The Philippine education system has been heavily influenced by its colonial history under Spain, the United States, and Japan. This has led to several ongoing problems, including low quality of education, low budget allocation for education relative to other ASEAN countries, high dropout rates particularly for socioeconomically disadvantaged students, a mismatch between educational training and available jobs, and a social divide that limits educational opportunities for the poor. Public schools also struggle with a lack of basic facilities and shortages of teachers. The implementation of K-12 reforms has also faced issues.

1. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN THE
PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION
BASED ON HISTORY
DECEMARK A. BERDIN
MAED

2. PHILIPPINES
EDUCATIONAL
When it comes to influence, the educational system of the
Philippines has been affected immensely by the country's
colonial history including the Spanish period, American
period, and Japanese rule and occupation.
ROOTS
American Influences:
 English was introduced as the primary language of
instruction.
 A public education system was first established - a system
specifically patterned after the United States school system
and further administered by the newly established
Department of Instruction. Similar to the United States of
America, the Philippines has had an extensive and
extremely inclusive system of education including features
such as higher education.

3. HISTORICAL EVOLUTION
OF THE PHIL. CURR.

4. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN THE
PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION
BASED ON HISTORY

5. 1. QUALITY EDUCATION
 The students' performance in both the NAT and NCAE were excessively below the target mean score.
 Poor quality of the Philippine educational system is manifested in the comparison of completion rates
between highly urbanized cities.
2. BUDGET FOR EDUCATION
 The second issue that the Philippine educational system faces is the budget for education. Although
it has been mandated by the Philippine Constitution for the government to allocate the highest
proportion of its government to education, the Philippines remains to have one of the lowest budget
allocations to education among ASEAN countries.

6. 3. Affordability of Education
 A big disparity in educational achievements is evident across various social groups.
Socioeconomically disadvantaged students otherwise known as students who are members of high
and low-income poverty-stricken families, have immensely higher drop-out rates in the elementary
level.
4. Drop-out Rate (Out-of-school youth)

7. 6. Mismatch
 There is a large mismatch between educational training and actual jobs. This stands to be a major
issue at the tertiary level and it is furthermore the cause of the continuation of a substantial amount
of educated yet unemployed or underemployed people.
7. Social Divide
 There exists a problematic and distinct social cleavage with regard to educational opportunities in the
country. Most modern societies have encountered an equalizing effect on the subject of education.
This aforementioned divide in the social system has made education become part of the institutional
mechanism that creates a division between the poor and the rich.
8. Lack of Facilities and Teacher Shortage in Public Schools
 There are large-scale shortages of facilities across Philippine public
schools - these include classrooms, teachers, desks and chairs,
textbooks, and audio-video materials.
9. Issues with K-12

8. YOU
THANK
DECEMARK A. BERDIN
MAED