The document provides background information on the American Revolutionary War between the British Army and the 13 American colonies seeking independence. It discusses key people and events, including Paul Revere's ride to warn of approaching British forces, the Battles of Lexington and Concord that marked the start of armed conflict, and Thomas Paine's influential pamphlet "Common Sense" that increased support for separation from Britain.

1. Patrick Henry

2. Warm Up What is your definition of liberty? What is the price of liberty? What would you give up to have liberty?

3. American Revolution Fought between Great Britain and the 13 American Colonies British Army vs. Continental Army Colonies are fighting to win independence from Britain

4. People in the Colonies The Colonies were split in their opinion about revolution People who supported the Revolution were called Patriots People who supported Great Britain and King George were called Loyalists or Tories People who were unsure of what side to support were called Neutrals

5. British Army Largest and most powerful army in the world Soldiers enlisted or joined as a career and were well trained Soldiers were known as Redcoats Lead by experienced generals such as Thomas Gage, William Howe, John Burgoyne, and Charles Cornwallis

6. Redcoats They are British soldiers They wore red coated uniforms. Their red coats made them easier to see and shoot at.

7. Continental Army Small army without many supplies Soldiers were farmers, fishermen, and businessmen Soldiers were known as Minutemen Lead by generals with little to no experience, such as George Washington, Henry Knox, Nathanael Greene, Horatio Gates, and Benedict Arnold

8. Minutemen Members of the Militia. Not professional soldiers. They get their name from their ability to get ready for battle in under a minute.

9. Militia A small army of volunteer soldiers that represent a single colony The Continental Army was made up of Militias

10. Continental Congress A gathering of colonial leaders in Philadelphia to discuss the relationship between Britain and the colonies. Met 1 st in 1774, and a 2 nd time in1775

11. Warm Up What were some strengths and weaknesses of the British and Continental Armies at the start of the Revolution? Start a T-Chart to record your answers. Use bullet points.

12. Advantages British Army- at the start of the war they had more soldiers, more resources, and more experience. Continental Army- at the start of the war they knew the land they were fighting on, and were fighting for a cause they believed in.

13. Warm Up Copy the information in the T Chart on the board into your notes. “ A long habit of not thinking a thing wrong, gives it a superficial appearance of being right.”- Thomas Paine What do you think this means? Do you agree with Paine’s quote?

14. Paul Revere’s Ride Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott ride to Lexington and Concord, outside Boston, to warn that the British army is marching. They ride on the night of April 18, 1775. Revere is captured after leaving Lexington. Dawes continues to warn Concord.

15. Battle at Lexington British soldiers reach Lexington on April 19, 1775. 70 Minutemen wait for them. The Minutemen are lead by Captain John Parker. Battle lasts a few minutes. 8 Minutemen die and 10 are injured.

16. Battle at Concord Samuel Prescott warns Concord the British are coming. People hide the weapons the British want. The British set buildings on fire. Minutemen shoot at the British. “ Shot heard ‘round the world.” Also occurs on April 19, 1775

17. Fort Ticonderoga In May of 1775, Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold capture the British fort in New York In March of 1776, Henry Knox is sent to the fort to get its cannons. Knox brings the cannons back to Boston.

18. Battle of Bunker Hill On June 16, 1775, the British attack Patriots stationed on Bunker and Breeds Hill outside of Boston. The British attack twice and fail. On the third try the British force the Patriots to retreat. Even though they lose, the Patriots prove they could fight with the British.

19. Dorchester Heights General Washington sends Colonel Henry Knox back to Ticonderoga to get more weapons. In March of 1776, they put cannons on Nook’s Hill aimed at Boston. Washington proved he could outmaneuver General Gage.

20. Common Sense In January of 1776, Thomas Paine writes a short book called Common Sense. Common Sense is written so that all colonists can read and is distributed throughout the colonies. This increases the support for separation from England

21. Common Sense Arguments The British control over the economy has limited the colonists’ trade The people of Boston suffer under the Intolerable Acts An island should not rule a Continent The British are jealous of the Colonies

22. Thomas Paine

23. Thomas Paine Thomas Paine agreed with Patrick Henry and thought the colonies should revolt against the King of England. Do you agree with them, or would you remain loyal to the king?

24. Directions Get into pairs and get a textbook page 118. Pretend you are a colonist who has read Common Sense Create a poster advertising Common Sense and supporting Paine’s ideas.