PR-328: End-to-End Optimized Image CompressionHyeongmin Lee
PR 328번째 논문은 ICLR 2017에 발표된 "End-to-End Optimized Image Compression"이라는 논문입니다.
이미지 압축에 대해 들어보신 적이 있으신가요? 이미지를 더 적은 비트, 즉 더 적은 용량의 데이터로 표현하기 위해 다양한 압축 방법이 제안되어 왔습니다. 가장 대표적인 기술이 JPEG이라고 할 수 있겠는데요, 이 논문에서는 End-to-End Deep Learning을 이용하여 이미지를 압축하는 기법을 제안합니다. 이 논문에서 제안한 방법과 더불어 이미지 압축에 필요한 기본 개념들까지 함께 정리하였으니 이미지 압축이라는 분야가 단순히 무엇인지 궁금하신 분들께서도 앞에서부터 차근차근 봐주시면 감사드리겠습니다 :)
paper link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.01704
youtube link: https://youtu.be/rtuJqQDWmIA
Energy Consumption Analysis of Image Encoding and Decoding AlgorithmsMarco Torchiano
Energy consumption represents an impor- tant issue with limited and embedded devices. Such devices, e.g. smartphones, process many images, both to render the UI and for application specific purposes.
We aim to evaluate the energy consumption of different image encoding/decoding algorithms.
We run a series of experiments on a ARM based platform and we collected the energy consumed in performing typical image encoding and decoding tasks.
We found that there is a significant difference among codecs in terms of energy consumption. Most of the energy con- sumption relates to the computational efficiency of the algorithm (i.e. the time performance) though the type of processing and the algorithm may affect the average power usage up to 37%, thus indirectly affecting the energy consumption.
We conclude that JPEG compression is significantly more energy efficient than PNG both for encoding and decoding. Further studies should focus on the additional features that affect energy consumption beyond computational complexity.
PR-340: DVC: An End-to-end Deep Video Compression FrameworkHyeongmin Lee
이번 PR12 340번째 논문으로 소개드릴 내용은 Deep Learning을 이용한 Video Compression에 관한 내용입니다. 바로 이전 논문으로 Deep Learning을 이용한 Image Compression에 대해 설명드렸었는데요, 시간 여유가 있으신 분들께서는 이전 영상 먼저 보시고 오는 것을 추천드립니다 :)
이전 영상: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtuJqQDWmIA
paper link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.00101
youtube link: https://youtu.be/Dd8Gj2ZITkA
PR-328: End-to-End Optimized Image CompressionHyeongmin Lee
PR 328번째 논문은 ICLR 2017에 발표된 "End-to-End Optimized Image Compression"이라는 논문입니다.
이미지 압축에 대해 들어보신 적이 있으신가요? 이미지를 더 적은 비트, 즉 더 적은 용량의 데이터로 표현하기 위해 다양한 압축 방법이 제안되어 왔습니다. 가장 대표적인 기술이 JPEG이라고 할 수 있겠는데요, 이 논문에서는 End-to-End Deep Learning을 이용하여 이미지를 압축하는 기법을 제안합니다. 이 논문에서 제안한 방법과 더불어 이미지 압축에 필요한 기본 개념들까지 함께 정리하였으니 이미지 압축이라는 분야가 단순히 무엇인지 궁금하신 분들께서도 앞에서부터 차근차근 봐주시면 감사드리겠습니다 :)
paper link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.01704
youtube link: https://youtu.be/rtuJqQDWmIA
Energy Consumption Analysis of Image Encoding and Decoding AlgorithmsMarco Torchiano
Energy consumption represents an impor- tant issue with limited and embedded devices. Such devices, e.g. smartphones, process many images, both to render the UI and for application specific purposes.
We aim to evaluate the energy consumption of different image encoding/decoding algorithms.
We run a series of experiments on a ARM based platform and we collected the energy consumed in performing typical image encoding and decoding tasks.
We found that there is a significant difference among codecs in terms of energy consumption. Most of the energy con- sumption relates to the computational efficiency of the algorithm (i.e. the time performance) though the type of processing and the algorithm may affect the average power usage up to 37%, thus indirectly affecting the energy consumption.
