Atropine for Pharm-D Students

1. PATIENT PROFILE & PATIENT COUNSELING
C. DRUG PROFILE OF ATLEAST 25
IMPORTANT MEDICATIONS
ATROPINE
CLINICAL PHARMACY
BY
Zul Kamal
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY
SHAHEED BENAZIR BHUTTO UNIVERSITY, SHERINGAL

2. ATROPINE
Belladona alkaloid
Cholinergic antagonist, Cholinergic Blockers, Parasympatholytics or
Anti Cholinergic drug

4. PHARMACOKINETICS
 ADMINISTERATION
• Orally,
• Parentrally and
• Topically as an ophthalmic preparation.
 METABOLISM
Liver
 EXCRETION
through Urine
 DURATION OF ACTION
Its duration of action is very long and applied to eye its
mydriatic (dilation of pupil) cycloplegic (inability to focus
for near vision) effects remains up to 7-10 days.

5. PHARMACODYNAMIC
MECHANISM OF ACTION
 It is non-selective muscarinic antagonist .
 It competitively blocks the Muscuranic receptors (M1, M2,
M3, M4, and M5) causing inhibitions of all muscarinic
functions .

8. INDICATIONS
It is used as
 Mydriatic for examination of eye.
 Pre-Anesthetic Medications; As Atropine decrease various
secretions and some anesthetic like Ether etc stimulate
secretion like saliva, these may go to lungs and causes
problems over there.
 Anti-Spasmodic; used in diseases like
• Billiary Colic
• Intestinal Colic
• Asthma
 Reduce excessive salivation in Parkinsonism and heavy metal
poisoning.
 Organo-phosphorous compound (Malathione, Parathione,
Echothiopal) poisoning.

9. CONTRAINDICATIONS
 Glaucoma
 Prostatic Hypertrophy
Prostate glands are present in the pubic region, enlarge
in old age which will block urination and urethra will
suppress due to enlargement of muscle size.
Atropine causes the contraction of the sphincter muscle
of urinary bladder and will block urination- so condition
will worsen.

10. ADVERSE EFFECTS
 Xerostomia wich will lead to Dysphagia (difficulty in
swallowing).
 Blurred Vision or
Cycloplegia
 Constipation
 Tachycardia

11. DOSE AND DOSAGE FORM
 DOSAGE FORM
Eye Drops (1% and 2%)
 BRAND NAME:
Atropisole (LCPW)
Ethiatrophine (Ethical)
Opta (Remington Pharma)
Orbatropine (Zafa Pharma)

12. DOSE

13. ATROPINE POISONING
Poisoning of Atropine include
Patient will feel severe thirst
Dilated Pupil
Perspiration (fluid lost from the body both in the form of sweat
secreted by the sweat glands and as water that diffuses through the
skin) will block and blood vessels will dilate
Flushing of face (cutanious vasodilatation)
Convulsion
In large doses Coma may occur which may
lead to death

14. TREATMENT FOR ATROPINE POISONING
 Physostigmine (1-4 mg)
 Diazepam plus Neostigmine
(increases the level of Acetylcholine so in shock
condition these are administered I/V)