Bibliometrics is the application of mathematics and statistics to books and communication media. It includes scientometrics, infometrics, and webometrics. Some key concepts in bibliometrics include Lotka's law, Bradford's law, and Zipf's law, which describe patterns in author productivity and journal usage. Bibliometric indicators like impact factor are used to analyze research contributions and citations. Co-citation analysis examines which articles are cited together to determine related topics. In summary, bibliometrics applies quantitative analysis to provide insight into properties of information objects and scholarly research trends.