ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن(BIM)در ﻓﺎزاﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ امیرحسین ستوده بیدختی

1. 1
)‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬BIM‫(در‬‫ﻓﺎز‬‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬
‫ﺑﯿﺪﺧﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮده‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺮﺣﺴﯿﻦ‬1،*
1‫و‬*-‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه‬‫ﻮ‬:‫ول‬‫ارﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﺠﻮي‬،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ‬،‫ﺳﻤﻨﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻼءاﻟﺪوﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ‬
)(amirsotoodeh111@yahoo.com
‫ﭼﻜﯿﺪه‬
‫ﭘﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫در‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫اﺻﻞ‬‫ﺑﺘﻮان‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ.ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ذﯾﻨﻔﻌﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫و‬ ‫وژه،ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎرت‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ‬ ‫روﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﻣﺮ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬‫ﭘﯿﺸﺮ‬ ‫درﺣﺎل‬ ‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺪوار‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺖ‬
)‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎري،ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ‬AEC‫از‬ ‫دارد.ﻫﺪف‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ (
‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬BIM‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ،ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﺷﮑ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮان‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت‬‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬‫ﮐﺮوﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬
‫واژ‬‫ﮔﺎن‬:‫ﮐﻠﯿﺪي‬،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬BIM‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ،ﻓﻨﺎوري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫،اﺟﺮاي‬
1‫و‬*-‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫درﺟﮫ‬ :‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه‬‫ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ،‫و‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮑﺪه‬ ،‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﮫ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬) ‫اول‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه‬B Nazanin.pt11(‫ﭼﯿﻦ‬ ‫راﺳﺖ‬ ،

2. 2
The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the
Implementation phase of construction projects
Abstract
The basic principle in the development, design and implementation of the
demands of stakeholders and better on-time delivery. For this to be reached in the
implementation of the project should work management and in accordance with the
management principles on monitor.Building Information Modeling technology is a
promising tool for developing and industrial architecture, engineering and construction
(AEC) in different areas of the field are able to apply.The purpose of this article is to
introduce BIM technology and its performance construction phase of realization of
projects, to use it to best optimize the manufacturing operations.At the end of the
CRUSELL bridge project as a successful example of the use of this technology has been
introduced in implementation of the project. .
Keywords: Building information modeling; BIM; Implementation phase of
construction projects; Information Communication Technology
1-‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
BIM‫ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫درﺣﺎل‬ ‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺪوار‬ ‫و‬)‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎري،ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫در‬AEC‫ﻓﻨﺎوري‬ ‫(اﺳﺖ.ﺑﺎ‬
BIM‫ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻬﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪا‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫از‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎوري‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ،در‬ ‫ﺑﺮدارﯾﭙﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬.‫ﻣﯿﺴﺎزد‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮي‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻣﺪل‬
‫ﺑﺮداري‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ،‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ،‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﺷﺒﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫روﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬
‫ﻃ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫اﺟﺰاي‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻏﻨﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫از‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫و‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬ ‫ﻮل‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‬‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫اﻋﻀﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮري‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دارﺳﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻋﻀﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎم‬
‫ﺑﺮداري‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫رودن‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮد‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﻗ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬.‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﺮار‬(Smit.D,2007)
2-‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫آﻣﺪه‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺳﻮء‬ ،‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ،ﻣﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫در‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬،‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي‬ ‫اﺑﺰار‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاري‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻮه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫آﯾﺪ.ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬
‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ .‫ﻣﯿﮕﺬارد‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫در‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﺳﻨﺎدي‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪو‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎره‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫درون‬ ‫ﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﺮ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﻨﺪ.ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫دوﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫واﻗﻌﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺮدارﻧﺪه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ .‫ﻣﯿﮕﺬارد‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻮاﺑﻦ‬
‫اﻓﺰارﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﮐﺸﯿﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫راﯾﺞ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬CAD.‫ﻧﻤﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬( Krygiel, E., & Nies, B. 2008)

