The document provides guidance for students to evaluate a peer-reviewed journal article. It outlines the requirements, which include evaluating sections on the article's title, ethics, literature review, methodology, sampling, and results/analysis. Students must choose one section from methodology (e.g. experiments, surveys) and one from results (e.g. qualitative, quantitative analysis) to focus their evaluation. Guidelines are provided on what to assess for each section, with over 90 questions total. Examples of budgets for a proposed healthcare facility expansion are also provided, including revenue, expenses and financial statements projections to aid planning.
Purpose The purpose of exercise is to conduct a detailed, criti.docxleonorepour284
Purpose:
The purpose of exercise is to conduct a
detailed, critical evaluation
of the research design, methods and analysis of a study written up and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Students will be using Wolfer’s (2007) critical questions for evaluating written research to evaluate an article; these questions are provided below.
Article selection tips:
- select an article from a peer-reviewed Sociology Journal
- the article should clearly be written about a study the author conducted
o
a meta-analysis of multiple studies is not appropriate for this assignment
o
secondary data analysis of an existing national data set is OK, but be sure you understand what you are reading
Requirements:
Your evaluation should include
-
All sections 1-5,
-
1 section from 6-10 (based on design in your article), and
-
1 section from 11-12 (based on analysis in your article).
This assignment does not have to be written in essay format. You may organize it by section/chapter number, question number with question text, and then your answer.
APA formatting should be used throughout. Any time your paraphrase or directly quote a source (such as your article), in-text citations should be used. A full APA-formatted reference should be included at the beginning or end of assignment.
Disclaimer
Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin. Both you and your instructor will receive the results.
1.Title (3 pts)
1) Is the title specific enough to differentiate it from other related topics?
2) Do subtitles, if present, provide important information regarding the research?
3) Are the main variables expressed in the title?
4) Are the terms in the title easily understood by most people?
5) Does the title avoid any reference to the study’s results?
6) Overall, is this a good title? Why or why not?
2. Ethical Evaluation (2.5 pts)
7) Are the steps the researcher took to honor ethical responsibilities to individuals clear? Are they appropriate? Are they enough?
8) If there were any findings (based on your readings of tables or other means of data presentation) that refuted the researcher’s hypothesis, did he address these findings?
9) If any results were unexpected, did the researcher discuss any explanations for the unexpected effects?
10) Did the researcher adequately acknowledge the limitations of the research?
11) Overall, has the researcher adequately fulfilled his ethical obligations?
3. Literature Review (4 pts)
12) Is the material presented in the literature review relevant to your research interests?
13) Is the special problem area identified in the first paragraph or two of the report?
14) Does the researcher establish the importance of the research problem?
15) Has the researcher been appropriately selective in deciding what studies to include in the literature review?
16) Is the research cited recent?
17) Is the literature re.
Assignment 1 Evaluation of a peer-reviewed articlePurpose Th.docxmyrljjcpoarch
Assignment 1: Evaluation of a peer-reviewed article
Purpose:
The purpose of exercise is to conduct a
detailed, critical evaluation
of the research design, methods and analysis of a study written up and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Students will be using Wolfer’s (2007) critical questions for evaluating written research to evaluate an article; these questions are provided below.
Article selection tips:
- select an article from a peer-reviewed Sociology Journal
- the article should clearly be written about a study the author conducted
o
a meta-analysis of multiple studies is not appropriate for this assignment
o
secondary data analysis of an existing national data set is OK, but be sure you understand what you are reading
Requirements:
Your evaluation should include
-
All sections 1-5,
-
1 section from 6-10 (based on design in your article), and
-
1 section from 11-12 (based on analysis in your article).
This assignment does not have to be written in essay format. You may organize it by section/chapter number, question number with question text, and then your answer.
APA formatting should be used throughout. Any time your paraphrase or directly quote a source (such as your article), in-text citations should be used. A full APA-formatted reference should be included at the beginning or end of assignment.
Disclaimer
Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin. Both you and your instructor will receive the results.
1.Title (3 pts)
1) Is the title specific enough to differentiate it from other related topics?
2) Do subtitles, if present, provide important information regarding the research?
3) Are the main variables expressed in the title?
4) Are the terms in the title easily understood by most people?
5) Does the title avoid any reference to the study’s results?
6) Overall, is this a good title? Why or why not?
2. Ethical Evaluation (2.5 pts)
7) Are the steps the researcher took to honor ethical responsibilities to individuals clear? Are they appropriate? Are they enough?
8) If there were any findings (based on your readings of tables or other means of data presentation) that refuted the researcher’s hypothesis, did he address these findings?
9) If any results were unexpected, did the researcher discuss any explanations for the unexpected effects?
10) Did the researcher adequately acknowledge the limitations of the research?
11) Overall, has the researcher adequately fulfilled his ethical obligations?
3. Literature Review (4 pts)
12) Is the material presented in the literature review relevant to your research interests?
13) Is the special problem area identified in the first paragraph or two of the report?
14) Does the researcher establish the importance of the research problem?
15) Has the researcher been appropriately selective in deciding what studies to include in the literature review?
16) Is.
Appraisal Tool for Evaluating Experimental and Designs.docxwrite12
This document provides a 10-point framework for appraising experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. It outlines key aspects of the research that should be evaluated such as the literature review, hypotheses, research design and methodology, sampling approach, intervention, outcome variables, ethical considerations, results, and generalizability. The framework is intended to guide appraisers in conducting a thorough evaluation of the research methodology, execution, and implications of experimental and quasi-experimental studies.
This document provides an outline for critiquing a research study. It includes sections to evaluate the problem statement, literature review, research design, instruments, data analysis, and conclusions. The critique examines aspects like variable definitions, sampling methods, reliability and validity of tools, appropriate use of statistics, and implications of the findings. The overall goal is to provide a systematic analysis of the strengths and limitations of the research.
This document provides guidelines for critically appraising a research article or study. It outlines key areas to examine such as the title, abstract, research problem and questions, objectives, hypotheses, study design, population, data collection, methodology, sampling methods, controls, ethical considerations, and conclusions. Critically evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of a study is essential to determine how its findings should influence decision making and if the results are valid and consistent with other research. The critical appraisal process is a fundamental skill for assessing clinical research quality and relevance.
Write a Critical Review of a Scientific Journal (1).pptxssuser3fa655
1. The document outlines the steps to write a critical review of a scientific journal article, including identifying how and why the research was carried out, establishing the research context, evaluating the research, and establishing the significance of the research.
2. Key steps include reviewing the literature, methods, and results sections to understand how the study was conducted and what it found, and evaluating aspects like the sample size, research design, and whether conclusions are supported by results.
3. When establishing significance, the review considers if the research advances knowledge, has practical applications, and what the implications are in areas like science, technology, medicine, and society.
This document outlines the criteria for critiquing a research study. It breaks the critique down into 12 sections: (1) problem statement and purpose, (2) literature review and theoretical framework, (3) hypotheses/research questions, (4) sample, (5) research design, (6) instruments, (7) data analysis, (8) conclusions/implications. Each section lists several questions to guide the evaluation of that aspect of the study, such as whether the problem statement specifies the variables and population, if the sample and design match the problem/purpose, and if the conclusions are supported by the results. The overall purpose is to provide a systematic way to assess the strengths and limitations of a research undertaking.
This document provides an overview of critiquing research. It defines research critique as a systematic and unbiased examination of all aspects of a study. The purposes of critique include assessing methodological skills, advancing nursing knowledge, and guiding researchers. Both quantitative and qualitative critiques are discussed. For quantitative critiques, elements like the introduction, problem statement, literature review, methodology, and results are evaluated. For qualitative critiques, aspects such as the phenomenon of interest, purpose, method, sampling, data analysis, findings, and conclusions are examined. Overall, the document outlines the important components and process of critiquing research to strengthen evidence-based practice in nursing.
Purpose The purpose of exercise is to conduct a detailed, criti.docxleonorepour284
Purpose:
The purpose of exercise is to conduct a
detailed, critical evaluation
of the research design, methods and analysis of a study written up and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Students will be using Wolfer’s (2007) critical questions for evaluating written research to evaluate an article; these questions are provided below.
Article selection tips:
- select an article from a peer-reviewed Sociology Journal
- the article should clearly be written about a study the author conducted
o
a meta-analysis of multiple studies is not appropriate for this assignment
o
secondary data analysis of an existing national data set is OK, but be sure you understand what you are reading
Requirements:
Your evaluation should include
-
All sections 1-5,
-
1 section from 6-10 (based on design in your article), and
-
1 section from 11-12 (based on analysis in your article).
This assignment does not have to be written in essay format. You may organize it by section/chapter number, question number with question text, and then your answer.
APA formatting should be used throughout. Any time your paraphrase or directly quote a source (such as your article), in-text citations should be used. A full APA-formatted reference should be included at the beginning or end of assignment.
Disclaimer
Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin. Both you and your instructor will receive the results.
1.Title (3 pts)
1) Is the title specific enough to differentiate it from other related topics?
2) Do subtitles, if present, provide important information regarding the research?
3) Are the main variables expressed in the title?
4) Are the terms in the title easily understood by most people?
5) Does the title avoid any reference to the study’s results?
6) Overall, is this a good title? Why or why not?
2. Ethical Evaluation (2.5 pts)
7) Are the steps the researcher took to honor ethical responsibilities to individuals clear? Are they appropriate? Are they enough?
8) If there were any findings (based on your readings of tables or other means of data presentation) that refuted the researcher’s hypothesis, did he address these findings?
9) If any results were unexpected, did the researcher discuss any explanations for the unexpected effects?
10) Did the researcher adequately acknowledge the limitations of the research?
11) Overall, has the researcher adequately fulfilled his ethical obligations?
3. Literature Review (4 pts)
12) Is the material presented in the literature review relevant to your research interests?
13) Is the special problem area identified in the first paragraph or two of the report?
14) Does the researcher establish the importance of the research problem?
15) Has the researcher been appropriately selective in deciding what studies to include in the literature review?
16) Is the research cited recent?
17) Is the literature re.
Assignment 1 Evaluation of a peer-reviewed articlePurpose Th.docxmyrljjcpoarch
Assignment 1: Evaluation of a peer-reviewed article
Purpose:
The purpose of exercise is to conduct a
detailed, critical evaluation
of the research design, methods and analysis of a study written up and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Students will be using Wolfer’s (2007) critical questions for evaluating written research to evaluate an article; these questions are provided below.
Article selection tips:
- select an article from a peer-reviewed Sociology Journal
- the article should clearly be written about a study the author conducted
o
a meta-analysis of multiple studies is not appropriate for this assignment
o
secondary data analysis of an existing national data set is OK, but be sure you understand what you are reading
Requirements:
Your evaluation should include
-
All sections 1-5,
-
1 section from 6-10 (based on design in your article), and
-
1 section from 11-12 (based on analysis in your article).
This assignment does not have to be written in essay format. You may organize it by section/chapter number, question number with question text, and then your answer.
