The document outlines the concepts and types of test automation frameworks, including data-driven, keyword-driven, and hybrid frameworks. It details their structure, utilities, and benefits such as improved consistency, reusability, and reduced maintenance for automated software testing. Additionally, it provides a step-by-step guide on how to implement an automation framework approach effectively.

1. Quality Assurance /
Software Testing Training

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Agenda
• Introduction to Test Automation Framework
• What a Test Automation Framework is?
• Utility of Test Automation Framework
• Sample Automation Test Framework
• Types of Automation Frameworks
• Data Driven Automation Framework
• Keyword Driven Automation Framework
• Hybrid Automation Framework
• Benefits of Automation Framework Approach

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Introduction to Test Automation Framework
• What an Automation Framework is ?
• How many types of Automation Framework are there ?
• How to select & Deploy an Automation Framework ?
• What are the Constituents of Automation Framework ?

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What a Test Automation Framework is?
It is a structured combination of :
• Various Assumptions for Testing
• Testing Concepts
• Testing Practices
Aim is to provide support to Automated Software Testing

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Utility of Test Automation Framework
• Provides an Outline of overall Test Structure
• Ensures Consistency of Testing
• Minimizes the Amount of Code for Development – thereby
Less Maintenance
• Maximizes Reusability
• Reduces Exposure of Non-Technical Testers to Code
• Enables Test Automation using Data

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Start
Libraries to
Registry
Driver Script
Client Build file
Clean up
Environment
Main Build File
Invoke Automation Tool
Sample Automation Test Framework
Load Script
 Acceptance
 Functional
 Regression
Call Script Test Data
Reporting
Reportlogs
 Zip Results
 Store Results
 Send Mail
 Warnings
 Error
 Pass/Fail
 No of Passed
 No of Failed
 No of Executed

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Types of Automation Frameworks
• Data Driven Automation Framework
• Keyword Driven Automation Framework
• Hybrid Automation Framework

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Data Driven Automation Framework
• Data-driven testing is creation of test scripts where test data and/or output
values are read from data files instead of using the same hard-coded values
each time the test runs.
• This way, testers can test how the application handles various inputs
effectively. It can be any of the below data files.
• Datapools
• Excel files
• ADO objects
• CSV files
• ODBC sources

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Data Driven Automation Framework
Advantages:
• Repeated use of Test Scripts with Different Inputs and Response Data
coming out of Predefined Dataset
• Easy to implement in IBM - RFT with the help of Datapools
• Helps in Reducing Coding for Large Test Cases
• Ease of Testing of Time-Consuming & Complex Test Cases

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Keyword Driven Automation Framework
• Keyword driven testing is a type of functional automation testing
framework which also known as table-driven testing or action word based
testing.
• In Keyword-driven testing we use a table format, usually a spreadsheet, to
define keywords or action words for each function that we would like to
execute.

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Keyword Driven Automation Framework
• As the Name suggests, it enables Keyword Driven Testing or Table Driven
Testing
• Data & Keyword Tables being Independent of the Automation Tool
• Enables Documentation of the Functionality of the Application under Test
(AUT) in A Tabular Format

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Example
Consider that you have to automate a flow where you would need to do the
following things in GMail.
• 1) Login to GMail.
• 2) Count the number of unread emails in Inbox.
• 3) Logout from GMail.
If you look at the above test case you will be able to easily identify that you
would need to write 3 different functions for the above test case. These 3
functions will be used to – Login to Gmail, count unread emails and logout.
Once you have identified the functions, the next step is to identify some
keywords and then associate the functions with these keywords. Below
figure shows a pictorial representation of this concept.

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So to create a keyword
driven framework, all
you have to do is -
• identify
keywords and
store them
somewhere,
• create functions
for the business
flows, and
• associate these
functions with
the keywords.

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Hybrid Automation Framework
The combination of any two or more frameworks that we have discussed
so far is a hybrid framework.
• It is the Most Popularly Implemented Framework
• It is a Combination of more than one Types of Frameworks described
before
• It has an Ability of Evolving Itself Over a Passage of Time and Over
Many Projects

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Steps 1: Identification of the Scope of Testing:
Company Oriented, Product Oriented, Project Oriented
Step 2 : Identification of the Needs of Testing:
Identify Types of testing e.g. FT, Web Services etc. and application / modules
to be tested
Steps 3: Identification of the Requirements of Testing:
Find out the Nature of Requirements, Identification of type of actions for
each requirement & identification of High Priority Requirements
Step 4 : Evaluation of the Test Automation Tool:
Preparation of Evaluation Checklist, Identification of the Candidate Tools
Available, Sample Run, Rate & Select the Tool, Implementation & Training
Steps to Implement Automation Framework Approach

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Steps 5 : Identification of the Actions to be automated
Actions, Validations & Requirements supported by the Tool
Steps 6 : Design of the Test Automation Framework
Framework Guidelines, Validations, Actions Involved, Systems Involved, Tool
Extensibility Support, Customs Messages & UML Documentation
Steps 7: Design of the Input Data Bank
Identification of Types of Input file, Categorization & Design of File Prototypes
Steps 8: Development of the Automation Framework
Development of Script based upon Framework Design, Driver Scripts, Worker
Scripts, Record / Playback, Screen / Window / Transaction, Action / Keyword &
Data Driven
Steps 9 : Population of Input Data Bank
Different Types of Data Input, Population of Data from Different Data Sources,
Manual Input of Data and Parent – Child Data Hierarchy
Steps 10 : Configuration of the Schedulers
Identify Scheduler Requirements & Configure the Schedulers

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Benefits of Automation Framework Approach
• Significant Reduction in Testing Cycle Time
• Comprehensive Coverage against Requirements
• Use of a "Common Standard" across the Organization / Product Team /
Project Team Generation of Reusable Test Scripts ( Utility Functions)
• Systematic Maintenance of Automation Scripts
• Data Pooling

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Thank You