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Basic First_Aid_Fire_Fighting System - JIIT SECTOR-62 NOIDA.ppt
- 1. Basic Fire SafetyTraining Basic Fire Safety Training WELCOME
- 2. Purpose for Training Purposefor Training To propagate a comprehensive awareness among the common persons for their own safety at work place/home. “Prevention is better than cure” 2 JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY NOIDA, SECTOR – 62
- 3. OBJECTIVES: 3 •This program removesthe fear of fire and gives confidence to you in handling fire emergencies in the initial stage before it is spreading. •Upon completion of this learning event the learner will demonstrate knowledge of how to respond a fire Emergency. After this training you should be able to: • IDENTIFY common classes of fires • SELECT the proper type of extinguisher • EVALUATE when it is safe to fight at “early-stage” fire
- 4. Un controlledFire leaves desolation, ruins, and often impairs production. Fire is easy to start, hard to control and very difficult to extinguish. Fire is a very useful tool in daily life, if uncontrolled or at unwanted places is dangerous and devastating. A small flame can get completely out of control in seconds and turn into a major fire. It can fill up a building with black thick smoke very quickly. The losses can be minimized by exercising the fire preventive measures. There is very short time to “ESCAPE”. “ “Fire is a good servant but a bad master” Fire is a good servant but a bad master” Introduction Introduction 4
- 5. Fire Safety Fire Safety Firesafety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. 5
- 6. Some common firehazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Smoking 6
- 7. Fire prevention meansthe efforts for eliminating the outbreak of fires by adopting all possible precautionary safety measures. Good House Keeping Correctly installed wiring Never overload circuits or extension cords Do not place cords and wires under rugs, over nails shut off and unplug appliances that sputter or spark When using appliances follow the safety precautions. Unplug appliances when not in use. Use safety caps to cover all unused outlets. Periodically maintenance of machines Proper storage of combustible and flammable liquid Fire Exit clear of any obstruction Fire Fighting equipment clear of any obstruction Welding/Cutting with fire safety precautions. 7
- 8. Our Responsibilities ina Fire Situation are: – Recognize a fire condition. – Raise the fire alarm by activating the nearest manual call point, if available. – Evacuate the building by the nearest Exit/ Fire Exit. – Call the Fire Service – Attempt to extinguish the fire (if it is still at an incipient stage) with suitable first-aid fire-fighting equipment available such as fire extinguisher or water hose reel without taking unwarranted personal risk. 8
- 9. Our Responsibilities ina Fire Situation are: ─Don’t expose yourself to the heat and the by-products of the fire ─The exit is clear, there is no imminent peril and you can fight the fire with your back to the exit. ─If your clothing is on fire, STOP, DROP and ROLL on the ground to extinguish the flames. If you are within a few feet of a safety shower or fire blanket, you can use these instead. 9
- 10. What happens ifa fire occurs? •Not all materials burn the same way. •That is why all materials are grouped into the Classification of Fire. •This determines how you can extinguish the fire. •Where are the manual call points..? •Where are the fire extinguishers located..? •Where are the fire hose reels..? •Where are Fire Exits? 10
- 11. MANUAL CALL POINT 11 “Pulldown lever/handle” “Break-glass “Push-button”
- 12. Fire is achemical reaction between Fuel and Heat in presence of Oxygen. To generate fire, heat, fuel and oxygen is essentially required in balance ratio. WHAT IS FIRE ? 12
- 13. The Fire Triangle Threethings are needed for conditions to be right for a fire to get started. 13
- 14. THE FIRE TETRAHEDRON 14 Representsthe “flaming” mode of combustion The chemical chain reaction has been added to properly represent a “burning” fire. If one of these four items are taken away, the fire will extinguish.
- 15. FIRE F = Find I=Inform R= Restrict E = Extinguish 15 It is everyone's duty to understand the words of FIRE and follow them.
- 16. METHODS OF FIRE METHODSOF FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT EXTINGUISHMENT 16
- 17. METHODS OF FIRE METHODSOF FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT EXTINGUISHMENT 17
- 18. METHODS OF FIRE METHODSOF FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT EXTINGUISHMENT 18
- 19. CLASS A MATERIALS ARE: 19 Solids •Wood • Paper • Plastic • Rubber • Coal Classification of Fire
- 20. HOW TO EXTINGUISHA CLASS A FIRE 20 Adding water Class A fires only Use a fire extinguisher Usually Class A, B & C fires s Put a lid on it, Usually oily rags or paper in a waste container Limit material burning Shovel away material Add rock dust to remaining fuel
- 21. CLASS B MATERIALS ARE: Tuesday,September 23, 2025 21 Liquids • Gasoline, • Oil, • Diesel fuel • Greases, • Hydraulic fluid • Solvent • Paint
- 22. How to extinguisha Class (B) fire Water is Not Water is Not recommended recommended Water can Water can cause the fire cause the fire to spread to spread Remove excess liquid fuel or shut off bottled gas cylinders Put a lid on it Put a lid on it No oxygen, No oxygen, no fire no fire Use a BC or ABC fire extinguishe r Remember: Water shall not be used on fire involving liquid such as oil, petrol and kerosene. 22
- 23. CLASS C MATERIALS ARE: 23 Gassesand “Energized” Electrical Equipment & Cables Always treat “C” fires as though power is still on! Once the power has been removed, you can probably treat it like a Class A or B fire, but remember that cables & equipment can hold electricity even after the power is off!