APA formatting should be used throughout. Any time your paraphrase or directly quote a source (such as your article), in-text citations should be used. A full APA-formatted reference should be included at the beginning or end of assignment.
Disclaimer
Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin. Both you and your instructor will receive the results.
1.Title (3 pts)
1) Is the title specific enough to differentiate it from other related topics?
2) Do subtitles, if present, provide important information regarding the research?
3) Are the main variables expressed in the title?
4) Are the terms in the title easily understood by most people?
5) Does the title avoid any reference to the study’s results?
6) Overall, is this a good title? Why or why not?
2. Ethical Evaluation (2.5 pts)
7) Are the steps the researcher took to honor ethical responsibilities to individuals clear? Are they appropriate? Are they enough?
8) If there were any findings (based on your readings of tables or other means of data presentation) that refuted the researcher’s hypothesis, did he address these findings?
9) If any results were unexpected, did the researcher discuss any explanations for the unexpected effects?
10) Did the researcher adequately acknowledge the limitations of the research?
11) Overall, has the researcher adequately fulfilled his ethical obligations?
3. Literature Review (4 pts)
12) Is the material presented in the literature review relevant to your research interests?
13) Is the special problem area identified in the first paragraph or two of the report?
14) Does the researcher establish the importance of the research problem?
15) Has the researcher been appropriately selective in deciding what studies to include in the literature review?
16) Is.
Appraisal Tool for Evaluating Experimental and Designs.docxwrite12
This document provides a 10-point framework for appraising experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. It outlines key aspects of the research that should be evaluated such as the literature review, hypotheses, research design and methodology, sampling approach, intervention, outcome variables, ethical considerations, results, and generalizability. The framework is intended to guide appraisers in conducting a thorough evaluation of the research methodology, execution, and implications of experimental and quasi-experimental studies.
This document provides an outline for critiquing a research study. It includes sections to evaluate the problem statement, literature review, research design, instruments, data analysis, and conclusions. The critique examines aspects like variable definitions, sampling methods, reliability and validity of tools, appropriate use of statistics, and implications of the findings. The overall goal is to provide a systematic analysis of the strengths and limitations of the research.
This document provides guidelines for critically appraising a research article or study. It outlines key areas to examine such as the title, abstract, research problem and questions, objectives, hypotheses, study design, population, data collection, methodology, sampling methods, controls, ethical considerations, and conclusions. Critically evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of a study is essential to determine how its findings should influence decision making and if the results are valid and consistent with other research. The critical appraisal process is a fundamental skill for assessing clinical research quality and relevance.
Write a Critical Review of a Scientific Journal (1).pptxssuser3fa655
1. The document outlines the steps to write a critical review of a scientific journal article, including identifying how and why the research was carried out, establishing the research context, evaluating the research, and establishing the significance of the research.
2. Key steps include reviewing the literature, methods, and results sections to understand how the study was conducted and what it found, and evaluating aspects like the sample size, research design, and whether conclusions are supported by results.
3. When establishing significance, the review considers if the research advances knowledge, has practical applications, and what the implications are in areas like science, technology, medicine, and society.
This document outlines the criteria for critiquing a research study. It breaks the critique down into 12 sections: (1) problem statement and purpose, (2) literature review and theoretical framework, (3) hypotheses/research questions, (4) sample, (5) research design, (6) instruments, (7) data analysis, (8) conclusions/implications. Each section lists several questions to guide the evaluation of that aspect of the study, such as whether the problem statement specifies the variables and population, if the sample and design match the problem/purpose, and if the conclusions are supported by the results. The overall purpose is to provide a systematic way to assess the strengths and limitations of a research undertaking.
This document provides an overview of critiquing research. It defines research critique as a systematic and unbiased examination of all aspects of a study. The purposes of critique include assessing methodological skills, advancing nursing knowledge, and guiding researchers. Both quantitative and qualitative critiques are discussed. For quantitative critiques, elements like the introduction, problem statement, literature review, methodology, and results are evaluated. For qualitative critiques, aspects such as the phenomenon of interest, purpose, method, sampling, data analysis, findings, and conclusions are examined. Overall, the document outlines the important components and process of critiquing research to strengthen evidence-based practice in nursing.
MSN5300: Advanced Nursing Inquiry, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice Team:____________
Critical Appraisal Worksheet for Group Project 2, Part b
Elements of Appraisal
Discussion
Study Design
Was the study a qualitative or quantitative design? Explain.
Practice Problem
State the practice problem/issue that is the focus of the study.
How does this practice problem/issue affect
your nursing practice?
Study Purpose
State the purpose of the study.
Discuss whether this study was feasible to conduct in terms of money commitment; the researchers' expertise; availability of subjects, and ethical considerations.
Review of Literature
Was the literature review organized to show the progressive development of evidence from previous research?
Was a clear, concise summary presented of the current empirical and theoretical knowledge in the area of the study?
Did the literature review summary identify what was known and not known about the research problem? Did it logically direct the research purpose?
Theoretical Framework
Is a conceptual model or theoretical framework used? If so, is it presented with clarity? Does it adequately explain the phenomenon of concern?
Is the framework linked to the research purpose? If not, would another framework fit more logically with the study?
If a proposition or relationship from a theory is to be tested, is the proposition clearly identified and linked to the study hypothesis?
Research Question(s) and Hpothesis(es)
What is the research question? Is it clearly stated?
Does the research question match the purpose of the study?
What is the research hypothesis? Is it clearly stated?
Does the hypothesis match the purpose of the study?
Formulate a null hypothesis for this study.
Were the objectives, questions, or hypotheses logically linked to the concepts and relationships (propositions) in the framework? Explain.
Variables
List all research variables with corresponding levels of measurement on the NOIR scale.
Do variables represent the concepts identified in the framework?
How is each study variable defined (both conceptually
and operationally)?
Are conceptual definitions of variables consistent with operational definitions?
Study Design
What was the design was used in the study? Was it the most appropriate design to answer the study question? Explain.
Was the design logically linked to the sampling method and statistical analyses?
Did the design provide a means to examine
all objectives, questions, or hypotheses?
If there was an intervention (treatment) in the study:
· what was the intervention? was it clearly described?
· was the treatment appropriate for examining the study purpose and hypotheses?
· did the study framework explain the links between the treatment (independent variab.
This document provides guidance on how to conduct a critical appraisal or critique of a research report. It emphasizes that a critique requires careful examination of all aspects of a study, including its methodology, analysis, and conclusions. The critique should objectively assess both the strengths and limitations of the research. Key aspects that should be evaluated include the study's design, sampling approach, data collection and analysis methods, and whether ethical standards were upheld. The critique aims to advance scientific knowledge by helping to identify ways future studies could be improved.
This document provides a checklist for evaluating research articles by examining several components of a research paper, including the title, abstract, introduction, literature review, samples, instruments, methods, analysis, results, and discussion sections. The checklist contains over 100 questions to consider for each section to help determine if the key elements of the research study and its findings are clearly described and presented. The goal is to effectively evaluate the research and make meaning from what is read within the time available.
This document provides guidelines for critically analyzing a research report or study. It defines what is meant by being critical and providing a critical review. It outlines the key aspects of a research study that should be evaluated such as the background, methodology, results, and conclusions. Specific criteria are provided for critiquing different sections of a research report, including the problem statement, objectives, literature review, design, sample, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and conclusions. The purpose of a critical review is to judge the scientific merits and quality of a research study.
This document provides guidelines for critiquing research. It defines a research critique as a critical evaluation of a research report that assesses its strengths and limitations. A critique involves carefully examining all aspects of a study to judge its merits, meaning and significance. It is important as it helps advance nursing knowledge and encourages evidence-based practice. The document outlines the process and elements to consider when critiquing different types of research, including assessing the research problem, methodology, results and conclusions. It provides criteria for evaluating both quantitative and qualitative studies to allow for a systematic and unbiased examination of a research report.
ARTICLE CRITIQUEINTRODUCTIONProblemIs there a st.docxfestockton
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
INTRODUCTION
Problem
Is there a statement of the problem or a qualitative
Yes
No
N/A
topic of study?
Does the problem of topic indicate a particular focus of study?
Is the problem “researchable,” that is, can it be investigated
through the collection and analysis of data?
Is the background information on the problem presented?
Is the educational significance of the problem discussed?
Does the quantitative problem statement indicate the variables of interest and the specific relationship between
those variables that were investigated?
Does the qualitative problem statement provide a general
indication of the research topic or issue?
When necessary, are variables directly or operationally
defined?
Does the researcher have the knowledge and skill to carry
out the proposed research?
Review of the Related Literature
Is the review comprehensive?
Are all references cited relevant to the problem under investigation?
Are most of the sources primary; i.e., are there only a few
or no secondary sources?
Have the references been analyzed and critiqued, and the results of various studies compared and contrasted? That
is, is the review more than a series of abstracts or annotations?
Is the relevancy of each reference explained?
Is the review well organized?
Does it logically flow in such a way that the references least
related to the problem are discussed first and the most
related references are discussed last?
2
Does it educate the reader about the problem or topic?
Does the review conclude with a summary and interpretation
of the literature and its implications for the problem investigated?
Do the implications discussed form an empirical or theoretical
rationale for the hypotheses that follow?
Are references cited completely and accurately?
Hypothesis
Are specific questions to be answered listed or specific
hypotheses to be tested stated?
Does each hypothesis state an expected relationship or
difference?
If necessary, are variables directly or operationally defined?
Is each hypothesis testable?
METHODS
Participants
Are the size and major characteristics of the population
studied described?
Are the accessible and target populations described?
If a sample was selected, is the method of selecting the
sample clearly described?
Does the method of sample selection suggest any limitations
or biases in the sample?
For example, is stratified sampling
used to obtain sample subgroups?
Are the size and major characteristics of the sample described?
Does the sample size meet the suggested guideline for minimum
sample size appropriate for quantitative analyses?
Instruments
Do instruments and their administration meet guidelines for
protecting human subjects?
Have needed permissions been obtained?
Is the rationale given for the selection of the instruments (or
measurements) used?
Is each instrument described in terms of purpose, ...
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods StudyNURS 5052NURS 6052.docxannettsparrow
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods Study
NURS 5052/NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
FORMTEXT
Your name:
FORMTEXT
Article reference (in APA style):
FORMTEXT
URL:
FORMTEXT
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
MIXED-METHODS RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
1. Researcher Pre-understandings and / or Hypotheses and Research Questions
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem? What are the hypotheses (or research questions/objectives) of the study? (Sometimes the hypotheses or study questions are listed in the Results section, rather than preceding the report of the methodology used. Occasionally, there will be no mention of hypotheses, but anytime there are inferential statistics used, the reader can recognize what the hypotheses are from looking at the results of statistical analysis.)
2. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
3. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual fra.