We conclude that JPEG compression is significantly more energy efficient than PNG both for encoding and decoding. Further studies should focus on the additional features that affect energy consumption beyond computational complexity.
PR-340: DVC: An End-to-end Deep Video Compression FrameworkHyeongmin Lee
이번 PR12 340번째 논문으로 소개드릴 내용은 Deep Learning을 이용한 Video Compression에 관한 내용입니다. 바로 이전 논문으로 Deep Learning을 이용한 Image Compression에 대해 설명드렸었는데요, 시간 여유가 있으신 분들께서는 이전 영상 먼저 보시고 오는 것을 추천드립니다 :)
이전 영상: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtuJqQDWmIA
paper link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.00101
youtube link: https://youtu.be/Dd8Gj2ZITkA
Presented at the first-ever Sundance Institute #ArtistServices San Francisco Workshop.
Graef Allen is Manager of Content Services at Dolby Laboratories in Los Angeles, California. Graef has been with Dolby for over nine years, working primarily in digital cinema mastering and distribution. Although some of her work is on studio titles, most projects are independent films or educational films for science museums. Graef spent fifteen years on the staff of the Telluride Film Festival, working in production, theatre operations, and projection.
Compressing Audio and Video for Desktop and Mobile DeliveryNick Floro
A comprehensive introduction to video compression and delivery standards for optimizing content delivery to mobile and desktop devices. This session will provide an overview with everything you need to know about editing, preparing and delivering the highest quality video and audio to your audience. We'll discuss techniques and interactivity that can be added as well as the latest standards and how you can take advantage of open source, free compression tools, as well as the latest applications for getting the smallest file sizes and the highest quality. We'll also introduce you to the hardware and software that is needed to create your own in-house studio for under $1,500.
A presentation on the digital preservation of audiovisual materials, including a brief history of media formats and file types, among others. It's a bit of a rushed work, I admit, plus the text designs are not as smooth as before I converted the PPT to PDF format.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Presented at the first-ever Sundance Institute #ArtistServices San Francisco Workshop.
Graef Allen is Manager of Content Services at Dolby Laboratories in Los Angeles, California. Graef has been with Dolby for over nine years, working primarily in digital cinema mastering and distribution. Although some of her work is on studio titles, most projects are independent films or educational films for science museums. Graef spent fifteen years on the staff of the Telluride Film Festival, working in production, theatre operations, and projection.
Compressing Audio and Video for Desktop and Mobile DeliveryNick Floro
A comprehensive introduction to video compression and delivery standards for optimizing content delivery to mobile and desktop devices. This session will provide an overview with everything you need to know about editing, preparing and delivering the highest quality video and audio to your audience. We'll discuss techniques and interactivity that can be added as well as the latest standards and how you can take advantage of open source, free compression tools, as well as the latest applications for getting the smallest file sizes and the highest quality. We'll also introduce you to the hardware and software that is needed to create your own in-house studio for under $1,500.
A presentation on the digital preservation of audiovisual materials, including a brief history of media formats and file types, among others. It's a bit of a rushed work, I admit, plus the text designs are not as smooth as before I converted the PPT to PDF format.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
14. 1. Linear Prediction
Predicts and compares adjacent samples. Records the relative difference.
2. Golomb-Rice Algorithm Encoding
Searches the code for commonly repeated chunks of data and replaces
them with shorter “symbols”.
