This document describes 3 cases of patients presenting with acute abdominal pain who were found to have mesenteric vasculitis and bowel ischemia due to underlying autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus. Computed tomography imaging showed characteristic findings like bowel wall thickening, enhancement and dilation. The patients responded well to immunosuppressive therapies like steroids. The aim is to increase awareness of mesenteric vasculitis as a potential cause of acute abdomen among healthcare professionals.
This case report describes a 14-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. She was found to have both biliary dyskinesia and superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMA syndrome). Biliary dyskinesia was confirmed by a HIDA scan showing poor gallbladder function. An upper GI series showed duodenal obstruction consistent with SMA syndrome due to rapid weight loss. She underwent open cholecystectomy and duodenojejunostomy to address both conditions simultaneously. Postoperatively, she continued to experience gastric symptoms requiring nutritional support. She was eventually discharged tolerating full feeds.
This study analyzed 200 critically ill surgical and trauma patients in Pakistan to determine the frequency and risk factors of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). The key findings were:
- 6 patients (3% of the study population) developed ACS. The most significant risk factors for ACS included severe peritonitis, severe gut edema, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and tense ascites.
- Patients who developed ACS had multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality - 5 of the 6 patients with ACS died during their hospital stay, an 80% in-hospital mortality rate.
- Early identification of at-risk patients and monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure could help detect ACS earlier to improve outcomes. However,
Achalasia cardia is an uncommon disorder with an incidence of 1.6 per 100,000 people [1]. Pseudoachalasia is even more infrequent. Its prevalence is estimated at 2.4 to 4% amongst patients diagnosed with achalasia. Pseudoachalasia refers to the dilatation of the oesophagus mimicking achalasia - due to narrowing of the distal oesophagus but from reasons other than primary denervation. Th e most common cause of pseuodachalasia is malignant involvement of the lower esophageal sphincter of which 53.9% are primary malignancies and 14.9% are secondary [2].
Abdominal Splenosiscausing Hydronephrosis- A Case Reportsemualkaira
Splenosis is anuncommenprocess ofintra abdominal or extra abdominal splenic tissue seeding, mostly post traumatic.The issueof splenosismostly comesupinpatientspresentingwith suspicious nodules inthe abdominal or chest cavity. It is exactly these patients with a history of blunt abdominal trauma who should be considered as candidates for having splenosis and should be screened with a proper medical history and with the use of novel non invasive imaging modalities thus sparing the patients unnecessary and potentially dangerous procedures.
Abdominal Splenosiscausing Hydronephrosis- A Case Reportsuppubs1pubs1
Splenosis is anuncommenprocess ofintra abdominal or extra abdominal splenic tissue seeding, mostly post traumatic.The issueof splenosismostly comesupinpatientspresentingwith suspicious nodules inthe abdominal or chest cavity. It is exactly these patients with a history of blunt abdominal trauma who should be considered as candidates for having splenosis and should be screened with a proper medical history and with the use of novel non invasive imaging modalities thus sparing the patients unnecessary and potentially dangerous procedures.
Posttraumatic hematuria with pseudorenal failure: A Diagnostic lead for Intra...KETAN VAGHOLKAR
Bladder rupture is a very morbid injury following blunt or penetrating lower abdominal trauma. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to initiate optimal treatment. Intraperitoneal bladder rupture is associated with haematuria and biochemical features of renal failure.
Cystogram is diagnostic. Immediate open surgical repair is the main stay of treatment. A case of intraperitoneal rupture diagnosed preoperatively by the presence of haematuria and pseudorenal failure is presented to highlight the association of posttraumatic
haematuria and pseudorenal failure in such injuries.
Abdominal Imaging Case Studies #27.pptxSean M. Fox
Drs. Kylee Brooks and Parker Hambright are Emergency Medicine Residents and Drs. Alexis Holland and William Lorenz are Surgery Residents at Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, NC. They are interested in medical education. With the guidance of Drs. Kyle Cunningham, Brent Matthews, and Michael Gibbs, they aim to help augment our understanding of emergent abdominal imaging. Follow along with the EMGuideWire.com team as they post these monthly educational, self-guided radiology slides. This month’s cases include:
• Iatrogenic Esophageal Perforation
• Emphysematous Cystitis
• Meckel’s Diverticulum
• Paraesophageal Hernia
This case report describes a 61-year-old male patient who presented with chronic abdominal pain and was found to have xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC), a rare inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, along with gallstones. Imaging studies revealed thickening of the gallbladder wall and a mass, concerning for possible gallbladder carcinoma. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and was found to have XGC pathology, characterized by lipid-laden macrophages and chronic inflammatory cells infiltrating the gallbladder wall. XGC is a benign condition that can be confused for gallbladder cancer. The patient's surgery and recovery were uncomplicated.
