This document discusses engineering controls for workplace safety. It defines engineering controls as methods that eliminate or reduce exposure to hazards through eliminating hazardous materials/processes, substituting less hazardous ones, segregating people from hazards, improving ventilation, and repairing faulty equipment. Engineering controls are reliable, but their effectiveness must be monitored by evaluating if the risk is contained and any new hazards controlled. Administrative controls like training and signage can support engineering controls.
Operational Integrity requires merging three key elements - People, Processes, and Assets - into a well-defined, efficient organization. It aims to safely achieve production and profitability goals. Getting the balance wrong between these elements can have grave consequences. People refers to staffing effectiveness and development. Processes define tasks and responsibilities to support smooth operations. Assets include all equipment needed to drive efficiency. An Operational Integrity Management System provides a framework to navigate risks by establishing procedures across key areas like safety, change management, and emergency preparedness.
The document discusses health, safety, and environment (HSE) management systems and safety culture. It defines safety culture as "the way we do our work in order to prevent injuries from occurring" and notes that elements of a strong safety culture include behavior-based safety, safety-in-design, standard operating practices, safety best practices, and safety management systems. It provides examples of safety practices in offices, with computers, chairs, and desks and also discusses slips, trips, and falls as well as fire/emergency response, conveniences, and vehicle/road safety. It emphasizes that individuals are responsible for their own safety.
The document discusses the 6 elements of a successful safety program:
1. Engineering - Ensuring proper safety equipment, guards, PPE, housekeeping.
2. Education - Providing necessary training to workers on safety procedures.
3. Enforcement - Consistently enforcing safety policies through progressive discipline.
4. Emotion - Considering emotional intelligence and how emotions impact safety.
5. Empathy - Understanding workers' perspectives and caring about their well-being.
6. Empowerment - Giving workers ownership over safety so they police each other. The technical elements are easier but the human elements involving emotions, empathy and empowerment are most critical for an effective safety culture.
This document summarizes conducting a job hazard analysis. It discusses identifying uncontrolled hazards through analyzing the relationship between workers, tasks, tools, and the work environment. It recommends involving employees to discuss potential hazards and accidents. The analysis should look at hazardous conditions, unsafe behaviors, high risk behaviors, risk level, and utilize a format that lists job steps, hazards present, and preventive measures. The goals are to identify what can go wrong, consequences, likelihood, and contributing factors to develop safe job procedures and improve the analysis process.
uction safety has been achieved, the industry still continues to lag behind most other industries with regard to safety. The construction safety of any organization consists of employee’s attitudes towards and perceptions of, health and safety
behaviour. Construction workers attitudes towards safety are influenced by their perceptions of risk, management, safety rules
and procedures. A measure of safety could be used to identify those areas of safety that need more attention and improvement.
The aim of the study was to identify factors in the safety management that any lead project success. these factors influence
construction safety. In this project questionnaire is framed to find safety in major organisations. data is collected on the basis
of questionnaire. Employees of various construction firm are interviewed. Collected data is analysed statistically. this analysis
is show the safety environment among organisation. it also gives suggestion to improve safety at construction site.
This document provides an overview of job hazard analysis (JHA). It explains that a JHA identifies hazards associated with each step of a job in order to develop solutions to remove or control hazards. The document outlines benefits of a JHA such as improved safety, efficiency, planning and selection of qualified workers. It provides guidance on performing a JHA, including questions to consider for each job step and recommended procedures after completing a JHA.
A Human-Centric Approach to Oil & Gas Industry SafetyCognizant
Wearables and other digital hardware can help minimize safety incidents. Monitoring biometrics and alerting workers before they become dangerously mentally or physically fatigued mitigates tiredness as a significant contributing factor in workplace accidents. Applying big data techniques to human behavior enables causal analysis to find the root causes of accidents.
Operational Integrity requires merging three key elements - People, Processes, and Assets - into a well-defined, efficient organization. It aims to safely achieve production and profitability goals. Getting the balance wrong between these elements can have grave consequences. People refers to staffing effectiveness and development. Processes define tasks and responsibilities to support smooth operations. Assets include all equipment needed to drive efficiency. An Operational Integrity Management System provides a framework to navigate risks by establishing procedures across key areas like safety, change management, and emergency preparedness.
The document discusses health, safety, and environment (HSE) management systems and safety culture. It defines safety culture as "the way we do our work in order to prevent injuries from occurring" and notes that elements of a strong safety culture include behavior-based safety, safety-in-design, standard operating practices, safety best practices, and safety management systems. It provides examples of safety practices in offices, with computers, chairs, and desks and also discusses slips, trips, and falls as well as fire/emergency response, conveniences, and vehicle/road safety. It emphasizes that individuals are responsible for their own safety.
The document discusses the 6 elements of a successful safety program:
1. Engineering - Ensuring proper safety equipment, guards, PPE, housekeeping.
2. Education - Providing necessary training to workers on safety procedures.
3. Enforcement - Consistently enforcing safety policies through progressive discipline.
4. Emotion - Considering emotional intelligence and how emotions impact safety.
5. Empathy - Understanding workers' perspectives and caring about their well-being.
6. Empowerment - Giving workers ownership over safety so they police each other. The technical elements are easier but the human elements involving emotions, empathy and empowerment are most critical for an effective safety culture.
This document summarizes conducting a job hazard analysis. It discusses identifying uncontrolled hazards through analyzing the relationship between workers, tasks, tools, and the work environment. It recommends involving employees to discuss potential hazards and accidents. The analysis should look at hazardous conditions, unsafe behaviors, high risk behaviors, risk level, and utilize a format that lists job steps, hazards present, and preventive measures. The goals are to identify what can go wrong, consequences, likelihood, and contributing factors to develop safe job procedures and improve the analysis process.
uction safety has been achieved, the industry still continues to lag behind most other industries with regard to safety. The construction safety of any organization consists of employee’s attitudes towards and perceptions of, health and safety
behaviour. Construction workers attitudes towards safety are influenced by their perceptions of risk, management, safety rules
and procedures. A measure of safety could be used to identify those areas of safety that need more attention and improvement.
The aim of the study was to identify factors in the safety management that any lead project success. these factors influence
construction safety. In this project questionnaire is framed to find safety in major organisations. data is collected on the basis
of questionnaire. Employees of various construction firm are interviewed. Collected data is analysed statistically. this analysis
is show the safety environment among organisation. it also gives suggestion to improve safety at construction site.
This document provides an overview of job hazard analysis (JHA). It explains that a JHA identifies hazards associated with each step of a job in order to develop solutions to remove or control hazards. The document outlines benefits of a JHA such as improved safety, efficiency, planning and selection of qualified workers. It provides guidance on performing a JHA, including questions to consider for each job step and recommended procedures after completing a JHA.