University of Guelph, Learning Commons Library (httpwww.lib.uog.docxdickonsondorris
University of Guelph, Learning Commons Library (http://www.lib.uoguelph.ca/get-assistance/writing/specific-types-papers/using-scientific-journal-article-write-critical-review)
Using a Scientific Journal Article to Write a Critical Review
Writing a critical review of a journal article can help to improve your research skills. By assessing the work of others, you develop skills as a critical reader and become familiar with the types of evaluation criteria that will be applied to research in your field and thus your own research.
You are expected to read the article carefully, analyse it, and evaluate the quality and originality of the research, as well as its relevance and presentation. Its strengths and weaknesses are assessed, followed by its overall value. Do not be confused by the term critique: it does not mean that you only look at the negative aspects of what the researcher has done. You should address both the positive and negative aspects.
If your lecturer has given you specific advice on how to write a critical review, follow that advice. If not, the following steps may help you. These steps are based on a detailed description of how to analyse and evaluate a research article provided by Wood (2003) in her lab guide.
This guide is divided into two parts. The first part, "Researching the Critique," outlines the steps involved in selecting and evaluating a research article. The second part, "Writing your Critique," discusses two possible ways to structure your critique paper.
A. Researching the Critique
The questions listed under many of the subheadings in this section may provide you with a good place to begin understanding what you are looking for and what form your critique might take.
1. Select a Topic
If your lecturer does not assign a topic or a particular article for you to review, and you must choose a topic yourself, try using a review article from your field. Review articles summarize and evaluate current studies (research articles) on a particular topic. Select a review article on a topic that interests you and that is written clearly so you can understand it.
2. Select a Research Article
Use the review article to select a research article. This can be very useful in writing your critique. The review article will provide background information for your analysis, as well as establishing that the research paper you are critiquing is significant: if the paper was not so highly regarded, it would not have been selected to be reviewed.
When choosing a research article, examine the Materials & Methods section closely and make sure you have a good grasp of the techniques and methods used. If you don't, you may have difficulty evaluating them.
3. Analyse the Text
Read the article(s) carefully. As you read the article(s) use the following questions to help you understand how and why the research was carried out.
· What is the author's central purpose? Look at INTRODUCTION.
· What methods were used to accomplish this purpose (systematic recor ...
(1) Critique Template for a Qualitative StudyNURS 6052Week.docxkatherncarlyle
(1): Critique Template for a Qualitative Study
NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
Your name:
Article reference (in APA style):
URL:
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
2. Researcher Pre-understandings
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem?
3. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
4. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual framework identified? If so, what is it? Is it a nursing framework or one drawn from another discipline? (Sometimes there is no explicitly identified theoretical or conceptual framework; in addition, many “nursing” research studies draw on a “borrowed” framework, e.g., stress, medical pathology, etc.)
5. Participants
Who were the participants? Is the setting or study group adequately described? Is the setting appropriate for the research question? What type of sampling strategy was used? Was it appropriate? Was the sample size adequate? Did t ...
Critiquing research studies and articles is one of the method to improve the quality of research projects and it is also a method to learn research methodology for beginners.
List of articles that were used in past papers that cannot be usedRIYAN43
This document provides guidance for writing a research critique assignment on a nursing-related research article. It lists topics that must be addressed in the critique, including describing the research problem, reviewing the literature, discussing the theoretical framework, methodology, data analysis, conclusions, and implications for nursing. The critique must be 4-6 pages plus a cover page and reference page, and follow APA style. Articles used previously or that are review articles cannot be selected.
NURS 502 Nursing Science and the Research Process.docx4934bk
This document outlines 11 criteria for critiquing research articles in nursing science and the research process. The criteria include evaluating the title and authors, introduction, problem statement, literature review, theoretical framework, methodology, sample, instruments, data analysis, results, and conclusion. For each criterion, the document provides questions to consider to determine if the research article satisfied the criteria, such as whether the purpose and significance are discussed in the introduction or if the statistical analyses are appropriate.
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods StudyNURS 6052Week 6 A.docxfaithxdunce63732
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods Study
NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
FORMTEXT
Your name:
FORMTEXT
Article reference (in APA style):
FORMTEXT
URL:
FORMTEXT
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
MIXED-METHODS RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
1. Researcher Pre-understandings and / or Hypotheses and Research Questions
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem? What are the hypotheses (or research questions/objectives) of the study? (Sometimes the hypotheses or study questions are listed in the Results section, rather than preceding the report of the methodology used. Occasionally, there will be no mention of hypotheses, but anytime there are inferential statistics used, the reader can recognize what the hypotheses are from looking at the results of statistical analysis.)
2. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
3. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual framework ide.
Conduct a literature search to select a qualitative Research.docxpatricke8
Conduct a literature search to select a
qualitative Research Article
related to the problem identified in Burn out Once your article is approved, conduct an initial critical appraisal by responding to the following questions:
What type of qualitative research design was utilized to conduct the study?
Are the results valid/trustworthy and credible?
· How were the participants chosen?
· How were accuracy and completeness of data assured?
· How plausible/believable are the results?
Are implications of the research stated?
· May new insights increase sensitivity to others’ needs?
· May understandings enhance situational competence?
What is the effect on the reader?
· Are the results plausible and believable?
· Is the reader imaginatively drawn to the experience?
What are the results of the study?
· Does the research approach fit the purpose of the study?
How does the researcher identify the study approach?
· Are the data collection and analysis techniques appropriate?
Is the significance/importance of the study explicit?
· Does the literature support a need for the study?
· What is the study’s potential contribution?
Is the sampling clear and guided by study needs?
· Does the researcher control selection of the sample?
· Do sample size and composition reflect the study needs?
· Is the phenomenon (human experience) clearly identified?
Are data collection procedures clear?
· Are sources and means of verifying data explicit?
· Are researcher roles and activities explained?
Are data analysis procedures described?
· Does analysis guide directions of sampling when it ends?
· Are data management processes described?
· What are the reported results (descriptive or interpretation)?
How are specific findings presented?
· Are the data meanings derived from data described in context?
· Does the writing effectively promote understanding?
Will the results help me care for my patients?
· Are the results relevant to persons in similar situations?
· Are the results relevant to patient values and/or circumstances?
· How may the results be applied to clinical practice?
Please be sure to answer the questions thoroughly using complete sentences and APA format. Explain responses to yes/no questions in detail by presenting information found in the study to support your response.
Provide a reference for the article according to APA format.
Expectations
Clearly and fully answer all questions
Include a title page and reference page in APA format 7th edition.
Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of one scholarly source for the article is required
.
1. The document provides guidelines for critiquing a research paper, outlining major sections to evaluate such as the problem statement, literature review, hypotheses, sample, research design, instruments, data analysis, and conclusions.
2. Key areas to assess include whether the relationships between variables are clearly defined, the sample and design are appropriate, reliability and validity of instruments is reported, and statistical analysis and conclusions follow from the study design and results.
3. The guidelines are intended to help critically evaluate how well a research paper is designed and conducted.
The document provides guidance on how to critically appraise research studies and articles. It discusses evaluating key aspects of research such as the problem statement, objectives, hypotheses, conceptual framework, literature review, research design, sampling, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Criteria are provided to assess each component, such as whether the problem is clearly defined, objectives are measurable, sampling and data collection methods are appropriate, and participant rights are protected. Recommended sources on nursing research and critiques are also listed.
This document provides guidance on critiquing research studies. It defines a research critique as an analysis that focuses on a study's strengths and limitations. The purpose is to determine a study's usefulness. Key aspects of a critique examine the study's purpose, methodology, outcomes, conclusions, and overall quality. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies are discussed. The document outlines essential questions to consider for critiquing different parts of a study, such as the literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. Critiquing helps evaluate the scientific soundness and validity of published research.
1Week 5Critiquing Research Articles to Prepare an Annotated B.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
Week 5:Critiquing Research Articles to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography
As mentioned, one component of becoming an independent scholar is learning how to provide an evaluative critique of the work of other scholars. A critique of scholarly work requires your ability to use high level critical thinking skills. In addition, you must be able to write constructively and communicate your ideas well with clear and focused writing.
The purpose of this assignment is two-fold. First, you are to demonstrate your ability to clearly and precisely summarize and critically evaluate specific information from peer-reviewed resources. Secondly, you are to demonstrate your ability to clearly present that evaluative information in writing that meets academic and professional expectations. These skills will be invaluable as you go on to develop your literature review and in your journey to become an independent scholar.
The result of this activity is produce annotated bibliographies based on the two peer-reviewed journal articles related to your chosen topic (you are welcome to include more articles for practice and feedback). Use the sections and questions below to help you critique each article. You do not need to answer every single question as some questions might not apply. The questions are listed as a means to help you generate ideas as you work on critiquing each article. You might also consider using this template in the future when critically analyzing articles.
Please REMOVE the instructions and questions listed below for your paper and submit an annotated bibliography for each article.
Link to peer reviewed article one:
http://intqhc.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/6/341
1) APA reference for article #1
2)Introductionand core study elements
· Give an overview of the purpose of the study and the problem or issue discussed.
· Consider whether the problem is clearly described. Did the author(s) document and support the existence of the problem with scholarly sources and data? Were the sources credible and relevant (as defined by the readings you’ve done for this course)?
· What were the research questions?
· What were the key findings and conclusions of the study?
3) Evaluate literature reviewed
· Examine the literature reviewed by the author(s). How relevant is the) cited literature? Do certain ideas or concepts appear to be over/underemphasized? Was there any bias in language or tone of the writing? What discussions need elaboration or could be more concise? What is missing?
4) Evaluate theoretical framework
· What theoretical or conceptual framework was used as the basis for the study? What are the key variables and from which theories do they originate? Are variables well-defined? What alternative theories might support this study?
5) Evaluate methods
· What research method and designs are used in this study?
· How well are the methods described (could a reader duplicate the research process if needed)?
· Do the m ...
The document discusses research critique and provides guidance on critiquing both quantitative and qualitative research. It defines research critique as a systematic, unbiased examination of all aspects of a study to evaluate its merits, limitations, and significance. Research critique is important for advancing nursing knowledge and implementing evidence-based practice. The document outlines the key elements to focus on when critiquing different parts of a study, such as the introduction, methods, results, and conclusions. It emphasizes being objective, constructive, and focusing on both strengths and weaknesses.
Critical appraisal of a scientific paper and publication skillsAmit Agrawal
Research involves gathering of data, collection of data and analysis of the data to produce meaningful information.
However, many of the research are not in good quality and many studies may be biased
1000 Words Research several organizations where you would like t.docxtrippettjettie
1000 Words
Research several organizations where you would like to volunteer - Facebook
Write a plan that explains where you would volunteer and in which department or area.
- Finance: How much does Facebook page brings in for advertisement revenue?
Be specific as to exactly what you would do and how it fits within your major - Business Management
Use good formatting, paragraphs, an Outline (such as cover/title page including your name, date, locations/organizations), Introduction paragraph(s), Main body sections (you name, given the content/topics/organizations), Conclusion, and References (if used in your writing).
