The document summarizes various film techniques and tropes:
1) Narratives are often set up as puzzles to be solved, hiding details until a plot twist at the end.
2) Actions and behavior set expectations for consequences that are subverted in horror films, where the killer is not actually dead or another person must save the injured.
3) Symbolic elements, characters' appearances, and settings signify opposing forces and themes in films.
4) References to popular culture and history provide context outside the text to aid understanding.