The document discusses Sri Lanka's balance of payments (BOP) from 2003 to the first half of 2012. Some key points:
- Sri Lanka reported a current account deficit of $2.05 billion in the first half of 2012, with deficits averaging $394.7 million from 2003-2011.
- Exports were $802 million in September 2012, averaging $1.71 billion from 2003-2012, with textiles and garments as the top exports.
- Imports were $1.315 billion in September 2012, averaging $2.72 billion from 2003-2012, with petroleum and textiles as the top imports.
- Services contributed $1.099 billion in 2011, with tourism arri
This paper investigated the performance of FDI in Kosovo. FDI flows
continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. Sector restructuring of
the economy and allocation of FDI has special importance. The development
of manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some
territories of Kosovo is also a challenge that must be resolved because it
will affect economic development, employment generation continued.
Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in
maintaining the balance between the different benefits and a clean
environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some territories of
Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of
barriers to FDI, the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors
are the primary issues that attract investment. Except FDI are in positive
correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human resource
allocation are important in the territories where the population movement
due to the economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords: Flow of FDI, The restructuring of the economy, The allocation of FDI,Environmental concerns.
This paper investigated the performance of FDI in Kosovo. FDI flows
continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. Sector restructuring of
the economy and allocation of FDI has special importance. The development
of manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some
territories of Kosovo is also a challenge that must be resolved because it
will affect economic development, employment generation continued.
Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in
maintaining the balance between the different benefits and a clean
environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some territories of
Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of
barriers to FDI, the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors
are the primary issues that attract investment. Except FDI are in positive
correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human resource
allocation are important in the territories where the population movement
due to the economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords: Flow of FDI, The restructuring of the economy, The allocation of FDI,Environmental concerns.
The positive impact of fdi in many sectors of the economy that Kosovo but not...nakije.kida
Abstract
In this paper is investigated Kosovo great desire to integrate into the global network of investment after
a war. FDI flows continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. The development of
manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some territories of Kosovo is also a
challenge that must be resolved because it will affect economic development, employment generation
continued. Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in maintaining the balance
between the different benefits and a clean environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some
territories of Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of barriers to FDI,
the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors are the primary issues that attract
investment. Except FDI are in positive correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human
resource allocation are important in the territories where the population movement due to the
economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords
Kosovo after the war, impact of FDI, desire for global integration, living standard, sectors,
environment
Study the international Finance at the macro level. In this slide we will see the Current Account situation of several countries and Vietnam on focus (as of 2008).
In slide 2.2 we will see how to Finance the Current Account deficit.
The positive impact of fdi in many sectors of the economy that Kosovo but not...nakije.kida
Abstract
In this paper is investigated Kosovo great desire to integrate into the global network of investment after
a war. FDI flows continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. The development of
manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some territories of Kosovo is also a
challenge that must be resolved because it will affect economic development, employment generation
continued. Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in maintaining the balance
between the different benefits and a clean environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some
territories of Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of barriers to FDI,
the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors are the primary issues that attract
investment. Except FDI are in positive correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human
resource allocation are important in the territories where the population movement due to the
economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords
Kosovo after the war, impact of FDI, desire for global integration, living standard, sectors,
environment
Study the international Finance at the macro level. In this slide we will see the Current Account situation of several countries and Vietnam on focus (as of 2008).
In slide 2.2 we will see how to Finance the Current Account deficit.
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, COMPONENTS & ECONOMIC SURVEYsairajch94
A VERY DETAILED AND ELABORATED PPT ON THE BOP OF INDIA WHERE THE COMPONENTS ARE MENTIONED, THEN A BRIEF OF THE CRISIS OF 1991 IS MENTIONED AND THEN THE DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE ECONOMIC SURVEY OF 2013-14 ARE ALSO FOCUSED UPON.
Role of CFO in the Economic Turnaround - What are the Macro Economic Policies...Resurgent India
The Fiscal expansionary response in India which continued since FY 08-09 to arrest the growth decline resulted in high fiscal deficits. This accompanied by continued Euro Zone crisis and gloomy economic trends in major economies contributed adversely, impacting India's exports negatively.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Abhay Bhutada Leads Poonawalla Fincorp To Record Low NPA And Unprecedented Gr...Vighnesh Shashtri
Under the leadership of Abhay Bhutada, Poonawalla Fincorp has achieved record-low Non-Performing Assets (NPA) and witnessed unprecedented growth. Bhutada's strategic vision and effective management have significantly enhanced the company's financial health, showcasing a robust performance in the financial sector. This achievement underscores the company's resilience and ability to thrive in a competitive market, setting a new benchmark for operational excellence in the industry.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
2. ”The BOP is a systematic record of an
economy’s transactions with the rest
of the world for a specific period of
time (IMF)”
3. Balance Of Payment
• Supply and Demand of Foreign Currency
• Money Going Out / Goods Coming Viz Viz
• Service Going out / Money Coming in Viz Viz
• Interset Coming in /going out
• Transfer coming in / Going out
• How economy survive when there is a Deficit
• Trade Deficit
• Where can Economy acquire money to balance the trade Deficit
• FDI / I P S (inflows to private sector)/Inflows to the Government
• Selling Reserves
• At the end all needs to Balance - BOP
4. CURRENT
ACCOUNT
CAPITAL
ACCOUNT BOP OFFICIAL
RESERVE
NET ERRORS
&
OMMISIONS
5. Trade
Acc
Service Current Current
Trade Acc Transfers
Income
8. Sri Lanka reported a current account deficit equivalent to 2052 Million USD in the first half of 2012.
Historically, from 2003 until 2011, Sri Lanka Current Account averaged -394.7 USD Million reaching an all time
high of 274.0 USD Million in September of 2010 and a record low of -1695.0 USD Million in December of 2011.