This case report describes a 14-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. She was found to have both biliary dyskinesia and superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMA syndrome). Biliary dyskinesia was confirmed by a HIDA scan showing poor gallbladder function. An upper GI series showed duodenal obstruction consistent with SMA syndrome due to rapid weight loss. She underwent open cholecystectomy and duodenojejunostomy to address both conditions simultaneously. Postoperatively, she continued to experience gastric symptoms requiring nutritional support. She was eventually discharged tolerating full feeds.
This study analyzed 200 critically ill surgical and trauma patients in Pakistan to determine the frequency and risk factors of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). The key findings were:
- 6 patients (3% of the study population) developed ACS. The most significant risk factors for ACS included severe peritonitis, severe gut edema, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and tense ascites.
- Patients who developed ACS had multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality - 5 of the 6 patients with ACS died during their hospital stay, an 80% in-hospital mortality rate.
- Early identification of at-risk patients and monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure could help detect ACS earlier to improve outcomes. However,
Achalasia cardia is an uncommon disorder with an incidence of 1.6 per 100,000 people [1]. Pseudoachalasia is even more infrequent. Its prevalence is estimated at 2.4 to 4% amongst patients diagnosed with achalasia. Pseudoachalasia refers to the dilatation of the oesophagus mimicking achalasia - due to narrowing of the distal oesophagus but from reasons other than primary denervation. Th e most common cause of pseuodachalasia is malignant involvement of the lower esophageal sphincter of which 53.9% are primary malignancies and 14.9% are secondary [2].
Abdominal Splenosiscausing Hydronephrosis- A Case Reportsemualkaira
Splenosis is anuncommenprocess ofintra abdominal or extra abdominal splenic tissue seeding, mostly post traumatic.The issueof splenosismostly comesupinpatientspresentingwith suspicious nodules inthe abdominal or chest cavity. It is exactly these patients with a history of blunt abdominal trauma who should be considered as candidates for having splenosis and should be screened with a proper medical history and with the use of novel non invasive imaging modalities thus sparing the patients unnecessary and potentially dangerous procedures.
Abdominal Splenosiscausing Hydronephrosis- A Case Reportsuppubs1pubs1
Splenosis is anuncommenprocess ofintra abdominal or extra abdominal splenic tissue seeding, mostly post traumatic.The issueof splenosismostly comesupinpatientspresentingwith suspicious nodules inthe abdominal or chest cavity. It is exactly these patients with a history of blunt abdominal trauma who should be considered as candidates for having splenosis and should be screened with a proper medical history and with the use of novel non invasive imaging modalities thus sparing the patients unnecessary and potentially dangerous procedures.
Posttraumatic hematuria with pseudorenal failure: A Diagnostic lead for Intra...KETAN VAGHOLKAR
Bladder rupture is a very morbid injury following blunt or penetrating lower abdominal trauma. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to initiate optimal treatment. Intraperitoneal bladder rupture is associated with haematuria and biochemical features of renal failure.
Cystogram is diagnostic. Immediate open surgical repair is the main stay of treatment. A case of intraperitoneal rupture diagnosed preoperatively by the presence of haematuria and pseudorenal failure is presented to highlight the association of posttraumatic
haematuria and pseudorenal failure in such injuries.
Abdominal Imaging Case Studies #27.pptxSean M. Fox
Drs. Kylee Brooks and Parker Hambright are Emergency Medicine Residents and Drs. Alexis Holland and William Lorenz are Surgery Residents at Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, NC. They are interested in medical education. With the guidance of Drs. Kyle Cunningham, Brent Matthews, and Michael Gibbs, they aim to help augment our understanding of emergent abdominal imaging. Follow along with the EMGuideWire.com team as they post these monthly educational, self-guided radiology slides. This month’s cases include:
• Iatrogenic Esophageal Perforation
• Emphysematous Cystitis
• Meckel’s Diverticulum
• Paraesophageal Hernia
This case report describes a 61-year-old male patient who presented with chronic abdominal pain and was found to have xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC), a rare inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, along with gallstones. Imaging studies revealed thickening of the gallbladder wall and a mass, concerning for possible gallbladder carcinoma. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and was found to have XGC pathology, characterized by lipid-laden macrophages and chronic inflammatory cells infiltrating the gallbladder wall. XGC is a benign condition that can be confused for gallbladder cancer. The patient's surgery and recovery were uncomplicated.
Introduction: Liver herniation through surgical incision is very rare. Moreover, it is exceptional for the left hepatic lobe to herniate
through sternotomy incision.
Presentation of the case: We present herein a 66 year old woman admitted to ER complains about upper abdominal pain. Abdominal CT scan showed herniation of part of left hepatic lobe through previous sternotomy incision. Conservative measures were successful in managing her symptoms.