A Human-Centric Approach to Oil & Gas Industry SafetyCognizant
Wearables and other digital hardware can help minimize safety incidents. Monitoring biometrics and alerting workers before they become dangerously mentally or physically fatigued mitigates tiredness as a significant contributing factor in workplace accidents. Applying big data techniques to human behavior enables causal analysis to find the root causes of accidents.
Effective training is essential for successful health and safety management. A proactive approach is required according to standards. One in five employers did not provide any training in 1986-1987, and only 42% hired experienced workers instead of training new employees. Training was only provided to 48% of employees. It is difficult to assess the effects of training separately from other factors influencing safe behavior. Proper selection, supervision, motivation and adherence to procedures all impact safety. The construction sector provides the least training and has a poor safety record. Human error is a factor in many accidents. Using only accident statistics to measure safety performance has limitations. Training can contribute to better measuring safety performance.
Cause of accident and prevention in construction industryYASMINE HASLAN
The document discusses causes of accidents in the construction industry and methods for prevention. It identifies the primary causes of accidents as unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Unsafe acts include operating equipment without authority, disregarding safety procedures, and failure to use personal protective equipment. Unsafe conditions include wet/slippery floors and unguarded machinery. Accident prevention methods discussed include establishing safety policies and regulations, conducting safety trainings, ensuring the use of protective equipment, maintaining safe housekeeping practices, and having emergency response procedures and first aid resources. The document concludes that implementing effective safety measures can significantly reduce accident rates at construction sites.
Discuss the sub elements of worksite hazard analysis
Identify typical hazards in the workplace
Review various techniques that can be used to identify hazards in the workplace
This document provides information about supporting others in working safely, including contributing to WHS processes and hazard identification. It discusses:
- Worker and PCBU responsibilities under WHS legislation to provide a safe workplace. This includes maintaining equipment, facilities, and providing training.
- The roles of health and safety representatives and committees in facilitating consultation between workers and management on WHS matters. Representatives investigate hazards and complaints while committees develop WHS policies.
- The importance of workers proactively maintaining a clean and tidy work area and notifying supervisors of any equipment issues. Workers must also participate in WHS training.
This document discusses health and safety in the oil and gas industry. It covers several topics:
- Management systems for health and safety with planning, performance, assessment, and improvement.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) including responsibilities, hazard assessment, protective clothing, and training.
- Electrical safety including responsibilities, hazards, flash hazard analysis, and qualifications.
- Control of hazardous energy sources including lockout procedures.
- Emergency contingency planning including different plans for shelter in place, administrative closings, and occupant emergencies.
This document identifies hazards, evaluates them, and provides suggestions for managing hazards. It begins by defining a hazard and explaining the importance of hazard identification. It then categorizes hazards and describes methods for identifying them, including by asking questions about tasks. Sources of hazard identification are listed, like safety reports and inspections. Types of hazards like chemical, physical, and ergonomic are broadly categorized. Techniques for hazard evaluation like checklists, what-if analysis, and fault tree analysis are explained. Recommendations provided include using machine guards, trip devices, ventilation, permitting systems, training, and personal protective equipment. Suggestions are made to involve experts and provide resources to improve safety.
This document provides guidance for supervisors to help keep their employees safe at work. It discusses the responsibilities of supervisors in ensuring safety, challenges they may face, and offers suggestions on actions they can take. These include starting each shift with a safety message, acting on all safety concerns, promoting safety inspections, training employees on safety topics applicable to their jobs, and using visual aids and real examples to communicate important safety messages. The goal is for employees to take safety lessons they can apply both at work and at home.
Safety Management Systems - Discourse on safety in the Sri Lankan Constructio...walk_the_safety_talk
"Safety Management Systems"
Discourse on safety in the Sri Lankan construction industry
Sponsored by Orca Aviation Analytics
& hosted by Signature Events
on 27-Mar-2013
This document discusses human factors in safety management and risk governance. It notes that while hazards are understood, human risks can be uncertain. Major accidents tend to focus on hardware over the human experience. Designs increase in complexity but the human element remains unchanged. Three key drivers for effective human factors in safety management are commitment from leadership, cognizance of human and organizational impacts, and competence in safety tools. Predictive analysis can help manage human factors issues. Organizational challenges include properly evaluating the human element and balancing hard and soft skills.
1) The construction industry has one of the highest rates of work-related injuries, though numbers have fallen in recent decades due to improved safety standards. Project managers are legally responsible for ensuring workplace health and safety compliance.
2) A comprehensive health and safety program includes policies, objectives, training, inspections, incident reporting, emergency procedures and medical support. It also requires management and employee participation through joint safety committees.
3) A case study from Singapore described a fatal scaffolding accident caused by permit to work failures, lack of safety equipment and supervision. Proper training, safe equipment, safety programs and inspections could have prevented it.
Human Factors such as stress, fatigue and communication affect many aspects of the finance industry and how people perform in their roles.
In this presentation we'll look at human factors in finance in a bit more detail and explain what can be done to make improvements in performance, procedures, morale and more.
Behavioral based safety is a new approach to workplace safety that focuses on identifying and preventing unsafe behaviors rather than just injuries. It involves employees observing each other and providing feedback on safety behaviors. Data on unsafe behaviors is collected and analyzed to identify risks and recommend solutions like training or barrier removal. The goal is to change behaviors and attitudes to reduce injuries and incident rates over time. Peer observations are non-punitive and aim to have employees understand risks and voluntarily improve safety practices.
iFluids Behaviour based safety services and trainingJohn Kingsley
Behaviour-Based Safety: The blame game
An entire department is given bingo cards. The game continues until someone in that department reports a work related injury or illness. At that time, everyone has to turn in his or her markers and the game starts over. Imagine the pressure on the poor worker who slices his or her finger or suffers some type of sprain, not to report an injury, because a co-worker is about to reach BINGO and win the VCR or microwave oven.
Sound familiar? Scenarios such as this are growing in frightening proportions as more and more workplaces are adopting behaviour-based safety programs as part of their health and safety arsenal. UFCW Canada opposes this type of so called Health and Safety program as this type of program also encourages workers to spy on their co-workers for working in an unsafe manner
iFluids Management Consulting & Training Services
Six Sigma
Lean Management
Behavioural Based Safety
Safety Management Gap Analysis
Risk Management Profiling
Accident Investigation
Every workplace safety program has a foundation. These key elements construct the framework for a solid understanding on how safety works and it empowers and engages everyone on different levels. Once this fundamental understand is achieved, it is easier to develop the policy, written programs, and standard operating procedures to move the process forward.