.
100 wordsChapter 14 Theoretical Basis of CommunityPublic Heal.docxtrippettjettie
100 words
Chapter 14 Theoretical Basis of Community/Public Health Nursing Public health nursing is a community-oriented, population-focused nursing specialty that is based on interpersonal relationships. The unit of care is the community or population rather than the individual, and the goal is to promote healthy communities. The community health nurse has been assigned to count and interview homeless people sleeping in the local park to help in identifying programs to provide food, clothing, shelter, health care, and job training for the population. The community health nurse has to consider the eight principles of public health nursing in community health nursing practice when completing the assignment 1. There are essential characteristics of nursing service when a community is the client. Describe community-oriented, population-focused care, and relationship-based care. What type of care is been completed by the community health nurse who has been assigned to count and interview homeless people sleeping in the local park to help in identifying programs to provide food, clothing, shelter, health care, and job training for the population? 2. The goals of public health nursing, to promote and protect the health of communities, are facilitated by adhering to eight principles identified by the American Nurses Association (2007) for public health nursing practice. The community health nurse has to consider the eight principles of public health nursing in community health nursing practice when completing the assignment with homeless individuals. What are the eight principles? 3. There are numerous models of nursing practice that can be utilized in community health nursing practice. Theories and models of community/public health nursing practice aid the nurse in understanding the rationale behind community-oriented care. What are five of these models of nursing practice with a brief summary of the model?
.
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Similar to Assignment 1 Evaluation of a peer-reviewed articlePurpose The .docx
MSN5300: Advanced Nursing Inquiry, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice Team:____________
Critical Appraisal Worksheet for Group Project 2, Part b
Elements of Appraisal
Discussion
Study Design
Was the study a qualitative or quantitative design? Explain.
Practice Problem
State the practice problem/issue that is the focus of the study.
How does this practice problem/issue affect
your nursing practice?
Study Purpose
State the purpose of the study.
Discuss whether this study was feasible to conduct in terms of money commitment; the researchers' expertise; availability of subjects, and ethical considerations.
Review of Literature
Was the literature review organized to show the progressive development of evidence from previous research?
Was a clear, concise summary presented of the current empirical and theoretical knowledge in the area of the study?
Did the literature review summary identify what was known and not known about the research problem? Did it logically direct the research purpose?
Theoretical Framework
Is a conceptual model or theoretical framework used? If so, is it presented with clarity? Does it adequately explain the phenomenon of concern?
Is the framework linked to the research purpose? If not, would another framework fit more logically with the study?
If a proposition or relationship from a theory is to be tested, is the proposition clearly identified and linked to the study hypothesis?
Research Question(s) and Hpothesis(es)
What is the research question? Is it clearly stated?
Does the research question match the purpose of the study?
What is the research hypothesis? Is it clearly stated?
Does the hypothesis match the purpose of the study?
Formulate a null hypothesis for this study.
Were the objectives, questions, or hypotheses logically linked to the concepts and relationships (propositions) in the framework? Explain.
Variables
List all research variables with corresponding levels of measurement on the NOIR scale.
Do variables represent the concepts identified in the framework?
How is each study variable defined (both conceptually
and operationally)?
Are conceptual definitions of variables consistent with operational definitions?
Study Design
What was the design was used in the study? Was it the most appropriate design to answer the study question? Explain.
Was the design logically linked to the sampling method and statistical analyses?
Did the design provide a means to examine
all objectives, questions, or hypotheses?
If there was an intervention (treatment) in the study:
· what was the intervention? was it clearly described?
· was the treatment appropriate for examining the study purpose and hypotheses?
· did the study framework explain the links between the treatment (independent variab.
This document provides guidance on how to conduct a critical appraisal or critique of a research report. It emphasizes that a critique requires careful examination of all aspects of a study, including its methodology, analysis, and conclusions. The critique should objectively assess both the strengths and limitations of the research. Key aspects that should be evaluated include the study's design, sampling approach, data collection and analysis methods, and whether ethical standards were upheld. The critique aims to advance scientific knowledge by helping to identify ways future studies could be improved.
This document provides a checklist for evaluating research articles by examining several components of a research paper, including the title, abstract, introduction, literature review, samples, instruments, methods, analysis, results, and discussion sections. The checklist contains over 100 questions to consider for each section to help determine if the key elements of the research study and its findings are clearly described and presented. The goal is to effectively evaluate the research and make meaning from what is read within the time available.
This document provides guidelines for critically analyzing a research report or study. It defines what is meant by being critical and providing a critical review. It outlines the key aspects of a research study that should be evaluated such as the background, methodology, results, and conclusions. Specific criteria are provided for critiquing different sections of a research report, including the problem statement, objectives, literature review, design, sample, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and conclusions. The purpose of a critical review is to judge the scientific merits and quality of a research study.
This document provides guidelines for critiquing research. It defines a research critique as a critical evaluation of a research report that assesses its strengths and limitations. A critique involves carefully examining all aspects of a study to judge its merits, meaning and significance. It is important as it helps advance nursing knowledge and encourages evidence-based practice. The document outlines the process and elements to consider when critiquing different types of research, including assessing the research problem, methodology, results and conclusions. It provides criteria for evaluating both quantitative and qualitative studies to allow for a systematic and unbiased examination of a research report.
ARTICLE CRITIQUEINTRODUCTIONProblemIs there a st.docxfestockton
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
INTRODUCTION
Problem
Is there a statement of the problem or a qualitative
Yes
No
N/A
topic of study?
Does the problem of topic indicate a particular focus of study?
Is the problem “researchable,” that is, can it be investigated
through the collection and analysis of data?
Is the background information on the problem presented?
Is the educational significance of the problem discussed?
Does the quantitative problem statement indicate the variables of interest and the specific relationship between
those variables that were investigated?
Does the qualitative problem statement provide a general
indication of the research topic or issue?
When necessary, are variables directly or operationally
defined?
Does the researcher have the knowledge and skill to carry
out the proposed research?
Review of the Related Literature
Is the review comprehensive?
Are all references cited relevant to the problem under investigation?
Are most of the sources primary; i.e., are there only a few
or no secondary sources?
Have the references been analyzed and critiqued, and the results of various studies compared and contrasted? That
is, is the review more than a series of abstracts or annotations?
Is the relevancy of each reference explained?
Is the review well organized?
Does it logically flow in such a way that the references least
related to the problem are discussed first and the most
related references are discussed last?
2
Does it educate the reader about the problem or topic?
Does the review conclude with a summary and interpretation
of the literature and its implications for the problem investigated?
Do the implications discussed form an empirical or theoretical
rationale for the hypotheses that follow?
Are references cited completely and accurately?
Hypothesis
Are specific questions to be answered listed or specific
hypotheses to be tested stated?
Does each hypothesis state an expected relationship or
difference?
If necessary, are variables directly or operationally defined?
Is each hypothesis testable?
METHODS
Participants
Are the size and major characteristics of the population
studied described?
Are the accessible and target populations described?
If a sample was selected, is the method of selecting the
sample clearly described?
Does the method of sample selection suggest any limitations
or biases in the sample?
For example, is stratified sampling
used to obtain sample subgroups?
Are the size and major characteristics of the sample described?
Does the sample size meet the suggested guideline for minimum
sample size appropriate for quantitative analyses?
Instruments
Do instruments and their administration meet guidelines for
protecting human subjects?
Have needed permissions been obtained?
Is the rationale given for the selection of the instruments (or
measurements) used?
Is each instrument described in terms of purpose, ...
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods StudyNURS 5052NURS 6052.docxannettsparrow
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods Study
NURS 5052/NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
FORMTEXT
Your name:
FORMTEXT
Article reference (in APA style):
FORMTEXT
URL:
FORMTEXT
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
MIXED-METHODS RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
1. Researcher Pre-understandings and / or Hypotheses and Research Questions
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem? What are the hypotheses (or research questions/objectives) of the study? (Sometimes the hypotheses or study questions are listed in the Results section, rather than preceding the report of the methodology used. Occasionally, there will be no mention of hypotheses, but anytime there are inferential statistics used, the reader can recognize what the hypotheses are from looking at the results of statistical analysis.)
2. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
3. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual fra.
University of Guelph, Learning Commons Library (httpwww.lib.uog.docxdickonsondorris
University of Guelph, Learning Commons Library (http://www.lib.uoguelph.ca/get-assistance/writing/specific-types-papers/using-scientific-journal-article-write-critical-review)
Using a Scientific Journal Article to Write a Critical Review
Writing a critical review of a journal article can help to improve your research skills. By assessing the work of others, you develop skills as a critical reader and become familiar with the types of evaluation criteria that will be applied to research in your field and thus your own research.
You are expected to read the article carefully, analyse it, and evaluate the quality and originality of the research, as well as its relevance and presentation. Its strengths and weaknesses are assessed, followed by its overall value. Do not be confused by the term critique: it does not mean that you only look at the negative aspects of what the researcher has done. You should address both the positive and negative aspects.
If your lecturer has given you specific advice on how to write a critical review, follow that advice. If not, the following steps may help you. These steps are based on a detailed description of how to analyse and evaluate a research article provided by Wood (2003) in her lab guide.
This guide is divided into two parts. The first part, "Researching the Critique," outlines the steps involved in selecting and evaluating a research article. The second part, "Writing your Critique," discusses two possible ways to structure your critique paper.
A. Researching the Critique
The questions listed under many of the subheadings in this section may provide you with a good place to begin understanding what you are looking for and what form your critique might take.
1. Select a Topic
If your lecturer does not assign a topic or a particular article for you to review, and you must choose a topic yourself, try using a review article from your field. Review articles summarize and evaluate current studies (research articles) on a particular topic. Select a review article on a topic that interests you and that is written clearly so you can understand it.
2. Select a Research Article
Use the review article to select a research article. This can be very useful in writing your critique. The review article will provide background information for your analysis, as well as establishing that the research paper you are critiquing is significant: if the paper was not so highly regarded, it would not have been selected to be reviewed.
When choosing a research article, examine the Materials & Methods section closely and make sure you have a good grasp of the techniques and methods used. If you don't, you may have difficulty evaluating them.
3. Analyse the Text
Read the article(s) carefully. As you read the article(s) use the following questions to help you understand how and why the research was carried out.
· What is the author's central purpose? Look at INTRODUCTION.
· What methods were used to accomplish this purpose (systematic recor ...
(1) Critique Template for a Qualitative StudyNURS 6052Week.docxkatherncarlyle
(1): Critique Template for a Qualitative Study
NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
Your name:
Article reference (in APA style):
URL:
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
2. Researcher Pre-understandings
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem?
3. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
4. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual framework identified? If so, what is it? Is it a nursing framework or one drawn from another discipline? (Sometimes there is no explicitly identified theoretical or conceptual framework; in addition, many “nursing” research studies draw on a “borrowed” framework, e.g., stress, medical pathology, etc.)