Discussion: Till now only few cases of liver herniation through scar of sternotomy have been documented.
Conclusion: Although it is rare, left hepatic lobe may herniate through sternotomy incision.
Bouveret’s syndrome case report and review of the literatureFerstman Duran
This case report describes a patient with Bouveret's syndrome who presented with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and melena. Imaging revealed a gallstone obstructing the duodenum. The stone was successfully removed during an endoscopy using various extraction devices and mechanical lithotripsy. Bouveret's syndrome is a rare complication of gallstones that occurs when a gallstone passes through a cholecystoduodenal fistula and becomes lodged in the duodenum, causing gastric outlet obstruction. Endoscopic extraction is recommended as first-line treatment when possible due to its lower risk compared to surgery. The literature on Bouveret's syndrome and approaches to treatment, including endoscopic, lithotripsy and surgical
Role of Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Ulcerative ColitisMohammed Fathy Zaky
This thesis examines the role of autologous bone marrow stem cell intravenous injection in treating ulcerative colitis. It conducted a randomized clinical trial on 10 Egyptian patients with UC. The study found statistically significant improvements in diarrhea frequency, heart rate, and quality of life after stem cell therapy compared to before. No significant safety issues occurred. The study concludes that stem cell therapy may help reverse inflammation in UC and offers a potential new treatment option.
AbstractIntestinal cystic pneumatosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of gaseous cysts in the intestinal wall.We report the observation of a 51-year-old patient with dyspepsia syndrome and recurrent episodes of abdominal pain who had a three-day cessation of materials and gas for three days.
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a large mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis. Intestinal cystic pneumatosis is a rare condition characterized by gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. It is usually mild but can cause complications like volvulus requiring surgery. Treatment is typically medical but surgery is needed for complicated cases.
We report the observation of a 51-year-old patient with dyspepsia syndrome and recurrent episodes
of abdominal pain who had a three-day cessation of materials and gas for three days. The clinical examination on admission showed a slightly distended abdomen, an empty rectal bulb with digital rectal
examination. The biological assessment was without abnormality, the radiography of the abdomen
without preparation showed central hydro-aeric levels of the hail-like type with a gaseous crescent
inter hepato-diaphragmatic. The abdominal CT objectified a pneumoperitoneum with aerobilia, an
upper digestive distension with probable proximal digestive volvulus. The patient was admitted to
the block and an exploratory laparotomy was performed which revealed the presence of a gas cyst in
several places in the small intestine with distension of the latter upstream of a large mass of benign
appearance. Taking a segment of the jejunum. We carried out an anastomosis resection of the small
intestine carrying out the mass which we sent to the pathological anatomy laboratory and the result
of which returned in favor of intestinal cystic pneumatosis. The postoperative suites were simple with
good evolution and resumption of transit at end of the third day
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis.
Intestinal cystic pneumatosis typically presents as mild and is often secondary to other conditions. Imaging such as CT can diagnose it by showing gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. While usually treated medically, complicated or resistant cases require surgical resection.
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis.
Intestinal cystic pneumatosis typically presents as mild and is often secondary to other conditions. Imaging such as CT is used for diagnosis and shows gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. Treatment is usually medical but surgery is needed for complications like volvulus.
This case series describes 8 patients who presented with acute mesenteric ischemia and bowel gangrene. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain. Four patients had pre-existing cardiac conditions that increased their risk. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy where gangrenous bowel segments were resected. Post-operative complications occurred in 4 patients, and the mortality rate in the series was 37.5%. Acute mesenteric ischemia can be difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms, but prompt surgical treatment is needed to prevent high mortality from bowel necrosis.
Paper Mate Write Bros Ballpoint Pens, Medium PRichard Hogue
The passage discusses the positive and negative impacts of social media and mass media on adolescents. It notes that teens spend up to 11 hours per day on social media and are exposed to media via electronics. Social media influences how teens dress, act, talk and what they discuss. While mass media can shape adolescent minds and ideas, it remains unclear whether the overall impact is positive or negative. The passage intends to explore this issue by analyzing social media's impacts through sociological lenses of identity and groupthink.
Writing Phrases Best Essay Writing Service, Essay WritRichard Hogue
The document discusses the social and environmental impacts of vertical integration in the banana export trade in Honduras. It explains that in the late 1800s, Honduras was the largest banana exporter to the US. Over time, banana production gradually transitioned from small, individual farms to large monopolies controlled by three major companies. This led to significant social and environmental changes in Honduras as the companies consolidated land and power over banana production and export.
Examples How To Write A Persuasive Essay - AckerRichard Hogue
1. The study examined how monolingual and bilingual infants develop associative word learning abilities between 12-14 months of age.
2. Infants were tested using a looking-while-listening preferential looking paradigm to assess whether they could learn to associate novel words with novel objects.