The two-day master class focuses on system safety engineering and system management safety. Day one covers safety cases and system safety assessments, an overview of IEC functional safety standards, a case study on applying functional safety in replacing emergency shutdown devices, and designing safety instrumented functions to achieve safety integrity levels. Day two focuses on safety management systems, including regulatory requirements, the eight key elements, safety culture, risk management applied to system safety, and hazard identification. Attendees will gain insight and understanding of critical aspects of effective safety programs, standards, risk assessment techniques, and approaches for safe system design.
This document discusses risk assessment and job safety analysis (JSA) for construction projects. It provides definitions and processes for identifying hazards, assessing risks, and analyzing jobs to reduce accidents. Key points include:
- Major construction accidents are often due to lack of knowledge about job steps, hazards, and controls. JSA covers this gap by training workers.
- JSA shall be conducted for critical, non-routine, permit-to-work, and routine tasks. It breaks jobs into detailed safe procedures.
- Risk assessment identifies hazards and evaluates risks to prevent injuries. It is done proactively through risk assessments and reactively through accident investigations.
- The risk assessment process involves identifying hazards and people
Efficient Safety Culture as Sustainable Development in Construction IndustryIJERA Editor
The paper focuses on precaution necessary to prevent avoidable accidents in the construction industries, important water development, building and roads construction in Nigeria. Moreover, appreciate the need for a safe working environment but also precaution necessary for hitch-free operation.
This document provides guidance on conducting a job hazard analysis (JHA). It outlines a 5-step process: 1) prepare and prioritize jobs, 2) break jobs into steps, 3) identify hazards in each step, 4) develop control strategies, and 5) write safe job procedures. Key points include prioritizing hazardous jobs, watching employees to identify steps, describing various types of hazards, and emphasizing engineering controls, PPE, and writing clear procedures using specific language. The overall goal is to recognize hazards, reduce risks, and develop safe work practices through a structured analysis of jobs and tasks.
This document contains a syllabus for an industrial safety engineering module. It discusses the need for safety in industries and defines key safety terms. It covers accident causation theories and the roles of different groups in promoting safety. The Bhopal gas tragedy case study illustrates an industrial disaster. Productivity and its relation to safety are also discussed. Elements of an effective industrial safety program involving engineering, education, enlistment and encouragement are outlined.
The document outlines the core principles of an effective safety program, including front line management leadership and commitment, training and development, auditing work practices, employee involvement, incident investigation, safety communications, regulatory compliance, and operational best practices. It emphasizes the importance of management commitment to safety, employee training, investigating all incidents to identify root causes, and complying with applicable mining regulations to prevent accidents and protect worker health and safety.
Effective training is essential for successful health and safety management. A proactive approach is required according to standards. One in five employers did not provide any training in 1986-1987, and only 42% hired experienced workers instead of training new employees. Training was only provided to 48% of employees. It is difficult to assess the effects of training separately from other factors influencing safe behavior. Proper selection, supervision, motivation and adherence to procedures all impact safety. The construction sector provides the least training and has a poor safety record. Human error is a factor in many accidents. Using only accident statistics to measure safety performance has limitations. Training can contribute to better measuring safety performance.
Cause of accident and prevention in construction industryYASMINE HASLAN
The document discusses causes of accidents in the construction industry and methods for prevention. It identifies the primary causes of accidents as unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Unsafe acts include operating equipment without authority, disregarding safety procedures, and failure to use personal protective equipment. Unsafe conditions include wet/slippery floors and unguarded machinery. Accident prevention methods discussed include establishing safety policies and regulations, conducting safety trainings, ensuring the use of protective equipment, maintaining safe housekeeping practices, and having emergency response procedures and first aid resources. The document concludes that implementing effective safety measures can significantly reduce accident rates at construction sites.
Discuss the sub elements of worksite hazard analysis
Identify typical hazards in the workplace
Review various techniques that can be used to identify hazards in the workplace
This document provides information about supporting others in working safely, including contributing to WHS processes and hazard identification. It discusses:
- Worker and PCBU responsibilities under WHS legislation to provide a safe workplace. This includes maintaining equipment, facilities, and providing training.
- The roles of health and safety representatives and committees in facilitating consultation between workers and management on WHS matters. Representatives investigate hazards and complaints while committees develop WHS policies.
- The importance of workers proactively maintaining a clean and tidy work area and notifying supervisors of any equipment issues. Workers must also participate in WHS training.
This document discusses health and safety in the oil and gas industry. It covers several topics:
- Management systems for health and safety with planning, performance, assessment, and improvement.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) including responsibilities, hazard assessment, protective clothing, and training.
- Electrical safety including responsibilities, hazards, flash hazard analysis, and qualifications.
- Control of hazardous energy sources including lockout procedures.
- Emergency contingency planning including different plans for shelter in place, administrative closings, and occupant emergencies.
This document identifies hazards, evaluates them, and provides suggestions for managing hazards. It begins by defining a hazard and explaining the importance of hazard identification. It then categorizes hazards and describes methods for identifying them, including by asking questions about tasks. Sources of hazard identification are listed, like safety reports and inspections. Types of hazards like chemical, physical, and ergonomic are broadly categorized. Techniques for hazard evaluation like checklists, what-if analysis, and fault tree analysis are explained. Recommendations provided include using machine guards, trip devices, ventilation, permitting systems, training, and personal protective equipment. Suggestions are made to involve experts and provide resources to improve safety.
This document provides guidance for supervisors to help keep their employees safe at work. It discusses the responsibilities of supervisors in ensuring safety, challenges they may face, and offers suggestions on actions they can take. These include starting each shift with a safety message, acting on all safety concerns, promoting safety inspections, training employees on safety topics applicable to their jobs, and using visual aids and real examples to communicate important safety messages. The goal is for employees to take safety lessons they can apply both at work and at home.
Safety Management Systems - Discourse on safety in the Sri Lankan Constructio...walk_the_safety_talk
"Safety Management Systems"
Discourse on safety in the Sri Lankan construction industry
Sponsored by Orca Aviation Analytics
& hosted by Signature Events
on 27-Mar-2013
This document discusses human factors in safety management and risk governance. It notes that while hazards are understood, human risks can be uncertain. Major accidents tend to focus on hardware over the human experience. Designs increase in complexity but the human element remains unchanged. Three key drivers for effective human factors in safety management are commitment from leadership, cognizance of human and organizational impacts, and competence in safety tools. Predictive analysis can help manage human factors issues. Organizational challenges include properly evaluating the human element and balancing hard and soft skills.
1) The construction industry has one of the highest rates of work-related injuries, though numbers have fallen in recent decades due to improved safety standards. Project managers are legally responsible for ensuring workplace health and safety compliance.
2) A comprehensive health and safety program includes policies, objectives, training, inspections, incident reporting, emergency procedures and medical support. It also requires management and employee participation through joint safety committees.