5. Participants
Who were the participants? Is the setting or study group adequately described? Is the setting appropriate for the research question? What type of sampling strategy was used? Was it appropriate? Was the sample size adequate? Did t ...
Critiquing research studies and articles is one of the method to improve the quality of research projects and it is also a method to learn research methodology for beginners.
List of articles that were used in past papers that cannot be usedRIYAN43
This document provides guidance for writing a research critique assignment on a nursing-related research article. It lists topics that must be addressed in the critique, including describing the research problem, reviewing the literature, discussing the theoretical framework, methodology, data analysis, conclusions, and implications for nursing. The critique must be 4-6 pages plus a cover page and reference page, and follow APA style. Articles used previously or that are review articles cannot be selected.
NURS 502 Nursing Science and the Research Process.docx4934bk
This document outlines 11 criteria for critiquing research articles in nursing science and the research process. The criteria include evaluating the title and authors, introduction, problem statement, literature review, theoretical framework, methodology, sample, instruments, data analysis, results, and conclusion. For each criterion, the document provides questions to consider to determine if the research article satisfied the criteria, such as whether the purpose and significance are discussed in the introduction or if the statistical analyses are appropriate.
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods StudyNURS 6052Week 6 A.docxfaithxdunce63732
Critique Template for a Mixed-Methods Study
NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
FORMTEXT
Your name:
FORMTEXT
Article reference (in APA style):
FORMTEXT
URL:
FORMTEXT
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
MIXED-METHODS RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
1. Researcher Pre-understandings and / or Hypotheses and Research Questions
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem? What are the hypotheses (or research questions/objectives) of the study? (Sometimes the hypotheses or study questions are listed in the Results section, rather than preceding the report of the methodology used. Occasionally, there will be no mention of hypotheses, but anytime there are inferential statistics used, the reader can recognize what the hypotheses are from looking at the results of statistical analysis.)
2. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
3. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual framework ide.
Conduct a literature search to select a qualitative Research.docxpatricke8
Conduct a literature search to select a
qualitative Research Article
related to the problem identified in Burn out Once your article is approved, conduct an initial critical appraisal by responding to the following questions:
What type of qualitative research design was utilized to conduct the study?
Are the results valid/trustworthy and credible?
· How were the participants chosen?
· How were accuracy and completeness of data assured?
· How plausible/believable are the results?
Are implications of the research stated?
· May new insights increase sensitivity to others’ needs?
· May understandings enhance situational competence?
What is the effect on the reader?
· Are the results plausible and believable?
· Is the reader imaginatively drawn to the experience?
What are the results of the study?
· Does the research approach fit the purpose of the study?
How does the researcher identify the study approach?
· Are the data collection and analysis techniques appropriate?
Is the significance/importance of the study explicit?
· Does the literature support a need for the study?
· What is the study’s potential contribution?
Is the sampling clear and guided by study needs?
· Does the researcher control selection of the sample?
· Do sample size and composition reflect the study needs?
· Is the phenomenon (human experience) clearly identified?
Are data collection procedures clear?
· Are sources and means of verifying data explicit?
· Are researcher roles and activities explained?
Are data analysis procedures described?
· Does analysis guide directions of sampling when it ends?
· Are data management processes described?
· What are the reported results (descriptive or interpretation)?
How are specific findings presented?
· Are the data meanings derived from data described in context?
· Does the writing effectively promote understanding?
Will the results help me care for my patients?
· Are the results relevant to persons in similar situations?
· Are the results relevant to patient values and/or circumstances?
· How may the results be applied to clinical practice?
Please be sure to answer the questions thoroughly using complete sentences and APA format. Explain responses to yes/no questions in detail by presenting information found in the study to support your response.
Provide a reference for the article according to APA format.
Expectations
Clearly and fully answer all questions
Include a title page and reference page in APA format 7th edition.
Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of one scholarly source for the article is required
.
1. The document provides guidelines for critiquing a research paper, outlining major sections to evaluate such as the problem statement, literature review, hypotheses, sample, research design, instruments, data analysis, and conclusions.
2. Key areas to assess include whether the relationships between variables are clearly defined, the sample and design are appropriate, reliability and validity of instruments is reported, and statistical analysis and conclusions follow from the study design and results.
3. The guidelines are intended to help critically evaluate how well a research paper is designed and conducted.
The document provides guidance on how to critically appraise research studies and articles. It discusses evaluating key aspects of research such as the problem statement, objectives, hypotheses, conceptual framework, literature review, research design, sampling, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Criteria are provided to assess each component, such as whether the problem is clearly defined, objectives are measurable, sampling and data collection methods are appropriate, and participant rights are protected. Recommended sources on nursing research and critiques are also listed.
This document provides guidance on critiquing research studies. It defines a research critique as an analysis that focuses on a study's strengths and limitations. The purpose is to determine a study's usefulness. Key aspects of a critique examine the study's purpose, methodology, outcomes, conclusions, and overall quality. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies are discussed. The document outlines essential questions to consider for critiquing different parts of a study, such as the literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. Critiquing helps evaluate the scientific soundness and validity of published research.
1Week 5Critiquing Research Articles to Prepare an Annotated B.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
Week 5:Critiquing Research Articles to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography
As mentioned, one component of becoming an independent scholar is learning how to provide an evaluative critique of the work of other scholars. A critique of scholarly work requires your ability to use high level critical thinking skills. In addition, you must be able to write constructively and communicate your ideas well with clear and focused writing.
The purpose of this assignment is two-fold. First, you are to demonstrate your ability to clearly and precisely summarize and critically evaluate specific information from peer-reviewed resources. Secondly, you are to demonstrate your ability to clearly present that evaluative information in writing that meets academic and professional expectations. These skills will be invaluable as you go on to develop your literature review and in your journey to become an independent scholar.
The result of this activity is produce annotated bibliographies based on the two peer-reviewed journal articles related to your chosen topic (you are welcome to include more articles for practice and feedback). Use the sections and questions below to help you critique each article. You do not need to answer every single question as some questions might not apply. The questions are listed as a means to help you generate ideas as you work on critiquing each article. You might also consider using this template in the future when critically analyzing articles.
Please REMOVE the instructions and questions listed below for your paper and submit an annotated bibliography for each article.
Link to peer reviewed article one:
http://intqhc.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/6/341
1) APA reference for article #1
2)Introductionand core study elements
· Give an overview of the purpose of the study and the problem or issue discussed.
· Consider whether the problem is clearly described. Did the author(s) document and support the existence of the problem with scholarly sources and data? Were the sources credible and relevant (as defined by the readings you’ve done for this course)?
· What were the research questions?
· What were the key findings and conclusions of the study?
3) Evaluate literature reviewed
· Examine the literature reviewed by the author(s). How relevant is the) cited literature? Do certain ideas or concepts appear to be over/underemphasized? Was there any bias in language or tone of the writing? What discussions need elaboration or could be more concise? What is missing?
4) Evaluate theoretical framework
· What theoretical or conceptual framework was used as the basis for the study? What are the key variables and from which theories do they originate? Are variables well-defined? What alternative theories might support this study?
5) Evaluate methods
· What research method and designs are used in this study?
· How well are the methods described (could a reader duplicate the research process if needed)?
· Do the m ...
The document discusses research critique and provides guidance on critiquing both quantitative and qualitative research. It defines research critique as a systematic, unbiased examination of all aspects of a study to evaluate its merits, limitations, and significance. Research critique is important for advancing nursing knowledge and implementing evidence-based practice. The document outlines the key elements to focus on when critiquing different parts of a study, such as the introduction, methods, results, and conclusions. It emphasizes being objective, constructive, and focusing on both strengths and weaknesses.
Critical appraisal of a scientific paper and publication skillsAmit Agrawal
Research involves gathering of data, collection of data and analysis of the data to produce meaningful information.
However, many of the research are not in good quality and many studies may be biased
Similar to Assignment 1 Evaluation of a peer-reviewed articlePurpose The .docx (20)
1000 Words Research several organizations where you would like t.docxtrippettjettie
1000 Words
Research several organizations where you would like to volunteer - Facebook
Write a plan that explains where you would volunteer and in which department or area.
- Finance: How much does Facebook page brings in for advertisement revenue?
Be specific as to exactly what you would do and how it fits within your major - Business Management
Use good formatting, paragraphs, an Outline (such as cover/title page including your name, date, locations/organizations), Introduction paragraph(s), Main body sections (you name, given the content/topics/organizations), Conclusion, and References (if used in your writing).
.
100 wordsChapter 14 Theoretical Basis of CommunityPublic Heal.docxtrippettjettie
100 words
Chapter 14 Theoretical Basis of Community/Public Health Nursing Public health nursing is a community-oriented, population-focused nursing specialty that is based on interpersonal relationships. The unit of care is the community or population rather than the individual, and the goal is to promote healthy communities. The community health nurse has been assigned to count and interview homeless people sleeping in the local park to help in identifying programs to provide food, clothing, shelter, health care, and job training for the population. The community health nurse has to consider the eight principles of public health nursing in community health nursing practice when completing the assignment 1. There are essential characteristics of nursing service when a community is the client. Describe community-oriented, population-focused care, and relationship-based care. What type of care is been completed by the community health nurse who has been assigned to count and interview homeless people sleeping in the local park to help in identifying programs to provide food, clothing, shelter, health care, and job training for the population? 2. The goals of public health nursing, to promote and protect the health of communities, are facilitated by adhering to eight principles identified by the American Nurses Association (2007) for public health nursing practice. The community health nurse has to consider the eight principles of public health nursing in community health nursing practice when completing the assignment with homeless individuals. What are the eight principles? 3. There are numerous models of nursing practice that can be utilized in community health nursing practice. Theories and models of community/public health nursing practice aid the nurse in understanding the rationale behind community-oriented care. What are five of these models of nursing practice with a brief summary of the model?
.
1004.1.8 Multicultural Empires and the New World (through 15.docxtrippettjettie
1004.1.8
:
Multicultural Empires and the New World (through 1500 CE)
The graduate analyzes the spread of peoples, ideas, and technologies into new territories as civilizations advanced beyond their borders of origin.
INTRODUCTION
After the fall of the Mediterranean and Asian empires in the first centuries of the Common Era, new civilizations emerged and vied to expand their influence throughout Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. To that end, they engaged in trade, territorial expansion, and even armed conflict, all of which led to increased interaction and exchange.
In this task, you will explain the role of religion in the origins and development of the Crusades. You will also be required to differentiate the methods used by the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties to expand Islamic civilization. Finally, you will discuss the importance of the Silk Roads in central Asia.
REQUIREMENTS
Your submission must be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if cited correctly. An originality report is provided when you submit your task that can be used as a guide. NO PLAGIARISM
You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.
A. Explain the role of religion in the Crusades by doing the following (
suggested length of 2–3 paragraphs
):
1. Discuss the origins of the Crusades.
2. Describe the methods used by the Roman Catholic Church to promote the Crusades.
B. Differentiate the methods used by the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties to expand Islamic civilization by doing the following (
suggested length of 2–3 paragraphs
):
1. Describe the different methods of expansion used by the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties.
2. Contrast the religious policies and political administration of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties.