3. The results showed that both monolingual and bilingual infants were able to learn novel word-object associations at 14 months of age, but bilingual infants did not demonstrate this ability at 12 months of age like monolingual infants did.
Netflix is expanding its global operations to over 200 countries in the next two years to increase its international revenue. Currently international markets make up 27% of Netflix's revenue but the company expects this to grow to 80% of total revenue. Netflix faces challenges expanding globally due to competition and regulatory issues. Strategic planning will be required to ensure Netflix's global expansion is successful and allows it to maintain its competitive edge in the streaming industry.
Best Tips On How To Write A Term Paper Outline, FormRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email; 2) Complete a 10-minute order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications; 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied; 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content and full satisfaction of needs.
Formal Letter In English For Your Needs - Letter TemplRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting an assignment writing from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5 step process: 1) Create an account, 2) Complete an order form providing instructions and deadline, 3) Review bids from writers and select one, 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment, 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes the site's commitment to original, high-quality content and offering refunds for plagiarized work.
Get Essay Help You Can Get Essays Written For You ByRichard Hogue
The document outlines a 5-step process for getting essay help from HelpWriting.net, which includes creating an account, submitting a request with instructions and sources, choosing a bid from qualified writers, reviewing and authorizing payment for completed work, and requesting revisions if needed. It emphasizes that HelpWriting.net provides original, high-quality content and refunds plagiarized work to ensure customer satisfaction.
The passage describes the House and Ballroom scene, an intentional LGBTQ community founded by Latino and black people. Members formed houses that provided care and protection. Houses competed against each other at balls in categories like dance. Wealth, glamour, and status were important in ballroom culture. The scene offered acceptance and a comfort zone for LGBTQ people escaping unsupportive families.
Pin By Cindy Campbell On GrammarEnglish Language ERichard Hogue
1. The document outlines the steps to request a paper writing service from HelpWriting.net, including creating an account, completing an order form, reviewing writer bids, authorizing payment, and requesting revisions.
2. Writers utilize a bidding system, and customers can choose a writer based on qualifications, history, and feedback. Customers receive the paper, ensure it meets expectations, and authorize final payment.
3. HelpWriting.net promises original, high-quality content and offers refunds for plagiarism. Customers can request multiple revisions to ensure satisfaction.
How To Write Evaluation Paper. Self Evaluation EssRichard Hogue
This document provides steps for requesting and completing an assignment writing request through the HelpWriting.net platform:
1. Create an account with a valid email and password.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, deadline, and attaching a sample of your writing if desired.
3. Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications, history, and feedback, then pay a deposit to start the assignment.
4. Review the completed paper and authorize final payment if pleased, or request revisions using the free revision policy.
Pumpkin Writing Page (Print Practice) - Made By TeachRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content meeting all needs.
What Is The Best Way To Write An Essay - HazelNeRichard Hogue
The document discusses equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, and workforce diversity as key concepts in public human resources management in the United States. It notes that human resource managers must pay careful attention to these concepts and their underlying values. The abstract previews that the full document will cover cases, laws, philosophies, and values related to equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, and diversity, as well as their future implications.
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Similar to Autoimmune Disease Presenting As Acute Abdomen
Introduction: Liver herniation through surgical incision is very rare. Moreover, it is exceptional for the left hepatic lobe to herniate
through sternotomy incision.
Presentation of the case: We present herein a 66 year old woman admitted to ER complains about upper abdominal pain. Abdominal CT scan showed herniation of part of left hepatic lobe through previous sternotomy incision. Conservative measures were successful in managing her symptoms.
Discussion: Till now only few cases of liver herniation through scar of sternotomy have been documented.
Conclusion: Although it is rare, left hepatic lobe may herniate through sternotomy incision.
Bouveret’s syndrome case report and review of the literatureFerstman Duran
This case report describes a patient with Bouveret's syndrome who presented with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and melena. Imaging revealed a gallstone obstructing the duodenum. The stone was successfully removed during an endoscopy using various extraction devices and mechanical lithotripsy. Bouveret's syndrome is a rare complication of gallstones that occurs when a gallstone passes through a cholecystoduodenal fistula and becomes lodged in the duodenum, causing gastric outlet obstruction. Endoscopic extraction is recommended as first-line treatment when possible due to its lower risk compared to surgery. The literature on Bouveret's syndrome and approaches to treatment, including endoscopic, lithotripsy and surgical
Role of Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Ulcerative ColitisMohammed Fathy Zaky
This thesis examines the role of autologous bone marrow stem cell intravenous injection in treating ulcerative colitis. It conducted a randomized clinical trial on 10 Egyptian patients with UC. The study found statistically significant improvements in diarrhea frequency, heart rate, and quality of life after stem cell therapy compared to before. No significant safety issues occurred. The study concludes that stem cell therapy may help reverse inflammation in UC and offers a potential new treatment option.