3) A case study from Singapore described a fatal scaffolding accident caused by permit to work failures, lack of safety equipment and supervision. Proper training, safe equipment, safety programs and inspections could have prevented it.
Human Factors such as stress, fatigue and communication affect many aspects of the finance industry and how people perform in their roles.
In this presentation we'll look at human factors in finance in a bit more detail and explain what can be done to make improvements in performance, procedures, morale and more.
Behavioral based safety is a new approach to workplace safety that focuses on identifying and preventing unsafe behaviors rather than just injuries. It involves employees observing each other and providing feedback on safety behaviors. Data on unsafe behaviors is collected and analyzed to identify risks and recommend solutions like training or barrier removal. The goal is to change behaviors and attitudes to reduce injuries and incident rates over time. Peer observations are non-punitive and aim to have employees understand risks and voluntarily improve safety practices.
iFluids Behaviour based safety services and trainingJohn Kingsley
Behaviour-Based Safety: The blame game
An entire department is given bingo cards. The game continues until someone in that department reports a work related injury or illness. At that time, everyone has to turn in his or her markers and the game starts over. Imagine the pressure on the poor worker who slices his or her finger or suffers some type of sprain, not to report an injury, because a co-worker is about to reach BINGO and win the VCR or microwave oven.
Sound familiar? Scenarios such as this are growing in frightening proportions as more and more workplaces are adopting behaviour-based safety programs as part of their health and safety arsenal. UFCW Canada opposes this type of so called Health and Safety program as this type of program also encourages workers to spy on their co-workers for working in an unsafe manner
iFluids Management Consulting & Training Services
Six Sigma
Lean Management
Behavioural Based Safety
Safety Management Gap Analysis
Risk Management Profiling
Accident Investigation
Every workplace safety program has a foundation. These key elements construct the framework for a solid understanding on how safety works and it empowers and engages everyone on different levels. Once this fundamental understand is achieved, it is easier to develop the policy, written programs, and standard operating procedures to move the process forward.
The two-day master class focuses on system safety engineering and system management safety. Day one covers safety cases and system safety assessments, an overview of IEC functional safety standards, a case study on applying functional safety in replacing emergency shutdown devices, and designing safety instrumented functions to achieve safety integrity levels. Day two focuses on safety management systems, including regulatory requirements, the eight key elements, safety culture, risk management applied to system safety, and hazard identification. Attendees will gain insight and understanding of critical aspects of effective safety programs, standards, risk assessment techniques, and approaches for safe system design.
This document discusses risk assessment and job safety analysis (JSA) for construction projects. It provides definitions and processes for identifying hazards, assessing risks, and analyzing jobs to reduce accidents. Key points include:
- Major construction accidents are often due to lack of knowledge about job steps, hazards, and controls. JSA covers this gap by training workers.
- JSA shall be conducted for critical, non-routine, permit-to-work, and routine tasks. It breaks jobs into detailed safe procedures.
- Risk assessment identifies hazards and evaluates risks to prevent injuries. It is done proactively through risk assessments and reactively through accident investigations.
- The risk assessment process involves identifying hazards and people
Efficient Safety Culture as Sustainable Development in Construction IndustryIJERA Editor
The paper focuses on precaution necessary to prevent avoidable accidents in the construction industries, important water development, building and roads construction in Nigeria. Moreover, appreciate the need for a safe working environment but also precaution necessary for hitch-free operation.
This document provides guidance on conducting a job hazard analysis (JHA). It outlines a 5-step process: 1) prepare and prioritize jobs, 2) break jobs into steps, 3) identify hazards in each step, 4) develop control strategies, and 5) write safe job procedures. Key points include prioritizing hazardous jobs, watching employees to identify steps, describing various types of hazards, and emphasizing engineering controls, PPE, and writing clear procedures using specific language. The overall goal is to recognize hazards, reduce risks, and develop safe work practices through a structured analysis of jobs and tasks.
This document contains a syllabus for an industrial safety engineering module. It discusses the need for safety in industries and defines key safety terms. It covers accident causation theories and the roles of different groups in promoting safety. The Bhopal gas tragedy case study illustrates an industrial disaster. Productivity and its relation to safety are also discussed. Elements of an effective industrial safety program involving engineering, education, enlistment and encouragement are outlined.
The document outlines the core principles of an effective safety program, including front line management leadership and commitment, training and development, auditing work practices, employee involvement, incident investigation, safety communications, regulatory compliance, and operational best practices. It emphasizes the importance of management commitment to safety, employee training, investigating all incidents to identify root causes, and complying with applicable mining regulations to prevent accidents and protect worker health and safety.
This document summarizes the key topics covered in Lecture 1 of an Occupational Safety and Health course presented by Mr. O.M. Nzimah. The lecture covered the foundations of occupational safety and health, including defining important terms like hazards, risks, accidents, and occupational diseases. It also discussed the goals of occupational safety and health programs, which include protecting worker health and adapting work environments to physical and mental needs. Additionally, the lecture explained the components of effective safety and health management systems, such as management commitment, employee involvement, training, hazard identification, and prevention/control. Employers are encouraged to implement robust management systems to comply with legal duties, reduce costs from accidents, and protect workers' well-being.
Worker safety trainings are the most essential foundation block for building a safety culture in any organisation. Worker skill training and capacity building is unique and to be designed, developed and delivered with proper competence & focus.
The #KnowledgeReport on Worker Safety Skill Training –foundation for a sustainable safe workplace is here!
Launched at ICC Industrial Safety and Surveillance Conclave 2018
Download the full knowledge report!
https://www.consultivo.in/news-events/knowledge-partner-icc-safety-conclave/
#Consultivo #KnowledgeIsPower #KnowledgeReport #WorkerSafetySkillTraining #SafetyCulture
This document provides a step-by-step hazard management tool to help workplaces recognize, assess, and control workplace hazards. It was developed by several Ontario health and safety organizations. The tool involves recognizing hazards, assessing their likelihood and severity of harm, establishing control priorities, implementing controls, and ongoing evaluation of hazards and controls. Effective hazard management requires a team approach and supports Ontario's Internal Responsibility System which makes all parties responsible for workplace health and safety.
An accident prevention program is designed to decrease workplace accidents through policies, procedures, and safety activities. Effective programs include hazard identification, risk assessment, control measures, training, and monitoring. Implementing an accident prevention program can provide benefits like reduced accident risks and costs, improved employee morale, increased productivity, and compliance with regulations. Companies should choose a program based on their hazards, size, budget, and employee needs. Programs are evaluated by tracking accidents and reviewing inspections. Emerging trends include using artificial intelligence and wearable tech for monitoring. A case study shows how Amazon successfully reduced musculoskeletal disorders in warehouses through a comprehensive prevention program.