C. Discuss the significance of the Silk Roads in facilitating one of the following (
suggested length of 2–3 paragraphs
):
• the sharing of new technology
• the growth of intercontinental trade
• the spread of epidemic diseases
D. Provide acknowledgement of source information, using in-text citations and references, for quoted, paraphrased, or summarized content.
1. Include the following information when providing source references:
• author
• date
• title
• location of information (e.g., publisher, journal, or website URL)
.
10.1Find the measure of the complement of the angle.1) Find the .docxtrippettjettie
10.1Find the measure of the complement of the angle.
1) Find the
complement
of 2°.
2) Find the
complement
of 7°.
10.2 Find
the measure of angle A for the
following
triangle
3) Angle A=? Angle B=107° Angle C=40°
10.4
Use formulas to find the area of the figure.
L x W
4)
8cm
7cm
10.5 Find the volume of the Rectangle Prism. If necessary, round the answer to the nearest whole number. V = Bh
6)
4ft3ft
9ft
11.1 Counting Principles
Solve the problem by applying the Fundamental Counting Principle with two groups of items.
7) A restaurant offers 7 entrees and 11 desserts. In how many ways can a person order a two-course meal?
8) A restaurant offers a choice of 4 salads,10 main courses, and 4 desserts. How many possible 3-course meals
are there?
11.2
Solve the Permutations
n P r =
n!
(n-r)!
9)There are 5 performers who are to present their acts at a variety show. How many different ways are there to schedule their appearances?
10) There are 8 performers who are to present their acts at a variety show. One of them insists on being the first act of the evening. If this request is granted, how many different ways are there to schedule the appearances?
11.3
Combinations
n C r =
n!
(n-r)! r!
11) 5C4
12) 6C4
11.4
Probability
13) A die is rolled. The set of equally likely outcomes is {1,2,3,4,5,6}. Find the probability of
getting a 9
.
14) You are dealt one card from a standard 52-card deck. Find the probability
of being dealt
a picture card.
11.6
ODDS
15) You are dealt one card from a 52-card deck. Find the probability that you are
not
dealt: a10.
11.7
Conditional Probability
Independent Events
16) A spinner is used for which it is equally probable that the pointer will land on any one of six regions.Three of the regions are colored red, two are colored green, and one is colored yellow. If the pointer is spun once, find theprobability it will land on green and then yellow.
12.1 Appropriate Sampling Techniques
17) The government of a town needs to determine if the city’s residents will support the construction of a new townhall. The government decides to conduct a survey of a sample of the city’s residents. Which one of the followingprocedures would be
most
appropriate
for obtaining a sample of the town’s residents?
Explain WHY
?
A) Survey a random sample of persons with in each geographic region of the city.
B) Survey a random sample of employees at the old city hall.
C) Survey every 7th person who walks in to city hall on a given day.
D) Survey the first 500 people listed in the town’s telephone directory.
18) The city council of a small town needs to determine if the town’s residents will support the building of a newlibrary. The council decides .
100-150 words per bulletHow will I use influence and positive ta.docxtrippettjettie
100-150 words per bullet
How will I use influence and positive tactics that preserve students' personal dignity?
How will I stop misbehavior and help students return willingly to appropriate behavior?
How will I deal with minor misbehavior such as talking or distracting others?
How will I deal with more problematic behavior such as disrespect and apathy?
How will I deal with students' refusal to comply with directions or do acceptable work?
WRITE EACH BULLETED QUESTION IN BOLD PRINT AND THEN ANSWER WITH 100-150 WORDS. APA FORMAT PLEASE.
.
10 Pages. Due in 36 hours. No Plagiarism. This is an arti.docxtrippettjettie
10 Pages. Due in 36 hours. No Plagiarism.
This is an article to be written in conjunction with the content of the intermediate econ class and the information. Here are notes about what we have learned so far in class, which are basically classic models and keysian models, solow models, IS / LM models. For example, there are Monetary and Fiscal policy in which model is effective and so on. Combining this knowledge with the information checked.
.
10 points response is submitted, but it is incomplete or does n.docxtrippettjettie
10 points: response is submitted, but it is incomplete or does not address all aspects of the prompt.
11-15 points: response addresses all aspects of the prompt, but it is difficult to understand, contains errors, or addresses each aspect of the prompt only superficially (i.e. does not demonstrate any significant thoughtfulness or engagement with the course reading).
15-20 points: response addresses all aspects of the prompt, is accurate and easy to understand, and includes thoughtful observations and evidence of genuine intellectual engagement with the course reading (i.e. makes original observations about, draws attention to an important aspect of, and/or raises a meaningful question about some aspect of the course reading).
In your short response (approximately 200-250 words) to each course reading, you should include the following:
1. A 3-sentence summary of the course reading. The summary should be accurate, clear, and written so that someone unfamiliar with the reading could understand (in general) what the reading describes.
2. A description and discussion (you can include direct quotations from the reading if needed) of 1 particular moment, example, quotation, or idea presented in the reading that interests (or surprises) you, and an explanation of why it interests (or surprises) you.
3. A question raised by the reading
or
a connection of the reading with another course reading, multimodal object (such as a work of art, television show, youtube video, photograph, etc.), or news story/piece of journalism.
.
10 page APA format research methodology paper about the National.docxtrippettjettie
10 page APA format research methodology paper about the National Longitudinal Surveys for the Young Women cohort. Must include abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results and reference.
Null hypothesis: Women employment status has not changed in the past 50 years. Alternative hypothesis: women employment status has changed in the past 50 years.
.
10 Sentence minumumWatch the video, Condition of Educa.docxtrippettjettie
10 Sentence minumum
Watch the video,
Condition of Education (COE) 2019 Highlights
.
Looking back at the last week’s discussion, in which you identified the most pressing issue facing U.S. education, has this issue been highlighted in the annual report? Do you see evidence of its importance? Consider whether this issue has an impact on your current or desired role in education. If it does not have an impact on your role, explain your current or desired role and why it is not affected by this issue. If it does impact your role, explain how it affects you specifically.
Do you think this issue exists in other countries, particularly developing countries? Why or why not? Be sure to respond to at least one of your classmates’ posts. Comment on the relevance of the selected educational issue here in the United States. and its relevance in developing countries.
.
1000 WordsUtopias are envisioned societies where human beings li.docxtrippettjettie
1000 WordsUtopias
are envisioned societies where human beings live a best possible life. Utopias are here distinguished from dystopias.
INSTRUCTIONS
In this assignment you are to construct an Engels-Inspired Utopia.Such a utopia will have 3 main characteristics:
A highly developed technologically driven global society.
Completely devoid of capitalism.
With minimal if any government.
PREPARING FOR THE ASSIGNMENT
Consider trends in our present-day society that suggest ways that technology is making the need for capitalism obsolete. This should give you a general sense of how to construct an Engels Utopia.Next, you should consider some currently important areas of society (such as those listed below) that you might find most feasible to extrapolate as elements of this futuristic Utopia.
WRITING THE ASSIGNMENT
After choosing
two
of the possible areas below, write a
1000 word essay
describing what that area might be like in an Engels non-capitalist technologically driven future.
ART AND/OR ENTERTAINMENT
GOODS: DURABLE & PERISHABLE
TRANSPORTATION
FOOD SERVICES
MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE
SAFETY/LAWS
COMMUNICATION
****USING UTILITARIAN THEORY
This assignment requires you to make direct reference to the relevant readings in the course and at least one outside source that is relevant to your Engels utopian vision. On formatting your paper: I will accept both APA or MLA styles, however do
not
include a cover sheet. Please be sure to include a bibliography or works cited for all relevant information.
.
100 word minimum per question.Chapter 171. Identify and .docxtrippettjettie
100 word minimum per question.
Chapter 17
1. Identify and discuss the 8 major modes of communication that are part of the marketing communications mix.
2. Identify and discuss the 6 elements of the hierarchy of effects model.
3. Identify and discuss 4 possible communication objectives.
Chapter 18
4 Identify and discuss the 4 advertising objectives.
5 Discuss television ads as it relates to developing the advertising campaign.
6 Discuss media selection, reach, frequency, and impact.
.
7 Based on the article in the Journal of Marketing,
discuss
data access vulnerability
: the ethical and legal issues associated with the firm having access to the customer’s personal data.
What do you see as the ethical dilemma? As a consultant to executives, what recommendations would you make regarding data privacy?
.
100 wordsCase Study Chapter 17 Being Prepared Impact of D.docxtrippettjettie
100 words
Case Study Chapter 17
Being Prepared: Impact of Disaster, Terrorism, and War Many opportunities are available for both student nurses and experienced community health nurses to become involved in emergency preparedness and response efforts. A disaster is any event that causes a level of destruction that exceeds the abilities of the affected community to respond without assistance. Disasters may be caused by natural or man-made/technologic events and may be classified as multiple-casualty incidents or mass-casualty incidents. Student nurses are developing a plan on how to approach the upcoming community-wide disaster drill.
1. What characteristics of disasters, including causation, number of casualties, scope, and intensity, should the student nurses consider?
2. What factors contribute to a community’s potential for experiencing a disaster?
3. What are the four phases of disaster management that must be included in the student nurses planning for the drill?
4. Using the levels of prevention, what is the role of the community health nurse in relations to acts of chemical, biologic, or nuclear terrorism?
.
100 Original Work.Graduate Level Writing Required.DUE Satu.docxtrippettjettie
100% Original Work.
Graduate Level Writing Required.
DUE: Saturday, October 31, 2020 by 5pm Eastern Standard Time.
Topic:
Austin, TX Police Budget cuts affecting public safety.
Discuss:
What possible changes in public policy and the political process could have led to this decision? What may be the result?
Write
a 1,300- to 1,400-word paper about how the political process and changing public policy at the federal, state, and municipal levels influence budgeting. Include details on how the change came about and its effect on the resulting program. Ensure you:
Identify political, economic, social, and cultural influences that caused the change in the budget.
Identify the interaction among the federal, state, and municipal levels with regard to your selected program.
Specify the limits of the agency budget office and how they may try to compensate for those limits.
Identify some strategies and agencies politicians might use to justify increasing or decreasing the budget for the program you selected.
Note:
This assignment must not become a discussion on the advisability of one political position over another. Focus on how politics influence budgeting.
Include a minimum of 4 references
from texts, articles, journals, local police or criminal policy, and websites;
only 2 may be websites.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines
.
Must Be Graduate Level Writing
.
.
100 Blue Ravine RoadFolsom, CA 95630916-932-1300www.erep.docxtrippettjettie
100 Blue Ravine Road
Folsom, CA 95630
916-932-1300
www.erepublic.com
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www.govtech.com // January/February 2020 15
Back to
the Future
How does the state
of tech in 2020 compare
to predictions made
on the cusp of Y2K?