AbstractIntestinal cystic pneumatosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of gaseous cysts in the intestinal wall.We report the observation of a 51-year-old patient with dyspepsia syndrome and recurrent episodes of abdominal pain who had a three-day cessation of materials and gas for three days.
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a large mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis. Intestinal cystic pneumatosis is a rare condition characterized by gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. It is usually mild but can cause complications like volvulus requiring surgery. Treatment is typically medical but surgery is needed for complicated cases.
We report the observation of a 51-year-old patient with dyspepsia syndrome and recurrent episodes
of abdominal pain who had a three-day cessation of materials and gas for three days. The clinical examination on admission showed a slightly distended abdomen, an empty rectal bulb with digital rectal
examination. The biological assessment was without abnormality, the radiography of the abdomen
without preparation showed central hydro-aeric levels of the hail-like type with a gaseous crescent
inter hepato-diaphragmatic. The abdominal CT objectified a pneumoperitoneum with aerobilia, an
upper digestive distension with probable proximal digestive volvulus. The patient was admitted to
the block and an exploratory laparotomy was performed which revealed the presence of a gas cyst in
several places in the small intestine with distension of the latter upstream of a large mass of benign
appearance. Taking a segment of the jejunum. We carried out an anastomosis resection of the small
intestine carrying out the mass which we sent to the pathological anatomy laboratory and the result
of which returned in favor of intestinal cystic pneumatosis. The postoperative suites were simple with
good evolution and resumption of transit at end of the third day
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis.
Intestinal cystic pneumatosis typically presents as mild and is often secondary to other conditions. Imaging such as CT can diagnose it by showing gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. While usually treated medically, complicated or resistant cases require surgical resection.
A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements for three days. Imaging showed pneumoperitoneum and distension of the small intestine upstream of a mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gas cysts in the small intestine and a volvulus. Resection of the affected small intestine segment showed intestinal cystic pneumatosis.
Intestinal cystic pneumatosis typically presents as mild and is often secondary to other conditions. Imaging such as CT is used for diagnosis and shows gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. Treatment is usually medical but surgery is needed for complications like volvulus.
This case series describes 8 patients who presented with acute mesenteric ischemia and bowel gangrene. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain. Four patients had pre-existing cardiac conditions that increased their risk. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy where gangrenous bowel segments were resected. Post-operative complications occurred in 4 patients, and the mortality rate in the series was 37.5%. Acute mesenteric ischemia can be difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms, but prompt surgical treatment is needed to prevent high mortality from bowel necrosis.
Similar to Autoimmune Disease Presenting As Acute Abdomen (10)
Paper Mate Write Bros Ballpoint Pens, Medium PRichard Hogue
The passage discusses the positive and negative impacts of social media and mass media on adolescents. It notes that teens spend up to 11 hours per day on social media and are exposed to media via electronics. Social media influences how teens dress, act, talk and what they discuss. While mass media can shape adolescent minds and ideas, it remains unclear whether the overall impact is positive or negative. The passage intends to explore this issue by analyzing social media's impacts through sociological lenses of identity and groupthink.
Writing Phrases Best Essay Writing Service, Essay WritRichard Hogue
The document discusses the social and environmental impacts of vertical integration in the banana export trade in Honduras. It explains that in the late 1800s, Honduras was the largest banana exporter to the US. Over time, banana production gradually transitioned from small, individual farms to large monopolies controlled by three major companies. This led to significant social and environmental changes in Honduras as the companies consolidated land and power over banana production and export.
Examples How To Write A Persuasive Essay - AckerRichard Hogue
1. The study examined how monolingual and bilingual infants develop associative word learning abilities between 12-14 months of age.
2. Infants were tested using a looking-while-listening preferential looking paradigm to assess whether they could learn to associate novel words with novel objects.
3. The results showed that both monolingual and bilingual infants were able to learn novel word-object associations at 14 months of age, but bilingual infants did not demonstrate this ability at 12 months of age like monolingual infants did.
Netflix is expanding its global operations to over 200 countries in the next two years to increase its international revenue. Currently international markets make up 27% of Netflix's revenue but the company expects this to grow to 80% of total revenue. Netflix faces challenges expanding globally due to competition and regulatory issues. Strategic planning will be required to ensure Netflix's global expansion is successful and allows it to maintain its competitive edge in the streaming industry.
Best Tips On How To Write A Term Paper Outline, FormRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email; 2) Complete a 10-minute order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications; 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied; 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content and full satisfaction of needs.
Formal Letter In English For Your Needs - Letter TemplRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting an assignment writing from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5 step process: 1) Create an account, 2) Complete an order form providing instructions and deadline, 3) Review bids from writers and select one, 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment, 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes the site's commitment to original, high-quality content and offering refunds for plagiarized work.