Developing Accident Avoidance Program for Occupational Safety and Healththeijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
All employers have a legal responsibility to manage health and safety in the workplace. This includes ensuring a risk assessment is completed to identify hazards and implement control measures.
Risk assessments must be carried out by a competent person with the necessary training, skills, experience and knowledge to identify hazards, determine the likelihood of harm, and decide on suitable controls.
The risk assessment process requires identifying potential hazards, evaluating the risks, recording the findings, and regularly reviewing and updating the assessment. Employers must provide instruction and information to employees so they understand the risks and can work safely.
Safety Inspections and Sample Safety Inspection.Health and safety training D...Salman Jailani
Safety Inspections and Sample Safety Inspection.Health and safety training Definition of risk WHAT ARE PERMITS-TO-WORK
Mechanical Engineering
00923006902338
Week 1 of the course introduces key concepts of safety, health and the environment. It discusses the importance of prioritizing safety and health, as not doing so can result in criminal penalties for companies and individuals. Employers have a duty to conduct risk assessments, provide training and advice to employees, and assess risks that may disproportionately impact certain groups. Accidents are discussed, including near misses which should be addressed as they can indicate risks that could lead to future injuries if not corrected. Hazards in the workplace must be recognized, evaluated, and controlled through formal inspections, procedures, training, and open reporting of issues. Loss control is important to prevent occupational injuries, illnesses and property damage through prompt response to evidence of hazards,
Study on safety management of small and medium scale industries in tamilnadueSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document discusses occupational health and safety. It defines occupational health and safety as protecting workers' well-being. It outlines key occupational hazards like physical, chemical, mechanical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. It also discusses hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control strategies like elimination, substitution and isolation. It covers common signs and symbols used and hazards computer technicians face. The document stresses implementing safety policies, engaging employees, and monitoring safety performance for continuous improvement.
This document discusses the need for health and safety measures at construction sites. It notes that construction is prone to many hazards due to materials, tools, machinery, and handling techniques used. Accidents can be reduced through proper safety practices. There are several reasons for implementing safety measures, including cost savings from reducing accidents, increased productivity from a safer workforce, moral reasons to minimize human suffering from accidents, and legal compliance with occupational health and safety laws. Maintaining safety is important to protect workers and create a healthy working environment.
IRJET- Factors that Influence Safety Performance & Strategies for Promoti...IRJET Journal
This document discusses factors that influence safety performance and strategies to promote safety culture in power plants. It analyzes safety data from a combined cycle power plant from 2012-2017. The number of contract employees, near miss reports, safety activities, and man hours worked directly impacted safety performance. Near miss reporting helped identify issues and prevent accidents. Promoting safety awareness through training and activities improved the organization's safety culture and performance over time. The lowest injury and lost time rates in 2016-2017 showed the effectiveness of new safety programs and mechanisms implemented at the plant.
The document provides a sample accident prevention program for a restaurant that can be customized for a specific company. It includes sections on management safety policies, employee responsibilities, safety training procedures, hazard communication programs, incident reporting forms, and other resources to help establish an effective workplace safety program. Employers are encouraged to modify the sample as needed to fit their individual business operations and promote a culture of safety.
This document provides an introduction and overview of occupational safety and health management. It outlines the following key points:
- The training objectives are to understand safety management systems, communication channels, workplace hazards, hazard identification and control, incident investigation, and implications of ignoring safety rules.
- Workplace hazards fall under 5 categories and can be identified through walkaround inspections and job hazard analysis. The hierarchy of controls should be followed to control hazards.
- Management must be committed to safety and develop plans, programs, policies, procedures and processes. Ignoring safety can result in injuries, death, fines and lost productivity. Effective communication and incident investigations are also important.
46 ProfessionalSafety FEBRUARY 2017 www.asse.org.docxalinainglis
46 ProfessionalSafety FEBRUARY 2017 www.asse.org
Program Management
Peer-reviewed
P
art 1 of this article (PS, January 2017,
pp. 36-45) discussed the three key elements
of a modern occupational safety program:
engineering and technical standards and controls,
management and operation systems, and human
factors. Each element plays an important role, yet
many organizations continue to stress one at the
expense of the others, which creates an unbalanced
and ineffective OSH program. The human factor is
present in most every incident, yet often the focus
is too narrowly trained on blaming at-risk behav-
iors or unsafe acts rather than on identifying and
addressing the conditions, systems and norms that
enable or cause those errors.
Part 2 of this article examines how employers
can better incorporate engineering and system
elements into worker-oriented initiatives to cre-
ate a more comprehensive approach to OSH and
thereby better understand incident causes, reduce
incident rates, confirm regulatory compliance, and
prevent serious injuries and fatalities.
Proving due diligence
While some allege that companies may use
behavior-based safety (BBS) as due-diligence
or reasonable-care proof in potential litigation
(United Steelworkers Local 343, 2000), in the au-
thor’s opinion, BBS observation documentation
does not appear to be strong in that regard, as it
is typically based on basic observations of work-
ers’ behaviors by nonprofessionals, and often
has nothing to do with recognizing and control-
ling occupational hazards. Traditional regulatory
compliance-based safety systems should be ex-
pected to provide due diligence.
only applicable to “best in class”?
BBS programs are often recommended for best-
in-class companies that already have engineering
controls and systems in place and an excellent
safety culture. Implementation in less-advanced
safety systems may be less ideal.
For example, “Practical Guide for Behavioral
Change in the Oil and Gas Industry,” states:
During the past 10 years, large improvements
in safety have been achieved through improved
hardware and design, and through improved
safety management systems and procedures.
However, the industry’s safety performance has
leveled out with little significant change being
achieved during the past few years. A different
approach is required to encourage further im-
provement. This next step involves taking action
to ensure that the behaviors of people at all lev-
els within the organization are consistent with an
improving safety culture. (Step Change in Safety,
2001)
The potential effect of behavior modifications on
safety performance (incident rates) is illustrated in
Figure 1 (p. 48). The conclusion suggested by Fig-
ure 1 is that significant incident reduction can be
achieved through engineering and systems con-
trols. When those two are addressed, an organi-
zation can then work on behavioral modifications
for further imp.
This document provides an accident prevention plan for XYZ Company. It includes an introduction and safety policy statement from the company president. It outlines management and supervisor responsibilities for safety. It details procedures for employee orientation, emergency action, injury reporting, accident investigation, safety guidelines, disciplinary policy, and a safety awareness program. Appendices include material safety data sheets and safety posters. Forms are also included for OSHA record keeping and additional safety documentation. The plan aims to promote a culture of safety involvement across all levels of the company.
The goal of all safety departments is to prevent injury. Hands are the first thing that get exposed to potential injury. They should be the first thing that is on the minds of safety engineers and workers.
