The document provides expressions for various language functions including asking for and giving help, asking for and giving information, agreeing and disagreeing, and opening, maintaining, and ending conversations. It also includes grammar explanations for topics such as past perfect tense, prefer/like structures, and linking verbs. The document serves as a reference for language learners to use different expressions in English depending on the communicative situation or context.

1. NARRATIVES

2. Asking for, Giving and Refusing
Help
Asking for Help Giving Help Refusing Help
- Please do me a favor - Don’t worry, I will
help you
- Thanks, but I don’t
really need your help
- Please help me
move the table
- Let me help you - Thanks, but it’s
almost finished
- Would you do me a
favor
- Can I help you
cook?
- I’ll do it for you
- Please do not
bother
- I can manage,
thanks
- Would you please
help me?
- Let me handle it for
you.
- That’s very kind of
you, but I can do it
myself

3. Asking for, Giving and Refusing
Things
 Here are expressions we can use to ask for, give
and refuse things
Asking for Things Giving Things Refusing Things
Can I have a
doughnut please?
- Here you are - Thank’s, but I don’t
like doughnut
Would you give me
the cake, please?
-This is the cake. - No, thank you.
- Wil you give me a
drink, please?
- Here is a glass of
iced tea for you
- No, thank you very
much
May I have fruit,
please?
The orange is for you Thank’s but I don’t
like orange

4. Adverb of Place and Time
Here are some adverbs of place
Abroad
There
Upstairs
Outside
Home
Downstairs
Everywhere
Underground
Inside

5. Simple Past Tense / With Irreguler
Verb
 Here Are Some Irreguler Verbs
Vbase Vpast
Beat Beat
Begin Began
Buy Bought
Catch Caught
Choose Chose
Come Came
Cut Cut
Vbase Vpast
Forget Forgot
Hide Hid
Lose Lost
Ride Rode
Run Ran
Sing Sang
Spend Spent

6. Let’s The Pattrens
- With verb past
Positive : Subject + Vpast + (object)
Negatif : Subject + did + Vbase + not + (object)
Introgatif : Did + subject + Vbase + (object)
- With be
Positif : Subject + Was/were + noun/adjective/adverb
Negatif : Subject + Was/were +not + noun/adjective/adverb
Intrrogative : Was/were + subject + noun/adjective/adverb + ?
Positive : Subject + Vpast + (object)
Negatif : Subject + did + Vbase + not + (object)
Introgatif : Did + subject + Vbase + (object)
positive : Subject + was/were + noun/adjective
Negative : Subject + was/were + not +noun/adjective
Introgative : was/were + subject + noun/adjective + ?

7. RECOUNTS

8. ASKING FOR GIVING AND
DENYING INFORMATION
 Here For Expressions to ask for, give and deny
information
Asking for information Giving information Denying information
- Do you know……? - yes, I know that.
it….
- sorry,it’s not true
- Can you tell me…? - Yes, sure.it…. - No.it’s absolutely
- I’d like to know….. - Certainly. It’s - (I’m afraid)
….is/are wrong.
- Will you tell me..? - sure. Some one has
told me that….
- I’m sorry, you’ve
got the wrong
information.

9. Read The Following Dialog
 Here are expression to ask for,give and refuse
to give opinion
Asking for opinion Giving opinions Refusing to Give
Opinions
- What do you thing
about…?
- I think…. - sorry, I don’t have
one.
- What your opinion
about?
- In my opinion - I don’t have any
ideas.
-What is you idea..? - For me - Sorry. I would’t say
anything
- What you wold you
say about….?
- well, I wold say
that…
- I wold’t like to
comment about….

10. Offering Something,Accepting an
Offer and Refusing an Offer
 following readings
Offering something Accepting an Offer Refusing an Offer
- Would you like
some coffee
- Yes I do. Thanks - Sorry, I don’t drink
coffe
- Would you like
puding
- O.K thanks. - Thank you for your
offe, but I’m already
full
- Would you like to
avoid berodem?
- I’d love to , thanks - Thank you, but I
prefer
- I have a few sheets
of paper . You may
have some
- Sure. Thank you - Please don’t
bother, thanks

11. Linking Verb
 Common verbs that are used as linking verbs are
-Be (is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been
-feel, taste, look, smell, sound, seem, appear, become,
grow, get, turn, remain stay
(These verbs are either linking verbs or action verbs)
Read and compare the following the following
sentences
1. -Linking verb : alisa became worried when she
heards the news
-action verbs : alis became a class captain when
she was in grade seven