By Pamela Martineau
2020
U
N
S
P
L
A
S
H
/C
H
R
IS
Y
A
N
G
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www.erepublic.com
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Some of these tech predictions became
reality, while others never came close or
were only adopted in a limited fashion. And
some — especially in the area of policing —
exceeded expectations. And on the eve of
the year 2000, the world held its collective
breath, anticipating a massively disrup-
tive Y2K computer crash. But that never
happened at all, in large part because
governments prepared for it. Neverthe-
less, Y2K hype changed the way govern-
ments view and secure digital systems.
Rob Atkinson, president of the Information
Technology and Innovation Foundation,
said technological advancement
sometimes can be too fi ckle to predict.
“People tend to overestimate the
rate of technological change,” said
Atkinson, though there are exceptions.
Stephen Goldsmith, director of the
Innovations in Government Program
and Data-Smart City
Solution
s at the
John F. Kennedy School of Govern-
ment at Harvard University, said that
in some areas, technological advance-
ments have exceeded expectations
made in 2000. But governments have
not kept up with the pace of change
to the degree that could assist their
missions even more, he added.
“We still are operating in command
control silos and hierarchical systems
which tamp down the ability to dramati-
cally use the technological changes,”
said Goldsmith.
Here we look at where we w.
100 Original Work.Graduate Level Writing Required.DUE Frid.docxtrippettjettie
100% Original Work.
Graduate Level Writing Required.
DUE: Friday, October 16, 2020 by 5pm Eastern Standard Time.
When dealing with public policy and funding, it is very important to understand budgeting and its various approaches. In this assignment, you research and share information about budgeting approaches.
Write
a 800- to 1,050-word paper in which you:
- Evaluate how different budget approaches impact the development, implementation, and justification of existing and new programs.
- Identify at least two major budgetary reform approaches, such as zero-based budgeting and performance-based budgeting, and their effects on justification of new or existing programs.
Provide a brief description of these approaches and their effects on budgeting.
Explain how these major reform approaches might assist a community as it deals with decreased funding from the state or federal government and lower collections of revenue at the local level.
Identify the impact of these major reform approaches on the budget office.
Format
your manual according to APA standards.
Include at least four additional scholarly references.
Must Be Graduate Level Writing
100% Original Work
.
100 Guaranteed No PlagiarismPlease read all the instructions .docxtrippettjettie
*100% Guaranteed No Plagiarism
*Please read all the instructions and ensure that that are clear before excepting the assignment.
*Please use the rubrics as a guide to meet the Criteria for the paper
*Please provide turn in report when assignment is complete
.
10-K 1 f12312012-10k.htm 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
R Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012
or
o Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number 1-3950
Ford Motor Company
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 38-0549190
(State of incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One American Road, Dearborn, Michigan 48126
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
313-322-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered*
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share New York Stock Exchange
__________
* In addition, shares of Common Stock of Ford are listed on certain stock exchanges in Europe.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes R No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No R
2/14/20, 1:37 PM
Page 1 of 287
Indicate by check mark if the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such
reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes R No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files). Yes R No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. R
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a
smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer R Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Sm.
100 Original Work.Graduate Level Writing Required.DUE .docxtrippettjettie
100% Original Work.
Graduate Level Writing Required.
DUE: Sunday, June 12, 2020 by 5pm Eastern Standard Time.
Background:
Views on justice impact many areas of criminal justice, including the concepts of fairness, equality, and impartiality, and influence the ethical standards you apply in various situations in the field. Your views on justice and how you act in situations will affect the opinions others have of you in the communities you serve. Views on justice also impact actions taken and decisions made that affect the wider population.
Write
a 1,150- to 1,400-word paper describing the origins of the concept of justice and how you believe they are defined today.
Include the following:
-Explain Aristotle’s ethical ideas of distributive and procedural justice.
-Compare substantive justice and procedural justice, including how procedural justice impacts wrongful convictions and moral perceptions of racial discrimination, such as the Central Park Five and the story of Brian Banks, a former football star.
-Explain how you understand justice as defined by today’s modern criminal justice agencies. Include reasoning and examples in your explanation to support your opinion.
Include at least four additional scholarly reference.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines
.
Must Be Graduate Level Writing
100% Original Work
.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Assignment 1 Evaluation of a peer-reviewed articlePurpose The .docx
1. Assignment 1: Evaluation of a peer-reviewed article
Purpose: The purpose of exercise is to conduct a detailed,
critical evaluation of the research design, methods and analysis
of a study written up and published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Students will be using Wolfer’s (2007) critical questions for
evaluating written research to evaluate an article; these
questions are provided below.
Article selection tips:
- select an article from a peer-reviewed Sociology Journal
- the article should clearly be written about a study the
author conducte
o a meta-analysis of multiple studies is not appropriate for this
assignment
o secondary data analysis of an existing national data set is
OK, but be sure you understand what you are reading
Requirements:
Your evaluation should include
- All sections 1-5,
- 1 section from 6-10 (based on design in your article),
and
- 1 section from 11-12 (based on analysis in your article).
This assignment does not have to be written in essay format.
You may organize it by section/chapter number, question
number with question text, and then your answer.
APA formatting should be used throughout. Any time your
paraphrase or directly quote a source (such as your article), in-
text citations should be used. A full APA-formatted reference
should be included at the beginning or end of assignment.
1.Title (3 pts)
1) Is the title specific enough to differentiate it from other
related topics?
2) Do subtitles, if present, provide important information
regarding the research?
3) Are the main variables expressed in the title?
2. 4) Are the terms in the title easily understood by most
people?
5) Does the title avoid any reference to the study’s results?
6) Overall, is this a good title? Why or why not?
2. Ethical Evaluation (2.5 pts)
7) Are the steps the researcher took to honor ethical
responsibilities to individuals clear? Are they appropriate? Are
they enough?
8) If there were any findings (based on your readings of
tables or other means of data presentation) that refuted the
researcher’s hypothesis, did he address these findings?
9) If any results were unexpected, did the researcher discuss
any explanations for the unexpected effects?
10) Did the researcher adequately acknowledge the limitations
of the research?
11) Overall, has the researcher adequately fulfilled his ethical
obligations?
3. Literature Review (4 pts)
12) Is the material presented in the literature review relevant to
your research interests?
13) Is the special problem area identified in the first paragraph
or two of the report?
14) Does the researcher establish the importance of the
research problem?
15) Has the researcher been appropriately selective in deciding
what studies to include in the literature review?
16) Is the research cited recent?
17) Is the literature review critical?
18) Is the researcher clear as to what is research, theory and
opinion?
19) Overall, do you think this is an adequate literature review?
Why or why not?
4. Operationalization and Measurement (5.5 pts)
20) Is the conceptualization suitably specific?
21) Are the definitions productive?
22) How many different dimensions are being measured at
3. once?
23) Are the various dimensions sufficient?
24) Are the actual questions (or a sample of them) provided?
25) Is the response format clear, or, when not already clear,
does the researcher provide information on the response
format? Is there any information on restrictions in respondents’
responses?
26) If the researcher is using a published instrument, does he or
she cite sources where additional information can be found?
27) Has the researcher avoided overstating the preciseness of
the measurement?
28) Does the researcher provide some measure of reliability?
What type of reliability is established? Do the measures
indicate adequate reliability for your purposes?
29) Does the research provide some measure of validity? What
measures of validity are presented and are they adequate for
your purposes?
30) Overall, is the measurement appropriate and adequate given
the research purpose?
5. Sample Strategy (3 pts)
31) Does the research goal lend itself to generalization? Is the
broad sampling method appropriate for the research goal?
32) Does the researcher provide information regarding the
study population? The sample?
33) Is the exact sampling method (e.g. simple random,
purposive) specified? Remember, it is not sufficient for a
researcher to simply state that a sample was selected
‘randomly.’
34) Is the sample size sufficient, given the research goals, the
degree of accuracy the researcher desires, and the nature of the
population studied? Given the nature of the research, is the
sample size sufficient?
35) If the researcher uses a probability sample, does he or she
generalize the findings to the appropriate population? If the
researcher uses a non-probability sample, does he or she refrain
from generalizing to a wider population?
4. 36) Overall, is the sampling appropriate?
Your evaluation should include one of the following sections
(6-10) (4 pts):
6. Experiments
37) Can you identify a treatment variable that indicates that an
experiment is the method of observation?
38) How many groups were studied?
a. If there were two or more groups, did the researcher use
random assignments
b. If the researcher did not use random assignment, did the
researcher present evidence that the groups were similar
regarding key variables at the beginning of the study?
39) Is the treatment and any pre- or posttests described in
sufficient detail that facilitates replication?
40) Is deception necessary?
a. If so, is the deception within the parameters of the
research topic?
b. Have the participants been debriefed so they know the
true nature of the study (and can enact their right to privacy by
declining to participate after the fact?)
41) Based on the description of treatment and experimental
procedure, do you see any red flags regarding ethical issues?
42) Did the researcher use assistants?
a. If so, did the researcher state that they were properly
trained?
b. If so, did the researcher specify any special measures to
make sure that the assistants administered the treatment
properly?
43) Is the setting natural or artificial (in a laboratory)?
a. If it’s in a laboratory, does the researcher recognize that
external validity may be weak?
b. If it’s in a natural setting, does the researcher recognize
that there may be some differences in the environments of the
various groups?
c. Overall, do you think the experimental design is sound?
7. Survey
5. 44) Is the research topic worded appropriately for survey
research?
45) Did the researcher specifically state which type of survey
method was used?
46) Do the survey questions adequately address the topic?
47) Are the survey questions constructed correctly?
48) Did the researcher provide any information about the
response rate? Did the researcher provide any information about
follow-up mailings or other ways of increasing response rate?
What are the implications of the response rate?
49) Did the researcher explain how he or she guaranteed
anonymity or confidentiality?
50) Overall, is the survey methodology effective and
appropriate?
8. Field Research
51) Does the research describe the selected site? Does the
research provide some explanation as to how that site was
chosen?
52) Did the researchers explain how they addressed
gatekeepers?
53) Did the researcher address how he developed field
relations? If conflict arose, did the researcher make any
comment about how personal or research problems in the field
were addressed?
54) Did the researcher adequately protect the identity of the
respondents? Did the researcher address other ethical
considerations?
55) Did the researcher describe, at least in passing, his method
of note taking? Does the method seem adequate?
56) In the analysis, does the researcher present general patterns
of behavior and support those patterns with data such as quoted
comments? Does the researcher use quotes selectively?
57) Does the researcher make any mention of issues of validity
and/or reliability?
58) Overall, is the research adequate?
9. Unobtrusive Measures
6. 59) What is the researcher’s research purpose or hypothesis? Is
content analysis an appropriate method of observation?
60) What are the researcher’s units of analysis? What are the
units of observation (if they are different than the units of
analysis)?