Safety engineers must be careful to select the proper gloves based on the job hazards. Improper selection could prove more dangerous than the actual hazard itself.
Do It Right: A Safety Incentive Platform GuideWorkStride
Incentivizing and rewarding workers for safe behaviors is proven to be effective in improving workplace safety. However, there are times when these programs cause more harm than good. How do you know what type of program will work and be compliant with OSHA regulations?
1. B.1 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Moving Machine Parts have the potential to cause severe
workplace injuries such as crushed fingers or hands, am-
putations, burns or blindness. Safeguards are essential for
protecting workers.
B.1.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
When the operation of a machine or accidental
contact can cause potential injury to the operator or
others in the vicinity, the hazards must be eliminated
or controlled. Any machine part, function, or process
that may cause injury must be safeguarded.
DEFENSE
Moving machine parts have shown to be a major
cause of workplace injuries as they account for 13%
of all injuries.
Figure A – A worker’s loose clothing snags on a
piece of machinery and gets pulled in.
Enclosure
If a hazardous substance or work process cannot be
eliminated or substituted, then enclosing it so workers
are not exposed to the hazard is the next best method
of control.
• Complete enclosure is ideal over partial
• Guards should fit as close as possible
• Guards should still allow for visibility
Isolation
Can be effective if a hazardous job can be moved to
a part of the workplace where fewer people will be
exposed.
• No single method is effective on its own
• Should be used in combination
• Access to work area should be restricted
Figure B – Machine guards protecting gears and
pulleys on a piece of equipment
Ventilation
Can be used for two reasons:
• Control humidity and temperature
• Prevent contaminates from entering area
Without good general ventilation, hazardous agents in
the air can accumulate to a dangerous level.
2. B.1.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
Safeguards must meet these minimum general
requirements:
• Prevent Contact: The safeguard must prevent
hands arms and any other part of an operator’s
body from making contact with dangerous moving
parts
• Secure: Operators should not be able to easily
remove or tamper with the safeguard
• Protect from falling objects: The safeguard should
ensure no objects can fall in to moving parts.
• Create no new hazards: A safeguard defeats its
own purpose if it creates a hazard such as a shear
point, jagged edge, or an unfinished surface that
could cause a laceration.
• Create no interference: Any safeguard that
impedes an operator from performing the job
quickly and comfortably might soon be overridden
or disregarded.
• Allow safe lubrication: If possible, workers should
be able to lubricate the machine without removing
the safeguards.
THEREFORE
There are as many hazards created by rotating,
twisting and spinning machine parts as there are types
of machines. Safeguards are essential for protecting
operators from preventable injuries.
Figure C - Safety sign warning employees of a
machine hazard
REFERENCES
International Labour Organization. Controlling
Hazards. Accessed online 04/11/12. Retrieved
from http://actrav.itcilo.org/actrav-english/
telearn/osh/hazard/hamain.htm
Windau, J. (1997). Worker fatalities from being
caught in machinery. Office of Safety, Health
and Working Conditions, Bureau of
Labor Statistics. Accessed online 04/11/12.
Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/
cfar0028.txt
3. B.2 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Occupational safety and health training is expected to con-
tribute to the goal of reducing occupational risk of injury
and/or disease.
B.2.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
If you have been working in the same job managing
the same routine errands over and over again it is
likely your alertness will be dulled and you will have
a relaxed attitude as you progress through your job.
When job tasks are performed with little conscious
thought, the odds of the ever-present hazards causing
harm to you increase. Furthermore, if you have been
working the same job for many years training may
not seem very important because an accident may
have never happened to you. Training serves as an
important reminder to the dangers and how no one is
immune to accidents.
Employees who receive safety training should be able
to immediately practice and apply new knowledge
and skills. If any employees do not understand the
safety training well enough to use it on the job, the
training is ineffective. It is important for workers to
understand the purpose of safety training sessions
as well as why it will be useful and any possible
consequences that may result from not following
safety rules and procedures.
DEFENSE
Figure A – OSH training (center) as connected to
other employer programs.
Occupational safety and health training in many
companies (especially in manufacturing facilities
or other industries with multiple prevalent hazards)
is a central focus in the organizational goals and
objectives.
Although it has been attempted by many, it is very
difficult to ascertain the true effectiveness of training
due to the complex nature. However, when tied to
other efforts (such as an ergonomics program for
example) safety training has been found by at least
one study to contribute to the prevention of 25% of
the avoided injuries.
One review of relevant literature suggests evidence
has yet to be clearly established when comparing
reduced injuries resulted from knowledge gain
and behavior indicators. Due to the fact training is
never the only factor at play in a safety program it is
difficult to study it alone.
4. B.2.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
Although there is not conclusive evidence showing
exactly how effective occupational safety and health
training can be, there is evidence supporting that
is does contribute in a positive way to help reduce
injuries in the work place if done in an effective
manner.
Occupational health and safety training, while it is
unclear exactly how much benefit it actually does
contribute, should still be an integral part of any
industrial health and safety initiative/program. Due
to the fact OHS training is embedded within a larger
overall hazard control program of an organization it is
likely its effectiveness in reducing workplace illnesses
and injuries depends largely on other factors. One of
the major factors influencing the effectiveness of the
training is culture and upper management’s influence
in company safety culture. With great commitment to
safety from upper management, trickling down to the
regular employee, it is more likely that safety training
will be effective.
Future studies ought to further investigate
effectiveness of a variety of safety programs in order
to determine how the multiple factors all play together
and which, if any, of the training programs are the
most effective.
REFERENCES
Blomberg R, Levy E, Anderson, A. (1988)
Assessing the value of employee training.
Hlth Care Manage Rev 13:63-70Hazard
Control (2012) Canadian Centre for
Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved
from http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/
hsprograms/hazard_control.html
Bureau of Labor Statistics (1997).
Occupational injuries and illnesses: Counts,
Rates, and Characteristics, 1994. Bulletin
2485, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington,
DC
Fiedler FE, Bell Jr. CH, Chemers MM, Patrick D.
(1984)
Increasing mine productivity and safety
through management training and organization
development: A comparative study. Basic &
Appl Psychology 5:1-18.
5. B.3 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Engineering Controls reduce or eliminate exposure to a
chemical or physical hazard in the workplace and are usu-
ally the most effective way to protect workers because they
make changes at the source of the hazards.
B.3.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
Engineering Controls reduce or eliminate exposure
to chemical or physical hazards through one of the
following methods:
• Elimination of a hazardous technique process or
material
• Substitution of a more hazardous technique,
process, or material for a less hazardous one
• Segregation of people from hazards
• Ventilation of the workplace and the source of
contaminants
• Repair or replacement of faulty equipment or
machinery
Figure A – Mold Containment with negative air
pressure
DEFENSE
Employers have a duty of due diligence and are
responsible for taking all reasonable precautions,
under the particular circumstances, to prevent injuries
or accidents in the workplace.
