1. International human rights law establishes a framework for protecting human rights through UN treaties and regional agreements, with monitoring bodies like CERD.
2. CERD plays a key role in prohibiting racial discrimination and promoting multiracial institutions.
3. NGOs and civil society can participate in the international human rights system by supporting individual complaints, providing information for inquiries, and submitting shadow reports to assess government progress.
Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women
...What is CEDAW?
...Build Up Information
....To Do List
....Characteristics
....Terms & Condition
....Misunderstandings
....Conclusion
Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women
...What is CEDAW?
...Build Up Information
....To Do List
....Characteristics
....Terms & Condition
....Misunderstandings
....Conclusion
CEDAW is the United Nations Women's Equality Treaty.
The United States is the only industrialized nation that has not ratified it. Louisville is part of a national movement called Cities for CEDAW that aims for local implementation of the principles of the treaty. There is so much work to be done to protect and empower girls and women in Louisville, in Kentucky, in the U.S. and all around the world. Contact Rev. Mary Sue Barnett to endorse the coalition and to join the movement.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Child-Friendly Version)Bilal Naqeeb
Child-friendly version with Urdu translation
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a historic document that was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its third session on 10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did not vote.
The Declaration consists of 30 articles affirming an individual's rights which, although not legally binding in themselves, have been elaborated in subsequent international treaties, economic transfers, regional human rights instruments, national constitutions, and other laws. The Declaration was the first step in the process of formulating the International Bill of Human Rights, which was completed in 1966, and came into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them.
UDHR and how it has impacted Indian Constitution and has been a constant inspiration for the judiciary to ensure the widest possible interpretation of constitutional provisions specifically those related to human and fundamental rights.
This slide is about the violence against refugee women and development of law over the period of time in relation to the refugee women. It also talks about the protection of refugees in India through the International Obligations, Constitutional provisions and the case laws.
our essential human rights guaranteed in Part iii of the Indian constitution...Why do we need them? What are those rights? What do they guarantee us with? Lets see,,,
Dr. H. Abdul Azeez: Protection of Human Rights from the Police-Regional SystemsAbdul Azeez H
The measures that are being taken by the Countries to prevent the violation of human rights by the police differ widely in its effectiveness. The disparity among the nations accentuate for super national bodies on regional basis for the effective protection of human rights from the police. There exist European, Inter-American, African, Minsk and Arab regional systems for the protection of Human rights on super national basis. Regional systems also differ in protecting the human rights from the police mainly due to the socio-economic and cultural diversities that exist in the regions. An overview as to how effective is the regional mechanisms in protecting human rights from the police.
CEDAW is the United Nations Women's Equality Treaty.
The United States is the only industrialized nation that has not ratified it. Louisville is part of a national movement called Cities for CEDAW that aims for local implementation of the principles of the treaty. There is so much work to be done to protect and empower girls and women in Louisville, in Kentucky, in the U.S. and all around the world. Contact Rev. Mary Sue Barnett to endorse the coalition and to join the movement.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Child-Friendly Version)Bilal Naqeeb
Child-friendly version with Urdu translation
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a historic document that was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its third session on 10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did not vote.
The Declaration consists of 30 articles affirming an individual's rights which, although not legally binding in themselves, have been elaborated in subsequent international treaties, economic transfers, regional human rights instruments, national constitutions, and other laws. The Declaration was the first step in the process of formulating the International Bill of Human Rights, which was completed in 1966, and came into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them.
UDHR and how it has impacted Indian Constitution and has been a constant inspiration for the judiciary to ensure the widest possible interpretation of constitutional provisions specifically those related to human and fundamental rights.
This slide is about the violence against refugee women and development of law over the period of time in relation to the refugee women. It also talks about the protection of refugees in India through the International Obligations, Constitutional provisions and the case laws.
our essential human rights guaranteed in Part iii of the Indian constitution...Why do we need them? What are those rights? What do they guarantee us with? Lets see,,,
Dr. H. Abdul Azeez: Protection of Human Rights from the Police-Regional SystemsAbdul Azeez H
The measures that are being taken by the Countries to prevent the violation of human rights by the police differ widely in its effectiveness. The disparity among the nations accentuate for super national bodies on regional basis for the effective protection of human rights from the police. There exist European, Inter-American, African, Minsk and Arab regional systems for the protection of Human rights on super national basis. Regional systems also differ in protecting the human rights from the police mainly due to the socio-economic and cultural diversities that exist in the regions. An overview as to how effective is the regional mechanisms in protecting human rights from the police.
In order to provide a time frame during which Governments and organizations could implement the activities recommended in the World Programme of Action, the General Assembly proclaimed 1983-1992 the United Nations Decade of Disabled Persons*.
With regard to education and employment of persons with disabilities, the General Assembly adopted the “Tallinn Guidelines for Action on Human Resources Development in the Field of Disability” in 1989**. They provided a framework for promoting participation, training and employment of persons with disabilities within all government ministries and on all levels of national policy-making in order to equalize opportunities for persons with disabilities.
In 1991, the General Assembly adopted the Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care***. The resolution’s twenty-five principles defined fundamental freedoms and basic rights of persons with mental illness.
