The document defines various types of loads that should be considered in structural analysis, including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and earthquake loads. It provides details on how to apply these loads in both positive and negative directions of the X and Z axes. It also lists load combinations that should be analyzed according to Indian standards, including combinations for limit states of collapse and serviceability. The load combinations include factors for dead, live, wind, and earthquake loads.

1. Basic Loads
1) EQX (Earthquake force in X direction)
a. EQX (+) (in increasing direction of X axis)
b. EQX (-) (in decreasing direction of X axis)
2) EQZ (Earthquake force in Z direction)
a. EQZ (+) (in increasing direction of Z axis)
b. EQZ (-) (in decreasing direction of Z axis)
3) Dead Load
a. Nodal Load
b. Line Load
c. Floor Load
d. UDL/ UVL etc.
4) Live Load
a. Floor Load
5) WLX (+)
a. WLX (+) (in increasing direction of X axis)
6) WLX (-)
a. WLX (-) (in decreasing direction of X axis)
7) WLZ (+)
a. WLZ (+) (in increasing direction of Z axis)
8) WLZ (-)
a. WLZ (-) (in decreasing direction of Z axis)
Load Combinations:
(As per IS 456:2000 Table No. 18 (pg. No. 68))
Sr.
No.
Load combination FOR LIMIT STATE OF
COLLAPSE
FOR LIMIT STATE OF
SERVICEABILITY
DL LL WL/EQ DL LL WL/EQ
1 DL + LL 1.5 1.5 - 1.0 1.0 -
2 DL + WL/EQ
1) DL
contributing to
stability
0.9 - 1.5 1.0 - 1.0
2) DL assisting
over turning
1.5 - 1.5
1.0 - 1.0
3 DL + LL + WL/EQ 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8

2. FOR LIMIT STATE OF
SERVICEABILITY (STAAD Pro.)
FOR LIMIT STATE OF
COLLAPSE
1) DL + LL
2) DL + WL
a. DL + WLX (+)
b. DL + WLX (-)
c. DL + WLZ (+)
d. DL + WLZ (-)
3) DL + EQ
a. DL + EQX (+)
b. DL + EQX (-)
c. DL + EQZ (+)
d. DL + EQZ (-)
4) DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 WL
a. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 WLX (+)
b. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 WLX (-)
c. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 WLZ (+)
d. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 WLZ (-)
5) DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 EQ
a. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 EQ X (+)
b. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 EQ X (-)
c. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 EQ Z (+)
d. DL + 0.8 LL + 0.8 EQ Z (-)
1) 1.5 DL + 1.5 LL
2) 0.9 DL + 0.9 WL
a. 0.9 DL + 1.5 WLX (+)
b. 0.9 DL + 1.5 WLX (-)
c. 0.9 DL + 1.5 WLZ (+)
d. 0.9 DL + 1.5 WLZ (-)
3) 0.9 DL + 0.9 EQ
a. 0.9 DL + 1.5 EQ X (+)
b. 0.9 DL + 1.5 EQ X (-)
c. 0.9 DL + 1.5 EQ Z (+)
d. 0.9 DL + 1.5 EQ Z (-)
4) 1.5 DL + 1.5 WL
a. 1.5 DL + 1.5 WLX (+)
b. 1.5 DL + 1.5 WLX (-)
c. 1.5 DL + 1.5 WLZ (+)
d. 1.5 DL + 1.5 WLZ (-)
5) 1.5 DL + 1.5 EQ
a. 1.5 DL + 1.5 EQ X (+)
b. 1.5 DL + 1.5 EQ X (-)
c. 1.5 DL + 1.5 EQ Z (+)
d. 1.5 DL + 1.5 EQ Z (-)
6) 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 WL
a. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 WLX (+)
b. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 WLZ (-)
c. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 WLX (+)
d. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 WLZ (-)
7) 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 EQ
a. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 EQ X (+)
b. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 EQ Z (-)
c. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 EQ X (+)
d. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL + 1.2 EQ Z (-)