because a direct object is followed by transitive verb, it can be nouns, pronouns, phrases, or
clauses.
4) It is an Infinitive phrase.
5) It\'s a Participle phrase.
other examples: The water drained slowly in the pipe clogged with dog hair.
6) It is clearly a Complex sentence, since complex sentences have one independent clause and at
least one dependent clause. Without her cat in her lap is independent clause and she felt alone
during the long ride. is a dependent clause.
7) This one is a Simple sentence..
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