61) Is the researcher studying a population or a sample of these
units? If the researcher is studying a sample, is it a probability
sample? If so, was it correctly drawn? If the researcher is not
studying a population or a probability sample, is he or she
appropriately cautious about the nature of any conclusions?
62) Does the researcher identify the characteristics and level of
content being analyzed? Does the researcher explain how
material is coded, especially for issues of latent content?
63) Did the researcher do any type of pretest with other coders
to test for reliability? Where they any tests for validity?
64) Are the conclusions consistent with the units of analysis?
65) Are the results clearly presented and the conclusions
appropriate?
66) Generally, is the method of observation done
appropriately?
10. Evaluation Research
67) What is the purpose of the evaluation presented?
68) Is the nature of the program described in detail?
69) Are the goals presented and can the goals that the author
presents be evaluated?
70) What type of observation method is used? Is it appropriate,
given the real-life restrictions of evaluation research?
71) Is a control group used? If so, how has the researcher tried
to show that it is equivalent to the experimental group? If not,
does the researcher adequately explain its omission?
72) How are people selected for program participation? Does
this affect the interpretation of findings, and, if so, does the
researcher discuss this?
73) Are the results clearly explained?
74) How does the article address the other areas of evaluation
discussed in earlier chapters?
7. Your evaluation should include one of the following sections (3
pts):
11. Qualitative Analysis
75) Is the results section a cohesive essay?
76) Does the researcher connect the results to any general
research questions or goals?
77) Is the perspective of the results presentation appropriate?
Does it match the research technique?
78) Has the writer presented enough examples to support the
conclusions? Do the examples make the readers ‘believe’ the
researcher’s points?
79) Do you have reason to believe that the presence of the
researcher influenced the actions or statements of other group
members? If this is possible, has the researcher addressed it in
the research?
80) Especially in field research (although this may be an issue
to a lesser degree in other forms of qualitative data gathering),
does the researcher discuss how he or she interacted with
subjects in the field, what problems arose, and how the
researcher addressed them?
12. Quantitative Analysis
81) Is the results section a cohesive essay with the important
findings highlighted?
82) In the essay, does the researcher tie the results to the
research hypotheses or goals stated in the introduction?
83) If there are tables or graphs, are they clearly presented?
84) Does the researcher present any descriptive statistics?
85) Are the statistics appropriate for the level of measurement?
86) Are the conclusions the researcher draws appropriate for
the statistical information?
87) In the discussion section, does the researcher briefly
summarize the research purposes, methodologies, and key
findings (in a non-statistical manner)?
88) Does the researcher acknowledge any methodological or
statistical weaknesses?
8. 89) Are the implications of the research or suggestions for
future research discussed?
90) Overall, is the results section adequate?
91) Overall, is the discussion section adequate?
Introduction
In the present report we will discuss about the future prospects
of Nouveau Health. Nouveau Health is a non-for-profit health
care facility which took over the management of Krona
Community hospital in March 2006. In May 2007 Nouveau
proposed to expand the existing facility, the new facility will
have 74 acute care beds, four observation rooms, four surgical
operating rooms, one C-section room, 24-hour emergency
department, maternity center, intensive care unit and extensive
support services, physical therapy and cardiac rehabilitation and
all rooms will be private.
Planning
Before expanding the facility management needs to plan
everything, planning is the first step in this process. Plans are
very important for the success of an organization. They commit
the individuals, departments, organizations, and the various
resources of each to the specific actions relating to future.
Effectively formed goals of the organization fit in the hierarchy
so that the achievement of goals at lower levels allows the
fulfillment of high-level goals. The different types of plans are:
1. Operational Plans: An operational plan can be defined as a
plan that the manager uses to fulfill his or her job duties and
responsibilities. All the team leaders, supervisors, and
facilitators formulate operational plans to support the tactical
plans.
2. Tactical Plans: A tactical plan is majorly associated with
what the lower level units within each department must follow,
how they must follow, and who is in charge of their activities at
each level and stage. Tactics are used to generate a strategy and
make it work. Such plans are usually of short time periods and
9. narrow scopes.
3. Strategic Plans: A strategic plan basically defines the outline
of the steps that are designed with the goals of the entire
company as a whole, rather than with the goals of specific
departments. Strategic Planning usually begins with the mission
of the organization. These plans are generally for longer periods
of time and strategize about where the organization wants to be
in that time period.
4. Contingency Plans: A successful and capable management
usually depends on how they adapt to changing conditions, how
flexible they are with their plans and policies. A strong
management requires keeping all its alternative options open so
that the company can cater to any situation. Such plans are
defined as contingency plans.
Forecasting
Once all the plans are made there is requirement of forecasting
different things. Most of the companies do not realize the
strategic importance of forecasting. Availability of right
resources at the right time has become the essence for efficient
functioning of management. In the present business environment
where every organization is attempting to save costs, it is
necessary that every amount of money must be saved.
Forecasting is an important method to save costs as forecasting
makes the organization predict about the future demand and
thus helps in managing the resources efficiently.
Organizations can have a key to strategic decisions in terms of
forecasting. The first decision for the organization is to
understand exactly what forecasting is. The process of
forecasting is not a computer based process; rather it is a
management process. The second important key in terms of
forecasting is to forecast for demand first and then plan for
supply accordingly. The third important key in terms of
forecasting is to communicate, collaborate, and cooperate as
forecasting requires input from various levels of the
organization. Performance should be measured and feedbacks
should also be collected by the organization to make forecasting
10. successful.
For example, the HR department can forecast about the future
manpower requirements by forecasting the demand through
various quantitative and qualitative techniques and then
compare the forecasted demand with the supply. Further,
appropriate actions can be taken for shortfall if any. Finally, the
HR department would be required to evaluate the performance
and then forecast for the future activities again.
Budgeting
Forecasting can be of different types out of which financial
forecasting is known as budgeting. Budgeting is a wide term
and it includes various types of budgets depending upon the
requirement of the organization, collectively they are called as
the master budget. Master budget is the summary of various
plans of company. Master budget includes sales budget,
purchase budget, raw material budget, labor budget, cash
budget, Selling and admin budget, manufacturing overhead
budget.
Budgets are always prepared on the basis of historical data and
predictions of future, budgets can never be 100% accurate but
management should draft the budgets on a very scientific basis
so that there would be least deviations of actual data from the
budgeted data. Before drafting budgets for expanded health care
facility following steps should be followed:-
1) Determining the expected service revenue by predicting the
number of patients that will come to the clinic for their
treatment.
2) Considering the inflation and other factors such as cost
incurred, desired profit etc. the amount to be charged from the
patient must be determined.
3) All costs to be incurred must be determined beforehand so
that they can be appropriately be recovered from the patients.
4) Cash budget must be made on the basis of all other budgets,
and proper sources must be allocated for funding in case of any
shortfall and also idle funds should be invested.
Budgeted Financial statements
11. Nouveau Health
Revenue Budget
Period of 12 Months
Particulars
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
19. Nouveau Health
Direct Labor Budget
Period of 12 Months
Particulars
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
23. Nouveau Health
Cash Budget
Period of 12 Months
Particulars
Other Budget Reference
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
34. $1,628,726.00
Less: Utility expenses
Utility expense budget
$1,042,412.00
Less: Direct labor
Direct labor budget
$444,198.00
Net margin
$142,116.00
Less: Income Tax (@15%)
$21,317.40
Net Income
$120,798.60
Nouveau Health
Budgeted Balance Sheet
Period of 12 Months
Particulars
Amount
Assets
36. Current Liabilities:
Income Taxes Payable
$21,317.40
$21,317.40
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common Stock
$920,265.00
Retained earnings (Net income )
$120,798.60
Total Stockholders' Equity
$1,041,063.60
Total Liabilities & Stockholders' Equity
$1,062,381.00
The above is an illustration of how the budgets will be prepared
for the health care organization. In the above illustration The
process of budgeting starts with determining the number of
patients expected for the period of budgeting, once the expected
37. number of patients are determined the next step is to determine
the amount to be charged from each patient and once price and
number of patients are fixed then the next step is to determine
the cost of supplies and direct labor.
Supplies and labor budget can be made by the help of estimated
number of patients and other estimates such as expected
percentage increase in labor cost, Supplies cost etc. once the
number of patients are determined and other parameters are also
fixed it is very easy to prepare supplies and labor budget. In
direct labor we have included both the cost of physician and
nurses
Once all the cost and revenue budgets are made the last and the
most important budget which is prepared is cash budget, this is
the most important budget as it helps in determining the amount
of money that is required to be borrowed or invested and the
time period for the same. Once all the budgets are completed it
is very easy for an organization to draft its projected financial
statements such as income statement and balance sheet.
As we can see that the hospital is able to maintain the minimum
cash balance as required by the management, so there is no need
to borrow the funds. In case the total ending balance at the end
of any particular month falls below the required closing balance
in that case the management has to find different alternatives to
raise the money.
Organizational Structure
In order to be effective and efficient, every organization must
have an organizational structure. An organizational structure is
that form of structure which determines the hierarchy. The
different types of organizational structures which the health
care facility can use are:
1. Traditional Structure: This type of organizational structure is
based on functional departments and division. Such structures
tend to follow the rules and procedures of the organization.
Different types of structures in this are:
38. · Line Structure: This type of the organizational structure is
characterized by very specific line of command. All the
commands and approvals come from the top to bottom in the
line. This structure is more decentralized.
· Line and Staff Structure: This form of structure combines the
line structure wherein the approvals and orders come from top
to down along with the staff divisions for support and
specialization. This form of organizational structure is more
centralized.
· Functional Structure: The functional organizational structure
identifies the employees according to the function they perform
within the organization. The various departments may be Sales
Department, Accounts and Finance Department, Product
Development Department, Engineering Department etc.
2. Divisional Structure: This type of organizational structure
depends upon the various divisions within the organization.
Following are the types divisional structures:
· Product Structure: When the employees and the work of the
organization are based on the basis of various types of products,
the resulting organizational structure is known as product
structure.
· Market Structure: When the employees are grouped on the
basis of the different markets in which the organization sells its
products, the resulting structure is known as market structure.
· Geographic Structure: There are organizations that have
offices at different geographic places. When the organizational
structure is based on the geographic locations, it is known as
Geographic structure.
3. Matrix Structure: This type of organizational structure is a
combination of the product structure and function structure.
This form of organizational structure includes the best of both
the structures to form an effective organizational structure.
Also, the matrix structure is the most complex organizational
39. structure.
It depends upon the management which structure they choose
depending upon the requirements of the facility, type of people
working etc.
Epilogue
Planning and forecasting is done in every organization whether
it is a non-for-profit organization or a commercial organization.
Forecasting is a complex process which includes various steps
such as planning, estimating, budgeting etc. Planning and
forecasting should always be based on logical and technically
sound information.
Without forecasting every organization faces great trouble and
sometimes also goes into loss due to the absence of forecasting.
In the above report we have presented various processes which
are required to be fulfilled before expanding or opening a new
business.