3. Run-Length Encoding
Replaces identical blocks of code appearing in order
(silence for example) with 1 block repeating X number of times
22. Compression Ratio
Uncompressed Video:
33 MB /s @
640x360
24 FPS
16-bit Color
Compression Ratio:
515 : 1
Compressed Video:
64 KB/s @
640x360
24 FPS
16-bit Color
23. THE END
Video Presentation created
by: Henrik Larsson
Image Source for compression Techniques images:
Screenshot from “Elephants Dream”
Copyright 2006, Blender Foundation / Netherlands Art Media Institute
URLS:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motion_compensation_example-original.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motion_compensation_example-difference.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motion_compensation_example-compensated_difference.jpg
Editor's Notes
----- Meeting Notes (2011-12-27 12:24) -----PNG, or Portable Network Graphics, is a lossless, compressed bitmapped image format. It was released in its first incarnation in 1996 as a truecolor compatible replacement for the 256 color GIF format.PNG uses lossless compression, meaning that the quality of the graphic information stored does not decrease with the compression. This can be compared to a lossy format like JPG which is prone to quality degradation and unwanted artifacts.Let's take a look at the most interesting aspect of the PNG format: the compression.PNG is compressed in two stages. The first stage, the pre-compression, makes use of a process called filtering, or prediction. If we take an image, like this oneand zoom in to get a good view of the pixels, we see that there are large areas of the same color, or value, in the image. Let's call this pixel here X, and these we can call A, B and C. The filtering component of PNG uses the values of byte-sized chunks of pixels A, B and C to predict the values of the corresponding chunks of data defining pixel X. The predicted value is then compared to the actual value of pixel X, and the difference is encoded.After pre-compression, the resulting data is further compressed using the DEFLATE, lossless data compression algorithm which looks for repeating strings of binary digits in a file and replaces them with shorter reference "symbols".PNG is most commonly used in web design, because it retains all the sharp edges and details of the original picture. It is less often used for photos, since the compression algorithm is not as well adapted to the far less predictable patterns of photographs. Also, unlike GIF images, PNG is a single-image format and does not support animation.Saving an illustrator image at 1425x1245 pixels as a BMP, an uncompressed image format, results in an image file of 4,2 Megabytes. Saving the image instead as a PNG leaves us with a 715KB file, a compression ratio of approximately 6:1.FLAC, or Free Lossless Audio Codec, is a relatively new, free, open source audio codec allowing lossless compression of digital audio. Unlike the popular mp3 format, no information is lost in the compression of an audio file to FLAC format.FLAC is a fixed-point sample format and works with bit resolutions from 4 to 32 bits per sample at sampling rates from 1hz to 655,350. It also handles up to 8 channels of audio, allowing for advanced surround effects. Like MP3 files, FLACs also allow for metadata, such as information about Artist, Album, Release Year and other text information, and even album art to be stored within the file.FLAC compression comprises three components. First, a linear prediction algorithm predicts and then compares adjacent sample chunks. The relative difference between the prediction and the real sample is then encoded. Second. the Golomb-Rice algorithm is used to . Run-Length encoding is also used on blocks of identical samples, storing them instead as a single data value that is repeated x number of times. This primarily saves space when encoding audio tracks containing periods of silence. A wave file encoded to FLAC will typically be reduced to 50-60 percent of its original size, which can be compared to standard quality mp3 encoding which reduces original size by about 90%.For these reasons, FLAC is primarily used by audiophiles and music collectors wanting to store full quality audio while using less disk space. As disk space costs decrease and Internet connection speeds increase, it's likely to become a more popular format for digital audio, also among mainstream users. It has already become a favored audio format of the online torrent scene.H.264, Mpeg-4 Part 10 or AVC, Advanced Video Coding, is one of the most commonly used video compression formats today. It is ubiquitous on the web, supported by YouTube, Vimeo and other streaming sites, as well as satellite and cable TV, Blu-ray Discs and a multitude of other media. It is used for both low bitrate media, like low quality YouTube clips and streaming, and for High Definition Video.H.264 makes use of a plethora of video compression algorithms, techniques and tools, too many to present within the time constraints of this video. But let's have brief a look at two compression features of H.264:Block-Size Motion Compensation, or BMC, partitions the individual video frames into smaller blocks of pixels. Suitable reference frames, or key frames, are fully encoded and the blocks of both subsequent and previous frames are compared to the blocks of the reference frames. When parts of a block in a frame match a block of the reference frame, only the differences between the two blocks is encoded in that frame. The blocks of pixels can also be moved around to compensate for objects moving across the screen. Entropy Encoding is also used in H.264. It works by searching the code for frequently recurring data patterns, which it then replaces with simplified strings of code. To make this process as efficient as possible, the most commonly recurring data strings are represented by the shortest string of code, and vice versa. The resulting quality of an H.264 encoded video depends on the encoding settings used and the source material. An uncompressed 640x360 video with a frame rate of 24 frames per second and 16-bit color will require approximately 33 Megabytes per second. With H.264 encoding, the file size can be brought down to approximately 64 kilobytes per second without significant quality loss. This amounts to a compression ratio of 515:1, which makes H.264 the most efficient video compression standard available today.