Get Essay Help You Can Get Essays Written For You ByRichard Hogue
The document outlines a 5-step process for getting essay help from HelpWriting.net, which includes creating an account, submitting a request with instructions and sources, choosing a bid from qualified writers, reviewing and authorizing payment for completed work, and requesting revisions if needed. It emphasizes that HelpWriting.net provides original, high-quality content and refunds plagiarized work to ensure customer satisfaction.
The passage describes the House and Ballroom scene, an intentional LGBTQ community founded by Latino and black people. Members formed houses that provided care and protection. Houses competed against each other at balls in categories like dance. Wealth, glamour, and status were important in ballroom culture. The scene offered acceptance and a comfort zone for LGBTQ people escaping unsupportive families.
Pin By Cindy Campbell On GrammarEnglish Language ERichard Hogue
1. The document outlines the steps to request a paper writing service from HelpWriting.net, including creating an account, completing an order form, reviewing writer bids, authorizing payment, and requesting revisions.
2. Writers utilize a bidding system, and customers can choose a writer based on qualifications, history, and feedback. Customers receive the paper, ensure it meets expectations, and authorize final payment.
3. HelpWriting.net promises original, high-quality content and offers refunds for plagiarism. Customers can request multiple revisions to ensure satisfaction.
How To Write Evaluation Paper. Self Evaluation EssRichard Hogue
This document provides steps for requesting and completing an assignment writing request through the HelpWriting.net platform:
1. Create an account with a valid email and password.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, deadline, and attaching a sample of your writing if desired.
3. Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications, history, and feedback, then pay a deposit to start the assignment.
4. Review the completed paper and authorize final payment if pleased, or request revisions using the free revision policy.
Pumpkin Writing Page (Print Practice) - Made By TeachRichard Hogue
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content meeting all needs.
What Is The Best Way To Write An Essay - HazelNeRichard Hogue
The document discusses equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, and workforce diversity as key concepts in public human resources management in the United States. It notes that human resource managers must pay careful attention to these concepts and their underlying values. The abstract previews that the full document will cover cases, laws, philosophies, and values related to equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, and diversity, as well as their future implications.
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The document discusses working capital management at the Heavy Engineering Division of Larsen & Toubro Limited, including analyzing accounts receivable, accounts payable, and inventory management. It provides an overview of the business activities of Larsen & Toubro and its Heavy Engineering Division. The report compares the performance of Heavy Engineering Division to other Indian and foreign companies in key working capital elements.
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The passage discusses customer privacy issues in the hospitality service industry. It notes that while technology helps businesses operate more efficiently, it also increases the risk of data breaches and privacy concerns. The hospitality industry in particular handles sensitive customer data like payment information. Several hotel chains have reported data breaches in recent years, highlighting the need for stronger privacy protections in this sector given the large amounts of financial data collected and stored.
Literature Review Thesis Statemen. Online assignment writing service.Richard Hogue
The document discusses the differences between bipolar type I and type II disorders. Bipolar type I is characterized by episodes of mania that last at least one week, along with depressive episodes. The research will focus specifically on bipolar type I in children and youth. Diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorders are outlined in the DSM-5.
008 Essay Writing Competitions In India CustRichard Hogue
Resistance art emerged in the mid-1970s in South Africa after the Soweto uprising. It focused on resisting apartheid and celebrating African strength and unity. Resistance art can represent different points of view and elicit emotional responses in viewers that can inspire social change or revolution. While art in the 1800s and 1900s also contained elements of resistance, it became more direct and overt in the mid-1970s, often led by activist artists focusing on political and social issues. Art has the power to engage people in different ways and reflect or drive social change.
A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 20 MARK GENDER SOCUS. Online assignment writing service.Richard Hogue
Here are the key points required for a search warrant essay:
- A search warrant is required by the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to conduct a search of a private property. This protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
- To obtain a search warrant, the police must have probable cause that evidence of a crime will be found on the private property. They present sworn testimony and evidence to a judge who determines if probable cause exists.
- The search warrant must specify the location to be searched and the items that can be seized as evidence. This prevents general "fishing expeditions" by law enforcement.
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Autoimmune Disease Presenting As Acute Abdomen
1. eCommons@AKU
Department of Radiology Medical College, Pakistan
January 2017
Autoimmune Disease Presenting As Acute
Abdomen
Wasim A Memon
Aga Khan University, wasim.memon@aku.edu
Saad Siddiqui
Aga Khan University, saad.siddiqui@aku.edu
Ameer Hamza
Aga Khan University, hamza.ameer@aku.edu
Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_radiol
Part of the Radiology Commons
Recommended Citation
A Memon, W., Siddiqui, S., Hamza, A. (2017). Autoimmune Disease Presenting As Acute Abdomen. Journal of Ayub Medical College,
29(1), 139-141.