Furthermore, some hazards and their controls
are specifically outlined in legislation and OSHA
regulations along with multiple voluntary standards.
Figure B – An example of a common engineering
control; a fire sprinkler
6. B.3.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
Engineering controls are a very reliable way to control
worker exposures. It is important to monitor both the
hazard and the control method to make sure that the
control is working effectively and that exposure to
the hazard is reduced or eliminated. Monitoring the
hazard can include asking some or all of the following
questions:
• Have the controls solved the problem
• Is the risk posed by the original hazard contained?
• Have any new hazards appropriately controlled?
• Are monitoring processes adequate?
• Have workers been adequately informed about the
situation?
• Have orientation and training programs been
modified to deal with the new situation?
• Are any other measures required?
• Has the effectiveness of hazard controls been
documented in your committee minutes?
REFERENCES
Blink (2010). Engineering Controls for Laboratory
Safety. University of California.
Retrieved from http://blink.ucsd.edu/safety/
research-lab/laboratory/engineering.html
Hazard Control (2012) Canadian Centre for
Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved
from http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/
hsprograms/hazard_control.html
7. B.4 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Utilizing administrative controls are one of three different
approaches safety professionals can use to address a haz-
ard. They are generally considered to be the best choice be-
cause it is the least invasive and is also usually inexpensive.
B.4.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
Administrative controls limit workers’ exposures by
scheduling around hazards. For example, employers
will schedule shorter work times performing tasks
that are hazardous such as twisting a part on an
assembly. Performing a twisting motion too often can
cause ergonomic injuries. By rotating employees in
to this task-driven position the risk of injury is greatly
reduced because no one person will be performing the
task too many times. Other kinds of administrative
controls include work practices, education and
training and emergency preparedness.
Figure A – A cutaway of a hand showcasing
vulnerable physiology
DEFENSE
Out of the three available approaches used to mitigate
hazards (Administrative, Engineering and PPE),
administrative controls are usually the first option
a safety professional will pursue. Administrative
controls involve
• Scheduling maintenance and other high exposure
operations for times when few workers are
present (such as weekends) to reduce the possible
exposures to the hazard
• Using job-rotation schedules that limit the amount
of time a worker is exposed to the substance,
action or the noise
• Using a work-rest schedule that limits the length
of time a worker is exposed to a hazard.
Work practices are a form of administrative controls.
Safe work practices are very important. Some
elements of safe work practices include
• Washing hands after handling material and before
eating, drinking or smoking
• Avoiding touching lips, nose and eyes with
contaminated hands
• No eating or drinking in work areas
• Keeping hazardous chemicals in separate storage
from food or clothing items
8. B.4.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
Administrative controls, while are not enough on
their own to provide for an adequately safe work
environment ought to be a significant part of every
occupational safety program. When combined
with engineering controls and personal protective
equipment (PPE) administrative controls become a
valuable part of a safety program. Administrative
controls include additional relief workers,
exercise breaks and rotation of workers. However,
administrative controls are not without its flaws. They
are prone to human error and cannot be relied upon
to reduce exposure all of the time. Furthermore, the
hazard itself is not reduced- only the exposure to it.
In some situations administrative controls are not
sufficient to mitigate a safety hazard.
For example, if there are exposed moving parts
outside of a machine, there is a large risk for serious
injury regardless of how long a person is around it. All
it would take is one second or less to get injured and
therefore engineering controls or PPE measures ought
to be relied on instead of administrative controls.
Another example where admin controls are not
sufficient are if the workers are exposed to sound over
the level 140dB which is the short term exposure limit
as regulated by the Occupational Safety and health
Administration (O SHA).
Figure B – Picture of the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR)
REFERENCES
Exposure & Controls, www.osha.gov/SLTC/
noisehearingconservation/evaluation.
html. Accessed 4/23/2012
Figure A. collected from http://www.heatedmouse.
com/mouse_hand_warmer_cold_hand_
mousepad_cold-hand-medical-conditions-
photo-album.html
Figure B. collected from http://www.
google. com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&b
w=653&bih=606&tbm=isch&tbnid=HyXZm
ZBum-LMMM:&imgrefurl=http://www.
silverwolfusa.com/industrialhygiene.ht
ml&docid=HONFKZtIg8hASM&imgu
rl=http://www.silverwolfusa.com/images/
index35.jpg&w=315&h=280&ei=hb2V
T6XNA5Cm8gTlwKGFBA&zo
om=1&iact=rc&dur=2&sig=1069637379832
14294584&page=1&tbnh=130&tbnw=145&st
art=0& ndsp=12&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:7
4&tx=62&ty=63
9. B.5 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is required by govern-
ment regulations under a variety of circumstances. However,
PPE should be the last resort and be used only when admin-
istrative and engineering controls.
B.5.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
PPE is defined as: ‘All equipment (including clothing
affording protection against the weather) which is
intended to be worn or held by a person at work
which protects them against one or more risks to their
health and safety’.
PPE includes equipment such as safety footwear, hard
hats, high visibility waistcoats, goggles, life jackets,
respirators and safety harnesses.
Waterproof, weatherproof, or insulated clothing is
subject to the Regulations only if its use is necessary
to protect employees against adverse climatic
conditions that could otherwise affect their health and
safety.
Figure A – A man wearing PPE
DEFENSE
Although PPE is always the last resort and usually
causes discomfort among wearers, in many
circumstances, PPE is the only or last available option
to protect employees from exposure to hazards. In
other cases, however, choosing and wearing PPE is a
secondary safeguard to protect against the possibility
of exposure to hazards.
Figure B – A Chemical Fume Hood
For example, working with chemicals in a chemical
fume hood should not require eye protection or
respiratory protection due to the fact fume hoods
protect against leaking vapors or splashes. Wearing
PPE results in double protection when it is not used as
the only/exclusive solution to hazard protection.
10. B.5.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
mandates the prescribed use of personal protective
equipment to reduce exposure of employees to hazards
when engineering and administrative controls are not
feasible in reducing exposures. A PPE program is
used by the employer to determine what PPE should
be issued. The PPE issued should reflect the hazards
present in the workplace and can protect a worker
from a variety of different injuries when utilized
appropriately. Gloves can prevent chemicals from
being absorbed in through the skin. Hard hats can
protect the head from dropped tools or other falling
objects. Steel toed boots can protect workers’ feet if
a heavy object is dropped. Safety glasses can protect
workers’ eyes from irritants or high speed projectiles.
These are just a few examples of PPE.