- 24. Water is Not recommend ed Watercan conduct electricity May not work because of the high temperature of the electric arc Shut off the power May still have A or B fire remaining Use a Co2 or BC or ABC fire extinguisher How to extinguish a Class (C) fire Remember: Water shall not be used on fire energized electrical equipment unless such equipment has been de-energized. 24
- 25. CLASS (D) MATERIALS INCLUDE 25 CombustibleMetals • Magnesium Magnesium • Titanium Titanium • Zirconium Zirconium • Sodium Sodium • Potassium Potassium • Lithium Lithium • Calcium Calcium • Zinc Zinc
- 26. HOW TO EXTINGUISHA CLASS D FIRE 26 Water is Not recommended- The O2 and H2 in the water will accelerate the fire e sodium chloride or ABC or sand Shovel away all materials that can be ignite by the high heat generated Attempt to isolate the fire by covering with sand or rock dust
- 27. CLASSIFICATION OF EXTINGUISHERS 27 Type(s)of fire it can put out
- 28. Safety clip Knob Suitable for: ClassA Fires, where the cooling effect of water is essential for extinction of fires. How to use: ■Remove the safety clip/pin ■Strike the knob with hard object ■Move as close as possible to the fire ■Direct the water jet on the seat of the fire Water Type 28
- 29. Valve Safety clip Discharge horn Suitable for:ClassB and C Fires. How to use: ■Remove the safety clip/pin ■Open the wheel valve fully by turning anti-clockwise direction ■Move as close as possible to the fire ■Direct the discharge horn at the base of the fire Carbon Dioxide Type 29
- 30. Safety pin Lever Discharge horn Suitablefor:Class B and C Fires. How to use: ■Pull the safety pin ■Squeeze the lever ■Move as close as possible to the fire ■Direct the discharge horn at the base of the fire Carbon Dioxide Type 30
- 31. Safety pin Knob Suitable for:ClassB and C Fires. How to use: ■Remove the safety clip/pin ■Strike hard on the knob ■Move as close as possible to the fire ■Direct the discharge towards the near edge of the fire with a rapid sweeping motion ■Drive the fire towards the fire edge until the fire is extinguished. Dry Powder Type 31
- 32. Safety pin Yello w seal Lever Suitablefor:Class A, B and C Fires How to use: ■Hold upright, pull the safety pin and yellow seal ■Squeeze the lever ■Move as close as possible to the fire ■Direct the discharge at the base of the fire with rapid sweeping motion Dry Powder Type 32
- 33. OPERATION OF ANEXTINGUISHER REMEMBER PASS 33 • P = Pull the pin. • A = Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. • S = Squeeze the handle. • S = Sweep from side to side. • The PASS Method will work on all types of extinguishers.
- 34. P.A.S.S. METHOD 34 Pull thepin This will allow you to squeeze the handle in order to discharge the extinguisher
- 35. P.A.S.S. METHOD 35 Aim atthe base of the fire Aiming at the middle will do no good. The agent will pass through the flames.
- 36. P.A.S.S. METHOD 36 Squeeze thehandle This will release the pressurized extinguishing agent
- 37. P.A.S.S. METHOD 37 Sweep sideto side Spray the extinguisher at the base of the fire. Cover the entire area that is on fire. Continue until fire is extinguished. Keep an eye on the area for re-lighting.
- 38. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN FIGHTINGA FIRE 38 • Stay upwind of to the fire. • Operate the extinguisher from a safe distance, several feet away, and then move towards the fire once it starts to diminish. Remember: Aim at the base of the fire, not at the flames!!!!
- 39. SOME FINAL THOUGHTS TRAININGTIPS RULE OF THUMB; WE HEAR-WE TEND TO FORGET WE SEE- WE REMEMBER WE DO- WE UNDERSTAND THE KEY IS INTERACTIVE- HANDS ON TRAINING ON A CONTINUAL BASIS 39
- 40. THANKS AND BE THANKSAND BE CAREFUL CAREFUL 40
Editor's Notes
- #1 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #2 This program removes the fear of fire and gives confidence to you in handling fire emergencies in the initial stage before it is spreading. Upon completion of this learning event the learner will demonstrate knowledge of how to respond a fire emergency.
- #3 This program removes the fear of fire and gives confidence to you in handling fire emergencies in the initial stage before it is spreading. Upon completion of this learning event the learner will demonstrate knowledge of how to respond a fire emergency.
- #4 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #5 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #6 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #7 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #8 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #9 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking
- #10 Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire. Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may impede escape in the event a fire occurs. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting is everyone’s responsibility. Most of the major fire accidents could have prevented in the initial stage by the right action of the nearest persons. Some common fire hazards are: Poor House Keeping Improper maintenance of electrical equipments. Overloaded electrical system Misuse of electrical appliances Incorrectly installed wiring Improper use and maintenance of machines Fuel store areas with high oxygen concentration or insufficient protection Materials that produce toxic fumes when heated Objects that block fire exit Welding/Cutting Combustibles near or around the hot work Lit candles left unattended Smoking