12. Too and Enough
Patterns examples
Too + adjective or adverb - This t- shirts too tigh for me
- Josh spoke too fast
Too much/many*) + noun - There is too much salt in this
food
- We bought too many envelopes
patterns examples
Adjective/adverb + enough -arman is tall enough to reach
the book on that shelf
- Isna got dressed quickly
enough
Enough + noun -I don’t have enough strength to
lift this box
-there isn’t enough rice for all od
us

13. UNIT 3
NARRATIVES

14. Agreeing and Disagreeing
 Here are expressions to express agreement and
disagreement
Asking for agreement Agreeing disagreeing
-Will you agree
with…..?
-I completely agree. It
is a good idea
-I’m sorry. I don’t think
it’s a good idea
-Do you agree or
disagree?
-Yeah, I surely do -I disagree. Sorry
-Do you agree with my
idea
-I agree. In my opinion,
you are right
-Sorry, I have to
disagree with you
- Would you agree with
it?
-I couldn’t agree more -I am not sure I can
agree

15. Responding to a Statements
 Here are expressions we can use to make
statements and respond to them
Stating something Responding to a statements
-I’ve watched the horror movie
conjuring. It’s so terrifying
-Is it? Please tell me about it
-I will go to bangka belitung for
avacation next month
-Sounds great! Have fun there!
-There is a new steak house
near my school. The prices on
the menu are affordable
-Really? Would you like to go
there with me?
-We should join a computer
course
-Surely, we should

16. Showing or Giving Attention When
Someone is Talking
 The following are expressions used to show or give
attention
Informing something showing/giving attention
-Nadya called me last night -really? What did she say
-We will have a camping activity next
week
-That’s good!
-I’m not sure we will finish our work
on time
-Don’t be so pessimistic. We still have
enough time
-We will have a new neighbor -Wonderfull! We will have more
friends

17. Grammar Section
 The word because of and due to are followed by a
noun or noun phrase, while because is followed
by a clause.
see the patterns
- Because + subject + be + noun/adjective/adverb
- Because + subject + verb + object
- Because of/due to + noun/noun phrase

18. Present and Past Participles
Read the following sentences
 The journey to angui’s homeland was long and
tiring
 The scenery surrounding batu hapu cave is amazing
 The merchant was interested to see the diligent
angui
 Angui was ashamed to have an ugly and shabby
mother
The word tiring and amazing are present participles,
while the words interested and ashamed are past
participles. Both participles function as adjective

19. UNIT 4
RECOUNT

20. Opening, Maintaining and Ending a
Conversation
following readings
Opening a convesation
You study at SMP 4 don’t
you?
What a hot day
The beach is beatuful, isn’t
it?
Hello….. How have you
been?
Maintaining a
conversation
The queue is long,
isn’t it?
This is very hot
today.
The sightseeing is
beautiful.
You did it? How?
By the way, your litle
brother is cute.
Any way……
Ending a convertasion
I have something to do. I
have to go now. See you
Well, just have a rest.
Hope you will fell batter
soon. See you.
It’s already six o’clock. I
think it is time to go now

21. Opening, Mainting and Ending a
Telephone Coversation
 Here are expression used to open, maintain and
end a telephone conversation
Opening Telephone
Conversation
Good morning
/afternoon/evening
PT Usaha Makmur Can I
help you?
Hi, Erlin. This is Emily
Calling
Hello, Ghea. This is noval
Maintaining a telephone
Conversation
Do you know when he will
be back?
May I know her cell phone
number?
So, how long ha your phone
been broken?
Ending a Telephon
Conversation
See you
Thanks for calling
Nice talking whit
you
Bye
goodbye

22. Spoken Text
 following readings
the above text is a recount text is spoken
from. It relates the speaker’s experience when
she learned how to make snacks. In a recount
text, we mostly use the simple past tense.

23. Writen Text
 following readings
the above text is a written recount text. It fungsion
to relite past events for the purpose of informing or
intertaining. The sturcture of the text is.
- orientation : provides the setting and introduces
- events : tell what happened, in what
sequence.
- re orientation : optonal closure of events

24. Grammar
 read the following the sentences
Prefer + noun + to + noun
Prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing
Like + noun + more/better than + noun
like + V-ing + more/better than + V-ing
Would radher + Vbase + than +Vbase
Would radher + have + noun + than + noun

25. Pas Perfect Tense
 following readings
Pattrens:
With adverbs of time:
+ S + had + Past participle + (O)
- S + had + not + past participle + (O)
? Had + S + past participle + (O)
Clause 1 (past perfect) + before + clause 2 ( simple past)
Clause 1 (simple past) + after + clause + 2 ( past perfect)
Clause 1 (past perfect) + when + clause 2 (simple past)
When + clause (past perfect), clause 2 (simple past)