This document summarizes key elements and conventions of slasher films. It discusses typical plot points, themes, character types, settings, music/sounds, camera techniques, special effects, editing styles, and narrative structures. Examples are provided from classic slasher films like Psycho, Friday the 13th, Scream 4, and Maniac to illustrate various conventions. The document aims to define characteristics that make slasher films recognizable as a horror subgenre.
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J’ai eu l’honneur d’être invité à la dernière édition dernier édition por participer à la session « innovation » pour présenter les perspectives que l’on peut dessiner autour des cryptomonnaies et la première d’entre elle : le bitcoin.
Cette année le thème choisi est « l’entrepreneur, l’aventurier du XXIeme siècle ».
Avec un thème comme celui-ci, je me dis que je suis au bon endroit pour évoquer cette aventure qu’est la création d’une nouvelle monnaie qui remet en cause le principe de tiers de confiance ou d’autorité centrale. C’est un monde nouveau que celui ou l’on fait reposer la validité d’un échange de valeur sur un algorithme et un consensus de milliers d’ordinateurs plutôt qu’à un concept appelé la confiance. Un concept nouveau. Presque dérangeant.
En arrivant la veille de mon intervention, dans le centre de congrès, plusieurs des participants ont le même rituel pour essayer d’apprendre un peu plus sur ces soit-disantes sulfureuses monnaies digitales. Le procédé est toujours le même. Le dirigeant, pourtant féru de technologies, souvent fervent défenseur de la sacro-sainte transformation digitale, me prend discrètement à part des conversations et après avoir vérifié que nous étions seuls, il lâche : « J’ai un peu lu sur ton bitcoin, j’entends parfois des informations sur le sujet, j’avoue que ça m’intrigue, mais la réalité c’est que je n’y ai toujours rien compris ». Généralement, je dédramatise la situation en expliquant qu’il faut un peu de temps pour se sentir à l’aise sur ce sujet et qu’assez peu d’éducation a été faite sur le sujet. Il est donc très normal de se sentir perdu.
Mais plus loin dans la conversation, reviennent assez souvent les mauvaises nouvelles qui ont parfois été lues dans la presse avec un traitement parfois approximatif mais toujours sensationnel.
Je sens intuitivement que ce sont les plus bienveillants qui sont venus me voir et que lorsque je prendrai la parole le lendemain il faudra convaincre tous ceux qui sont convaincus que : « le bitcoin est une arnaque » parfois «une petite astuce marketing, un piège à gogo » au mieux « un repère de dealers de drogue qui échange des billets de monopoly avec des blanchisseurs d’argent sale ».
Le lendemain, arri
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
5. Plot
• Game of 'Cat and Mouse'.
• Serial Killer murdering several victims (Goes on a
killing spree).
• Confrontation with killer at the end of the film.
• Police turn up near the end of the film.
(Sometimes one or two police officers are killed in
the middle of the film but at the end when
everything has died down, you will usually find
police investigating the remains in the area)
Alice’s confrontation with Mrs
Voorhees in Friday 13th
Police man (Perkins) killed in
Scream 4.
6. Themes
• Death
• Destruction
• Pain
• Fear
• Gore
• Despair
• Tragedy Psyco- Showing fear.
Friday the 13th- Showing gore
and death.
Scream 4- Showing fear and
despair.
7. Character Types
• Virgin (Female Character/Heroin)
• Jock
• Nerd
• Sexualized Girl
• Non-Believer (Doesn't acknowledge what's happening, refuses to
believe)
• Villain/Killer (Most of the time portrayed as an outcast)
Alice Hardy in Friday
13th is portrayed as a
virgin throughout the
movie.
In Scream 4, Robbie and Charlie are
seen as the nerds.
Norman Bates from Alfred
Hitchcock’s Psycho is portrayed
as an outcast (which makes him
the villain)
Character Types differ depending
on the year as 1960 was the year
that the Slasher genre was
introduced with Psycho and
Peeping Tom. Throughout the
years characters have developed
in the Slasher genre to give us
what we have today.
8. Setting/Location
• Isolated locations
• Forest/Woods
• Private Property
• Streets
Camp Crystal Lake from
Friday 13th is isolated as it’s
in the middle of nowhere
and had been abandoned
for over a decade.
Bates Motel form Psycho is essentially
out in the middle of nowhere.
In Scream 4, multiple locations are
used but most deaths happen in the
houses.
9. Music/Sounds
• Fast paced
• Tense
• Dramatic Build-up
• Crescendo
• Silence
• Volume Control
• Ambient sounds(Owl hoots, Wind howls etc.)
• Synchronous sound
Example: Friday the 13th Theme Song (1980)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uOKdiYA-PQ
10. Camerashots/Angles
• Wide-Shots
• Low angle
• Close-Ups
• Reaction Shots
• Establishing shots
• POV
• Tracking Shot Close-Up on Ghostface from Scream 4. Close-up shots
usually focus on a character’s expression but the
appearance on the mask is always the same.
POV (Point of View) Shot of Marion Cranes’
perspective from Psycho. Tracking shot from Friday 13th.
Movies in general have a wide
range of different shots and
angles that they film at.
11. Special Effects
• CGI
• Blood
• Pyrotechnics
• Fog/Smoke Machines
Jack’s (Kevin Bacon) neck being impaled in
Friday 13th.
The background in this scene from
Psycho was most likely to have been a
green screen or something similar. In Scream 4, they have used pyrotechnics in
order to create the sparks from the explosion in
this scene.
12. Editing Techniques
• Fast-Paced Editing
• Cross Cutting
• Eye-line Match
• S-R-S
• Slow-Motion
• Transitions (Fade, Dissolve etc.)
• Lighting (as it can be altered in editing)
In this scene from Friday 13th, the editors have
put the scene in slow motion in order to make
the part more dramatic and emphasise the
importance of it.
In this part of Psycho, there is a Shot-Reverse-Shot used
between Norman Bates and Marion’s Car. This is because
it’s so significant to the rest of the film.
In most Slasher movies, when a death or a chase scene
happens, many shots are played in quick succession in order to
increase the tension. This is an example in Scream 4.
13. Narrative Structure
• Introduces the main character first and focuses
around her/him for the duration of the film.
• Stereotypically the last survivor is the female
virgin.
• The last survivor tends to put up more of a
struggle than the rest.
• Killer either dies or gets sent to prison (or if the
film is setting up for a sequel they may keep the
killer alive in order to carry on the story)
15. Camera shots –Maniac (2012)
We see a POV shot in the film Maniac, to show
what the killer is looking at. We see a close up shot of Franc Zito, this is used to
emphasise how much pain he is going through.
We see a medium shot of Frank
to show that he is holding a
bloody knife which signifies that
he just killed someone,
portraying his dominance.
16. Special Effects-Maniac (2012)
Special effects such as blood are
heavily used in slasher films this is
because blood makes the film more
realistic and more gory, this
therefore fits the genre and meets
the expectations of what the
audience are expecting to see.