Exports - Sri Lanka exports were worth 802 Million USD in September of 2012. Historically, from 2003
until 2012, Sri Lanka Exports averaged 1710.3 USD Million reaching an all time high of 2720.8 USD Million
in March of 2011 and a record low of 680.1 USD Million in April of 2012.
Sri Lanka exports mostly textiles and garments (40% of total exports) and tea (17%). Others include:
spices, gems, coconut products, rubber and fish. Main export partners are United States, United
Kingdom, Germany, Belgium and Italy
Exports from Jan 2012 to Sep. 2012 In 2012 Exports income started to decline for the first 8 months in 2012
Declining of International Commodity Items
Textile and Garment earning dropped mainly due to sharp
decline of Int. Cotton Prices
Rubber products , gem and diamond ex. Income increased due to
due to high prices in Int.Market
Earning from Mineral products also increased considerably
9. Sri Lanka imports were worth 1315 Million USD in September of 2012. Historically, from 2003 until 2012, Sri Lanka
Imports averaged 2716.1 USD Million reaching an all time high of 5641.0 USD Million in December of 2011 and a
record low of 1441.0 USD Million in April of 2012. Sri Lanka imports petroleum, textile fabrics, foodstuffs and
machinery and transportation equipment. Main import partners are India, China, Iran and Singapore.
Over the years Intermediate Goods (Petroliam Products, Textiles & Diamonds etc) Dominated majority of
the SL imports in 2011 USD 12,275.30 Million , from Jan- Aug 2012 total no. of imports under this category is
USD 7,727.60 million which is a -1.7 drop on YOY
Consumer goods tallies up to USD 2,085.60 million for the first 8 months of 2012 with major contributions
from Food & beverages, Sugar & Dairy Products
Importation of vehicles was reduced to USD 398.30 million for this period since the increment of Taxes
Composition of Imports – Jan – Aug 2012
Trade in Services
Trade in services account ended up with 55% which is USD 1,099 million for
year 2011 which is a USD 392 million increase comparing to last year .
Post Conflict growth momentum in the tourism sector continued to improve
in year 2011 with recording the highest ever tourist arrivals with a staggering
amount of 855,975. For the first 9 month of 2012 amount goes up to 693,772
The growth of Communication services , Computer & Information Services had a
remarkable growth in 2011 & same will continue to happen in 2012 also
10. •The average spending by a Tourist per night increased from USD 88 IN 2010 to USD 97 in 2012
•A Target was set to achieve 2.5 million of tourists by 2016 with annual foreign exchange earings of USD 2.75
Billion . Earnings from Tourism for the first nine months in 2012 is about USD 711 Million
•Int. hotel chains like Shangri – La, Sheraton, Hyatt & Sun City already entered to industry in country 11
new air lines also registered to fly to SL
•Launch of Sri Lankan Air Taxi operations within the country will attract more tourist
•New locations (passikudha, Kalpitiya etc.) were added to product development
Inflows and out Flows of Income
•The income account recorded a deficit of USD 647 million with a increase of USD 30 million compared to year
2010. For the 1st half of the year 2012 deficit was USD 482 million with Receipts counting up to USD 145 million
and the payments counted up to USD 627 million.
•Interest earned from Investment of reserves , profits from trading foreign currency and foreign securities
contributed to the receipts in the income account but comparing the corresponding period of 2011 this was
lower due to lower global interest rates .
•the Deficit in income account widened mainly because Interest paid on Foreign Loans , Coupon Payments
and Treasury securities were increased in a higher pace in first half of 2012
11. Current Transders
•In year 2011 Current transfers increased by USD 983 Million which totaled USD 4,643 million. During the
first six months of 2012 it has recorded USD 2655 million where workers remittances continued to be the
leader.
•Govt has entered in to collective agreements on Labour migration with several countries & also 5 year tax
exemption for migrants investments n capital goods to increase the inflows of current transfers
•Increase in labour mig. Under professional cat. , expansion of formal channels for remitting money and
increased no. of exchange house networks set up by the commercial banks were he main factors
contributed towards the increase in inflows under workers’ remittances
In 2011 current account deficit was USD 4615 Million which is a increase of USD 3,540 million compared to year
2010. how ever for 1at six month of 2012 deficit was recorded as USD 2,052 million .
year 2012 first half deficit was mainly due to increase deficit led by higher expenditure on Intermediate and
investment goods & the widening deficit in income account
The current account deficit is expected to be reduced to around 5.1% of GDP in 2012 from 7.8% of GDP in 2011
14. The gross official reserves
of the country
reached a historically high
level of US dollars
8.2 billion by mid-August
2011 and declined
Thereafter –Central Bank SL
17. Economic Indicator
Land of Opportunities for foreing
investment
Who took the Burdon
We rely on worker remittance yet not
Properly recognized.
Social unrest, family , long term socio
Economic unrest.