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_radiol/153
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provided by eCommons@AKU
2. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017;29(1)
http://www.jamc.ayubmed.edu.pk 139
CASE SERIES
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE PRESENTING AS ACUTE ABDOMEN
Wasim A. Memon, Saad Siddiqui, Ameer Hamza
Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Karachi-Pakistan
Mesenteric vasculitis and resultant bowel ischemia is rare but serious complication of autoimmune
disorders. Early detection and treatment is the key to avoid potentially fatal outcomes of bowel
perforation and peritonitis. In this series, we present patients presenting with acute abdominal pain
and having CT imaging features of bowel ischemia who responded well to immunosuppressive
therapy. The aim of this work is to familiarize health professionals with possibility and imaging
features of mesenteric vasculitis.
Keywords: Acute abdomen; Autoimmune; Laparatomy; Vasculitis; Bowel ischemia; Mesenteric
vasculitis
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017;29(1):139–41
INTRODUCTION
Vasculitis syndromes usually result in
noninfectious inflammation of blood vessels.
Various syndromes have predilection for different
sized blood vessels and although rare in
incidence, many of them can present with a wide
spectrum of symptomatology. Vasculitis
syndromes can involve any part of the body with
classic and rare presentations. Autoimmune
disorders particularly systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) can lead to vasculitis of gastrointestinal tract
with presentations like abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting and loose stools. The associated findings
could include severe serositis, enteritis, and
pancreatitis and bowel ischemia leading to
perforation.1,2
The unusual presentations of ischemic
bowel changes as a result of mesenteric vasculitis
pose a diagnostic challenge. In patients with already
known underlying autoimmune disease, a
presentation of acute abdomen with or without signs
of peritonitis should always raise concern of bowel
ischemia secondary to mesenteric vasculitis. The
role of computed tomography (CT scan) has
recently been highlighted in literature as an
efficient tool in diagnosis of mesenteric vasculitis
and resulting inflammatory & ischemic changes.3
In this work we would like to describe a series of
patients with acute abdomen secondary to
mesenteric vasculitis and resultant changes in
bowel.
CASE 1
A 32-year-old lady presented to emergency room
(ER) with complains of severe abdominal pain
and loose stools for past 6 days. Her past medical
history was positive for Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus and seronegative polyarthritis. She
was not taking any active medications at time of
presentation. On examination, she was afebrile
with a blood pressure of 114/70 mm Hg, Pulse
rate of 140 beats per minute and a respiratory rate
of 24 breaths per minute.
Systemic examination revealed distended
abdomen with rigidity, rebound tenderness in
epigastrium and absent bowel sounds. A contrast
enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis was
performed which revealed diffusely thick walled,
oedematous and mildly dilated small bowel along
with surrounding fat haziness and peripheral
enhancement. The findings were giving
characteristic target appearance without evidence of
intramural air. The top differential of this
appearance was bowel ischemia however there was
no evidence of thrombus in superior mesenteric
artery or vein (Figure-1). The patient was started on
pulse dose of Methyl prednisolone and responded
well to it. The complaints of abdominal pain and
rigidity resolved and patient was discharged home
on Immunosuppressive treatment.
Figure-1: Thickened and enhancing small bowel loops with target appearance. Associated serositis has
resulted in ascites
3. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017;29(1)
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140
CASE 2
A 16-year-old lady presented to emergency room
with complaints of severe abdominal pain and
vomiting for past 15 days. Her past medical history
was positive for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and
before presenting to our institute she was
conservatively managed in a peripheral hospital
with provisional diagnosis of intestinal obstruction.
She was not on any active treatment for SLE at time
of presentation. On examination, she was afebrile
with a blood pressure of 128/80 mm Hg, Pulse rate of
89 beats per minute and a respiratory rate of 20
breaths per minute. Systemic examination revealed
diffusely tender abdomen with hyper resonant note
on percussion and sluggish gut sounds. An initial
impression of sub-acute intestinal obstruction was
made and management started on its lines.
A contrast enhanced CT scan of Abdomen
was ordered which revealed; abnormal differential
enhancement of almost the entire small bowel loops
without any significant dilatation. Normal
mesenteric vasculature was seen without evidence
of thrombosis; the findings were consistent with
bowel ischemia (Figure-2). The patient was
administered methyl prednisolone as pulse therapy
and responded well to it. The complaints subsided,
she was started enteral feeding which she tolerated
well and subsequently was discharged from hospital.
