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4. Managerial function Detail
Planning: Involves setting goals and objectives for the hospital and developing strategies to
achieve them.
Includes analyzing the current situation, forecasting future trends, and making decisions
on resource allocation.
Helps in determining the direction and scope of the hospital's activities.
Organizing: Involves designing the organizational structure of the hospital and establishing lines of
authority and communication.
Includes determining the roles and responsibilities of different departments and
individuals.
Involves creating systems and processes to ensure efficient workflow and coordination
among various units.
Leading: Involves inspiring, motivating, and guiding the staff to achieve the hospital's goals.
Requires effective communication, decision-making, and interpersonal skills.
Includes providing support, coaching, and feedback to employees to enhance their
performance.
Controlling: Involves inspiring, motivating, and guiding the staff to achieve the hospital's goals.
Requires effective communication, decision-making, and interpersonal skills.
Includes providing support, coaching, and feedback to employees to enhance their
performance.
Includes measuring outcomes, analyzing variances, and taking corrective actions if
necessary.
Involves implementing feedback mechanisms and quality improvement initiatives.

7. Criticism of Planning Importance of Planning
Can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, diverting
focus from implementation
Provides a roadmap for achieving goals and objectives
Rigidity and no creativity:
Overemphasis on formal planning may result in
inflexibility and inability to adapt to change
Helps identify potential risks and challenges in advance
Can’t be developed in dynamic environment:
Plans may become outdated quickly in rapidly changing
environments
Facilitates coordination and alignment among team
members
Planning can be overly focused on the process rather
than outcomes
Enhances decision-making by providing a structured
approach
No risk in decision making
Promotes efficiency and resource allocation
Focus on internal activities with minimum attention to
competition Facilitates effective communication and collaboration
Plans may not always consider the perspectives and input
of all stakeholders
Supports effective goal setting and prioritization
Planning can create a sense of complacency if not
accompanied by action
Provides a basis for evaluation and performance
measurement
Planning may neglect the importance of creativity and
innovation
Helps organizations stay focused and aligned with their
vision

9. Managerial
level
Conceptual
Skills
Technical
Skills
Human
Skills
Political
Skills
Top
managerial
Strategic
thinking, long-
term planning
Industry
knowledge,
financial
analysis
Leadership,
communicatio
n, negotiation
Networking,
influence,
organizational
awareness
Middle
managerial
Problem-
solving,
decision-
making,
analysis
Project
management,
technical
expertise
Team building,
conflict
resolution,
mentoring
Collaboration,
persuasion,
managing
stakeholders
First
managerial
Goal setting,
goal
alignment,
visioning
Task
execution,
operational
proficiency
Training and
development,
employee
motivation
Interpersonal
relationships,
building
alliances
Non-
managerial
Follows
instructions,
task
coordination
Technical
expertise in a
specific
domain
Communicatio
n, teamwork,
adaptability
Building
rapport,
interpersonal
influence