REFERENCES
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), (2012) NHS
Health Scotland. Accessed 4/24/2012
from http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/
advice/minimising-workplace-risks/
ppe.aspx#what
Respirators (2011) National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health, Center for Disease control
and Prevention. Accessed on 4/24/12 from
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/respirators/
11. B.6 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Inspections, also called safety audits, are the first step in
most safety programs and are how safety professionals
identify hazards. Perhaps more importantly inspections
give safety pros a way to connect with employees and build
rapport.
B.6.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
By conducting safety audits, a safety professional
can identify potential hazards, flaws in current safety
systems, or missing safety components. Safety
audits/inspections are best done at regular intervals
to keep up with a diverse and ever-changing work
environment. Because employees know their jobs
better than anyone sometimes simply asking the
employee if he or she has any safety concerns can be
a great way to identify hazards and build a positive
working relationship with employees. Once hazards
have been identified and documented a safety
professional makes his recommendations to the area
supervisor for how to resolve any safety issues.
Figure A – Men performing a safety inspection
DEFENSE
Perhaps the most important aspect of a safety
inspection is working with the employee. The
employee knows their job better than anyone. They
are the subject matter experts of what they do.
Because safety professionals may not fully understand
the process of an employees job it is crucial to build
a positive working relationship in order to recruit the
employee to help you find hazards.
Figure B – Occupational Health and Safety
Administration Logo
Regardless of whether or not you believe safety
inspections can be effective they are mandated by the
federal (and many state) governments. It is highly
likely OSHA will issue citations to any company
neglectful of their duty to create a work environment
free of hazards by implementing regular inspections.
12. B.6.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
Whether you believe inspections are important to
reduce the risk of injuries or you believe inspections
are only important to meet OSHA’s minimum
requirements and to avoid citations and fines, there is
no denying safety inspections play an important role in
safety programs. Not only should inspections be done
to identify hazards, but they should be done to open
a channel of communication with employees. This
also emphasizes the need to build a positive working
relationship with employees so that the people who
are working around their equipment or chemicals or
processes every day will learn to openly communicate
their concerns and/or observations with the safety
professional so they can be properly addressed. If this
doorway for communication is not available the safety
program as a whole will suffer and it will likely stymie
the healthy growth of a culture of safety throughout
the entire establishment.
REFERENCES
Figure A collected on 4/26/12 from http://actrav.itcilo.
org/actrav-english/telearn/osh/com/using.htm
Figure B collected on 4/26/12 from http://www.
google.com/imgres?q=osha&um=1&hl=en&s
a=N&biw=653&bih=642&tbm=isch
&tbnid=uQbEYyTcfXMlyM:&imgrefu
rl=http://wellnessuncovered.com/joomla/index.
php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3
Darticle%26id%3D2332:osha-crashes-
mandatory-flu-shot-%26catid%3D43:
vaccination-articles%26Ite
mid%3D12&docid=wYHb40RX8yWsEM&i
mgurl=http://wellnessuncovered.com/joomla/
images/stories/osha.jpg&w=640&h=360&ei=
m4WZT6PkG4Oi9QSQkeGhBg&zoom=1&ia
ct=hc&vpx=98&vpy=335&dur=280&hovh=16
8&hovw=300&tx=170&ty=97&sig=10696373
7983214294584&page=1&tbnh=121&tbnw=2
15&start=0&ndsp=12&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0
,i:144
Mattila, M., Hyodynmaa, M., (2002). Promoting job
safety in building: An experiment on the
behavior analysis approach. Journal of
Occupational Accidents.
13. B.7 Seven Barriers of Safety
What separates you from the hazard
Safety culture encompasses the way in which safety is
perceived, consumed and managed in the workplace.
It reflects the attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and values
employees share in regards to safety in their workplace.
B.7.1 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEORY
Safety culture involves an all-encompassing group
dynamic that reaches clear up to a CEO or President
of a company all the way down to the temporary
hourly worker. Furthermore, if a low level safety
manager and team are trying to promote a healthy
culture of safety, but the upper managers and CEO
do not support safety or put much toward promoting
safety then it is unlikely the culture with survive and
the safety of the business will suffer. Companies with
strong safety cultures tend to be self-governing so
instead of taking risks when safety engineers are not
around to find them out, they keep themselves and
one another to higher standards.
Figure A – Components of safety culture
DEFENSE
In my personal experience as a safety engineer,
working in a company trying to promote safety when
upper managers do not fully support you makes the
job exceedingly difficult. Being underminded by
upper management empowers the employees in a bad
way. It makes them feel as if they will not be held
responsible for unsafe actions or behavior. It makes
them feel as if they do not have to hold themselves
to a high standard because safety regulations are not
strictly enforced. One example of what can happen
when safety regulations are not strictly enforced is
what happened in our workplace in regards to a Lock-
ou Tag-out program that we were unable to strictly
enforce due to a lack of support. The employee knew
he was not to work on a machine before he had
unplugged it and locked it to prevent it from being
plugged back in. He intended to only look at the
machine and not touch. However, because he failed
to properly lock-out the machine before he started
assessing the repairwork needed to be done, he forgot
about the dangers and touched it with a screwdriver.
The electricity arced to his body causing serious
burns and temporary blindness. He spent over a year
in therapy to recover.
If the safety culture was stronger or more pervasive
then the injury could have been prevented.
14. B.7.2 - SEVEN BARRIERS OF SAFETY
Nathan Braymen
THEREFORE
Safety Culture, like culture, is sometimes hard to see
from the inside. It is like a fish swimming in water -
the fish does not really think too much about the water.
Therefore, usually Safety Culture surveys in most
industries are a combination of internal and external
perspectives: the ‘outsider’s view is used to help
make objective the insider’s viewpoint. That being
said, however, it is useful to have a ‘champion’ inside
the organization who can act as an interface between
the survey findings and the staff at all levels. This
champion is typically the Safety Director or Safety
Manager of the organization. An organization’s safety
culture is ultimately reflected in the way in which
safety is managed in the workplace. It is important to
note that an organization’s safety management system
cannot consist of a set of policies and procedures on a
bookshelf.
Safety Culture can have a direct impact on safe
performance. If someone believes that safety is not
really important, even temporarily, then workarounds,
cutting corners, or making unsafe decisions or
judgments will be the result, especially when there is a
small perceived risk rather than an obvious danger.
REFERENCES
Cox, S. & Cox, T. (1991). The structure of employee
attitudes to safety - a European example Work
and Stress, 5, 93 - 106.
Cooper, M.D. (1998) “Improving Safety Culture: A
Practical Guide’
Mattila, M., Hyodynmaa, M., (2002). Promoting job
safety in building: An experiment on the
behavior analysis approach. Journal of
Occupational Accidents.