Figure-2: Oedematous small bowel loops with differential enhancement. Associated serositis has resulted in ascites
CASE 3
A 55 years old gentleman presented to emergency
room with history of abdominal pain, purpura and
pruritus for 15 days. He had no previously known
comorbidities. On examination, he was afebrile with
a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, heart rate of 110
beats per minute and respiratory rate of 18 breaths
per minute. Systemic examination revealed a soft,
diffusely tender abdomen. After initial resuscitation
contrast, enhanced CT scan of abdomen was
performed to evaluate the abdominal pain. The
findings of this scan revealed abnormal wall
thickening with dilatation of the proximal jejunum,
distal ileum and terminal ileum with associated
involvement of caecum.
The caecum was giving a targeted
appearance. Surrounding fat stranding with
significantly increased vascularity of the arterial
arcades (vasa recta) was also noted giving
appearance of comb sign. Patient was
administered methyl prednisolone as pulse
therapy along with azathioprine and responded
well to it. The complaint subsided and was
subsequently discharged from hospital
.
Figure-3: Abnormal wall thickening of distal small bowel loops including terminal ileum. Note the target
appearance of caecum
4. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017;29(1)
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DISCUSSION
Mesenteric vasculitis is one of the most serious
complications of autoimmune disease particularly
systemic lupus erythematosus. It results in
associated changes of bowel ischemia and mucosal
inflammation leading to enteritis. In severe cases
this may result in bowel perforation and
subsequent peritonitis. The incidence of mesenteric
vasculitis in patients with systemic lupus
erythematosus is reported to be in range of 0.2–53%.
A variety of symptoms have been observed in
patients presenting with underlying autoimmune
process however acute abdominal pain remains to be
the most common presenting feature with reported
frequencies of 33–62%. The cause of acute
abdominal pain can be secondary to involvement of
central nervous system, serositis, enteritis,
pancreatitis, uraemia and primary peritonitis
however mesenteric vasculitis leading to bowel
ischemia remains to be the most serious.1,2,4
Computed Tomography (CT scan) remains
to be the most valuable modality in early diagnosis
of bowel ischemia. The strength of CT scan lies in
its ability to demonstrate bowel wall and mesenteric
vasculature simultaneously. Typically, CT findings
in mesenteric ischemia include abnormal dilatation
of loops with or without wall thickness (this can be
focal or diffuse). Abnormal enhancement which are
classically describe by double halo or target signs.
Mesenteric oedema with prominent vasculature.
Although these signs are sensitive in detection of
bowel ischemia, the downside is their lack of
specificity as they can be seen in a variety of other
disease processes as well. Although intramural air is
a classic finding in bowel ischemia due to
thrombotic episode, it is rare in mesenteric
vasculitis. The same was observed in our patients as
well. Recent literature has also emphasized on the
importance of initial mesenteric vascular
prominence (Comb sign) as an early sign of
mesenteric vasculitis. Similar picture was observed
in one of our patients as well.3,5
Other finding seen on imaging in autoimmune
processes as described in literature include
lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly,
inflammatory changes of the pancreas, ascites and
renal parenchymal changes. Ascites and pancreatitis
was observed as associated findings in our patients
as well.3
According to findings of established
literature patients usually respond well to high dose
prednisolone therapy with resolution of symptoms.
The same was observed in this series as well. A
surgical intervention is rarely required. Most of the
cases later need to be started on immunosuppressant
therapy by use of agents like Azathioprine and
Cyclophosphamide as relapse is common.2
The
limitation of our series include lack of follow up
scans to assess the extent of resolution of disease
process on imaging.
CONCLUSION
Early diagnosis and management by high dose
steroids is the key to prevent complications in cases
of mesenteric vasculitis. The diagnosis should be
considered in any patient with history of
autoimmune disorder presenting with acute abdomen
or having Imaging features of bowel Ischemia.
REFERENCES
1. Sran S, Sran M, Patel N, Anand P. Lupus enteritis as an
initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Case
Rep Gastrointest Med 2014;2014:962735.
2. Tian XP, Zhang X. Gastrointestinal involvement in
systemic lupus erythematosus: insight into pathogenesis,
diagnosis and treatment. World J Gastroenterol
2010;16(24):2971–7.
3. Byun JY, Ha HK, Yu SY, Min JK, Park SH, Kim HY, et al.
CT features of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with
acute abdominal pain: emphasis on ischemic bowel disease.
Radiolog 1999;211(1):203–9.
4. Lee CK, Ahn MS, Lee EY, Shin JH, Cho YS, Ha HK,
et al. Acute abdominal pain in systemic lupus
erythematosus: focus on lupus enteritis (gastrointestinal
vasculitis). Ann Rheum Dis 2002;61(6):547–50.
5. Wiesner W, Khurana B, Ji H, Ros PR. CT of acute
bowel ischemia. Radiology 2003;226(3):635–50.
Received: 14 August, 2015 Revised: 17 May,2016 Accepted: 26 December, 2016
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Saad Siddiqui, Department of Radiology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi- Pakistan
Cell: +92 321 906 3099
Email: saadsiddiqui.5@gmail.com