3. 3
2-‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬
‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎري‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫دارد،از‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫وﺳﯿﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫داﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺮروي‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﮑﺎن‬ ‫داراي‬ ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫از‬ ‫وﺳﯿﻌﯽ‬ ‫داﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫و‬‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪو‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬91.6‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫درﺻﺪ‬1-19‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮه‬
) ‫ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬61.6‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن(درﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫درﺻﺪ‬19‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪادﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬9.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻤ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬‫ﺎره‬1-‫ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻن‬-‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬-‫اﺟﺮا‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻗﺮارداد‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫داﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬‫)اﻣﺎﻧ‬ ‫اﺟﺮا‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬،(‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠ‬‫ﯽ‬،‫ﻣﺪ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺖ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠ‬ ‫)ﭼﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﺟﺮا‬‫ﯽ‬(،‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠ‬ ‫)دو‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬‫ﯽ‬،(‫ﺑﺮدار‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬‫ي‬‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫و‬،‫ﻃﺮاﺣ‬ ‫روش‬‫ﯽ‬،‫،ﺗﺪارك‬‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬EPC
‫ﻗﺮارداد‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد.ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫را‬BIM‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآوردﻫﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺪارك‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاد‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬(Eastman, C et al,2011)
2-‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻘﺮار‬BIM‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫در‬
‫اﺟﺮاي‬BIM‫اﯾﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫دﭘﺎرﺗﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ.ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫د‬
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬BIM.‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫و‬
-‫ﻓﺮدي‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎرت‬
‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬BIM‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎرت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪي‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎرت‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬BIM‫ﮐﻨﻨ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ‬ ،‫ﺪه‬BIM.‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫اﺷﺎره‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬
-‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫در‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬BIM‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮدرﮔﻤﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬‫ﺳﻮء‬‫ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬
.‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬

4. 4
-‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش،ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬BIM‫ﻟﯿﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺎي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻣﻨﺪان‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ.ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬‫دروﺳﻪ‬ ‫از‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫اﺟﺮا‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﯿﭗ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ،‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ:ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪاﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬
2-‫از‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬BIM
‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫آﻣﺎده‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن،ﻣﻌﻤﺎران‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎ‬ ،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ،ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫،ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ‬ ،‫ﻗﯿﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬
:‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫را‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫آل‬ ‫اﯾﺪه‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.در‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬
-‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻀﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬‫آﻧﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﺟﺰاء‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎي‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﻌﺪي‬
.‫دارد‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫آوردن‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫در‬
-‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﺟﺰاء‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫اﺟﺰاء‬.‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬
-‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺎزد‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﺮا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫آﻣﺎده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺮﯾﺪ،ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬
-‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻮح‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫داده‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬‫و‬ ‫اﺗﺼﻼت‬ ‫اي،ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺳﺎزه‬ ‫ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي‬
‫روﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻮح‬ ،‫ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻮﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻈﺎر،ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺮش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻟﻨﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ،‫ﺧﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﮔﺬاري‬ ‫ﻫﺪف‬
-‫ﮐﻨﺘ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫وﺿﻌﯿﺖ‬‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ،‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ،ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫اﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﯽ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺮل‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫اﻓﺰوده‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز(ﮐﻪ‬ ‫وآزﻣﺎﯾﺶ)درﺻﻮرت‬
‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﺑﺰاري‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزه‬BIM‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
BIM‫ﻣﯿ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﯾﻨﺪه‬ ‫در‬‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺸﻮد.اﻣﺮوزه‬BIM.‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪاي‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫دو‬
(Eastman, C et al,2011)
3-‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫روﯾﮑﺮد‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬BIM‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮده‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎري‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎري‬BIM‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي‬ ‫اﺟﺰاي‬ ‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮس‬ ‫در‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮔﺬار‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﮐﺎران‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎري‬ ‫ﻨﺪ،درﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‬
،‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ،‫ﺗﻨﺎﻗﻀﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬ ،‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ‬CAD‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺪارﮐﺎت‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬ .‫اﺳﺖ‬1‫ﻃﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﻪ‬‫ﻧﺸﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻏﺬي‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ح‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬

5. 5
‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬2-‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫دﯾﺪاري‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي‬ ‫اﺟﺰاي‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬BIM‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪود‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج‬‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫در‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬
.‫دﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫را‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎرﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬(Eastman, C et al,2011)
4-‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬BIM‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬‫ي‬‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺖ‬) ‫ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ‬CMM‫(اﺳ‬‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﮏ‬‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻒ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺸﻮد‬‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬X
‫از‬11‫ﺗﺸﮑ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺸﻮد‬‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﯾﯽ‬‫زﻧﺪﮔ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬ :‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬‫ﯽ‬،‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ،‫ﺛﺮوت‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺸﻮد‬‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬ ‫در‬ .y‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬10
‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻒ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺸﻮد‬‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ي‬‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬10‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺸﻮد‬) .NBIMS, 2007(
‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬3-‫:ﻣﺎﺗﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺲ‬(NBIMS, 2007) CMM
4-‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎب‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬BIM
BIM‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺎب‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي‬‫ﭘﻨﺞ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻋﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫روش‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫روش‬
:‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬

6. 6
1.‫د‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫داﻧﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬.‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺶ‬
2.‫ﺳﻨﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬.
3.‫ﺗﯿﻤﯽ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺮاك‬
4.‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺮاك‬‫درﺟﻬﺖ‬‫ﻋﯿﺐ‬ ‫رﻓﻊ‬‫ﯾﺎ‬‫ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ‬.
5.‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬BIM.‫آن‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎوران‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬)Sacks, C et al,2010(
4-1-‫ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي‬‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬BIM
-‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫از‬ ‫اﺳﻨﺎد:اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬BIM‫را‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺪﻣﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬
‫ﺷ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫زﻧﺠﯿﺮه‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪن‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﺟﺎزه‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي:اﺑﺰار‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﺒﯿﻪ‬
‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﯾﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫درون‬ ‫ﮐﺮد.اﺷﯿﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫آن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬
.‫ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪي‬
-‫ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬
:‫ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ‫دﻗﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫وﯾﮋﮔﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬BIM‫اﺳ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫داراي‬ ،‫آن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻫﺮآﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ،‫ﻃﻮل،ﻋﺮض‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫اﻧﺴﺠﺎم‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ،ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫رﻓﺖ:ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺪر‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ،ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرﮔﺰارش‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ(و‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺷﺪه)ﺟﻠﻮ‬‫و‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﻫﺪر‬ ‫زﯾﺎدي‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺪار‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻈﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎري‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬
-‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﻮع‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬BIM‫ﻫﺪف‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﻫﻢ‬ ‫راﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﮐﯿ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ‬.‫ﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻔﯿﺖ‬
-‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺎم‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪي‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ‬ ،‫ﺗﺪارﮐﺎت،ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ،‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬‫در‬BIM،‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ .‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬BIM.‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎ‬ ،
-‫اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺮوي‬
‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وري‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮه‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ،‫اداري‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ،ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺮو‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺪت‬ ‫دراز‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎري‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬
-‫اﯾﻤﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬
‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﺰاري‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ .‫ﻣﯿﺮود‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻨﯽ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ارزش‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬)2007,Dunn, J. E.(

7. 7
6-‫ﮐﺮوﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻮردي‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺮوﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬‫ﻏﺮب‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ،اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻫﻠﺴﯿﻨﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎري‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬
‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ،در‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫روﻫﺎﻻﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ (‫ﻫﻠﺴﯿﻨﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫)ﺑﺨﺸﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺳﺎري‬ ‫ﺟﺎت‬
‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬BIM.‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﺎب‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫اﺻﻮل‬ ‫و‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬2-‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎي‬‫ﮐﺮوﺳﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬3-‫ﮐﺮوﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ﺳﺎزه‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬
‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫روش‬ ‫دو‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬:‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬Tekla‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬BIM‫و‬LPS(Last Planner System)‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫آﻏﺎز‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف،اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﺤﯿﻂ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫و‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫ي‬

8. 8
،‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎدل‬ ،‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ،‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫)ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
(...‫و‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﺎت،ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬.‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻬﺪات‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺪي‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزي‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺰري‬ ‫اﺳﮑﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﮐﺎري‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬
‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬LSP‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫درك‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﺎت‬ ‫در‬.‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫از‬
‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ذﯾﻨﻔﻌﺎن‬ ‫دﺧﺎﻟﺖ‬LSP‫و‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬ ،‫ﺟﻠﺴﺎت‬ ‫رﯾﺰي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫و‬
.‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬
‫ﮐ‬ ‫ﻃﻮري‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪن‬ ‫ازﻋﻘﺐ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي‬(Eastman, C et al,2011)
9-‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‬‫ﮔ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺮي‬
‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮس‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎي‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫اﺷﺎره‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬
‫اﺑﺰار‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬BIM‫ا‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫واﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬ ‫ذﻫﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬‫در‬ ‫درﮔﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮات‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ.ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﻫﻢ‬ ‫آﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬
‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد.ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫درﮐﺎر‬ ‫وﻗﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬‫از‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪي‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮان‬ ‫آﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ.ﻣﺰﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﻗﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺒﻮد‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺧﯿﺮات‬
‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻣﺮ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوژه‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﺳﻮدآوري‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﺎت‬
.‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫روﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬ ‫و‬
[1]- Smith.D, (2007), An Introduction to Building Information Modeling (BIM), Journal of Building
Information Modeling, fall 2007.
[2] Krygiel, E., & Nies, B. (2008). Green BIM: successful sustainable design with building information
modeling. John Wiley & Sons..
[3] Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM handbook: A guide to building information
modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors. John Wiley & Sons..
[4]NBIMS. (2007). Natinal Bulding InformaTion Modelling Standards:Owerview. United States: National
Institute of Bulding Science.
[5] Sacks, R., Koskela, L., Dave, B. A., & Owen, R. (2010). Interaction of lean and building information
modeling in construction. Journal of construction engineering and management, 136(9), 968-980.
[6] Dunn, J. E. (2007). Building Information Modeling Specialist. Retrieved from:
www.kcrevit.com/Job_Postings_Main.htm