1. International Human Rights Law and
CERD – The Framework for Civil Society
Participation
Kris Gledhill
Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of
Auckland; Director, NZ Centre for Human
Rights Law, Policy and Practice
2. Outline and Aim
• Outline International Framework for
Protection of Human Rights (including
reference to regional mechanisms)
• Role of CERD in this Framework
• Outline of International Mechanisms
• Introduction to Role of NGOs in the
International Mechanisms
3. Introductory Comments
• The age of human rights – usually traced to the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UN 1948) – ie
post WWII and post Great Depression of the 1930s: one
of the first significant acts of the UN
• UN Charter 1945 set out plans to develop human rights:
the UN Economic and Social Council established a
Commission on Human Rights, which was replaced in
2006 by the UN Human Rights Council)
• Has also promulgated various human rights treaties.
4. UN Bill of Rights, Core Treaties
and Monitoring Bodies
• ICERD - International Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination, 21 Dec 1965; CERD
• ICCPR and Optional Protocols 1, 16 Dec
1966, and 2, 15 Dec 1989; HRC
• ICESCR and Optional Protocol, 10 Dec
2008; CESCR
5. Further Treaties
• CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of Discrimination against Women, 18 Dec
1979; OP, 10 December 1999; CEDAW
• CAT - Convention against Torture and Other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment, 10 Dec 1984; OP 18 Dec 2002;
CAT
• CRC - Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20
Nov 1989; OP 1 (armed conflict) and OP 2
(trafficking), 25 May 2000; CRC
6. Further Treaties
• ICRMW - International Convention on the
Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families,
18 Dec 1990; CMW
• CPED - International Convention for the
Protection of All Persons from Enforced
Disappearance, 20 Dec 2006; CPED
• CRPD - Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities, and OP, 13 Dec
2006; CRPD
7. Regional Treaties
• Council of Europe
• Organisation of American States
• African Union
• League of Arab States
8. International and Domestic Law
• State sovereignty
• Monism and Dualism
• International Human Rights Law and Impact
in Domestic Law:
– Basic Obligation to Enforce (choice of means left
to state)
– Horizontal Effect
• International stewardship through Human
Rights Council and Treaty-based Committees
– Monitoring, Complaints and Inquiries
9. Role of CERD
• Fundamental value of equality: made clear from both the
general (ICCPR and ICESCR) and the various specialist
Conventions
• CERD – Art 2 obligation to prevent racial discrimination
(negative obligation) and encourage multiracial
institutions (positive obligation)
• Supplemented by various additional specifics:
– Art 4 – duty to criminalise incitement to racist hatred and
discrimination, and organisations based on such propaganda
– Art 5 – need to ensure equality in relation to both civil and
political rights and also economic social and cultural rights
10. International Human Rights Law – 1. Treaty
Based Bodies
• Human Rights Committee (CCPR)
• Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR)
• Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
(CERD)
• Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
(CEDAW)
• Committee against Torture (CAT) &
Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture (OPCAT) - Sub
• Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
• Committee on Migrant Workers (CMW)
• Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
• Committee on Enforced Disappearance (CED)
11. International Human Rights Law – 2.
Charter Based Bodies
• Human Rights Council
– Universal Periodic Review – ie general review
of manner in which a country lives up to its
obligations under international human rights
treaties; each state is reviewed every 4 years
– Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council
– looking at thematic issues around the
World, or at the situations in particular
countries
12. Types of Work – Individual
Complaints
• Complainants
– Any individual who claims that her or his rights have under the
covenant or convention have been violated by a State party to
that treaty: may be represented
• The Human Rights Committee may consider individual
communications relating to States parties to the
First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political
; [NZ signed and ratified 1989; Australia in 1991]
• The CEDAW may consider individual communications relating to
States parties to the
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination A
; [NZ signed and ratified in 2000, Australia in 2008]
13. Individual Complaints - cntd
• The CAT may consider individual communications relating to States
parties who have made the necessary declaration under
article 22 of the Convention Against Torture; [NZ made the
declaration in 1989, Australia in 1993]
• The CERD may consider individual communications relating to
States parties who have made the necessary declaration
under article 14 of the Convention on the Elimination of Racial
Discrimination; [NZ has NOT; Australia DID in 1993] and
• The CRPD may consider individual communications relating to
States parties to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the
Rights of Persons with Disabilities. [NZ has NOT; Australia DID in
2009]
14. Developments
• Human Rights Council is establishing a complaint
procedure
• The ICESCR has a monitoring committee, the CESCR –
will be able to consider communications when the
Optional Protocol of 2008 comes into force: [NZ has
NOT signed this; nor has Australia]
• The Convention on Migrant Workers also contains
provision for allowing individual communications to be
considered by the CMW; these provisions will become
operative when 10 states parties have made the
necessary declaration under article 77.
15. Types of Work – Inquiries
• The Committee Against Torture and
theCommittee on the Elimination of
Discrimination Against Women may, on their
own initiative, initiate inquiries if they have
received reliable information containing well-
founded indications of serious or systematic
violations of the conventions in a State party.
• Special Procedures - also involve investigations
as part of their Human Rights Council mandate
16. Types of Work – Country
Reports
• Treaty monitoring bodies and country
reports: central obligation under the
various human rights treaties
• Human Rights Council and Universal
Periodic Review
• Human Rights Council and Special
Procedures (which can be country
specific)
17. Role for NGOs and Civil Society
• Supporting of individual complaints (eg
specialist law centres – Interights, Aire
Centre, MDAC)
• Collating information to feed into inquiries
• Shadow reporting process encouraged by
both Human Rights Council (which allows
civil society to set agenda) and Treaty
Monitoring Bodies (which use shadow
reports to test government accounts of
progress)