1. The document discusses global environmental issues and how human activity has negatively impacted the planet.
2. It notes that the Earth's population has reached 6.8 billion people who are consuming the planet's resources 1.4 times faster than they can be replenished.
3. The production and combustion of fossil fuels has increased greenhouse gas levels like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, contributing to issues like global warming and climate change.
Day1 session 2 : UN-ESCWA Activities in Support of the Development and Implem...RCREEE
This document summarizes UN-ESCWA's activities in supporting the development and implementation of energy efficiency directives in the Arab region. It provides an overview of ESCWA's work, including regional cooperation on energy issues, energy context and indicators in member countries, energy efficiency services provided, recent publications and projects like an energy efficiency program for Qatar. The Qatar pilot project identified energy efficiency and demand-side management measures across sectors that could reduce Qatar's electricity consumption by 17% through improved lighting, HVAC systems, power factor correction and more.
Global Energy Trends: Role of Renewable Energy, R. J. Morris, AndMore Associa...Robert J. (Bob) Morris
R.J. Morris of AndMore Associates presented at the 2011 Renewable Energy Conference in Baghdad on supporting sustainable development for Iraq. The presentation summarized global energy trends and the role of renewable energy. World energy consumption is projected to increase by 50% from 2007 to 2035, driven largely by growth in non-OECD countries. Renewable energy currently accounts for a small portion of global energy consumption but investment of $1 trillion per year is needed through 2030 to meet future demand. China, the US, Brazil, Canada, and Japan lead in total installed renewable energy capacity.
Presented by Salman Asif Siddiqui (ICIMOD) at the CGIAR-CSI Annual Meeting 2009: Mapping Our Future. March 31 - April 4, 2009, ILRI Campus, Nairobi, Kenya
Jordan, an 18-year-old high school senior, was in a serious car accident just before her senior prom and suffered a traumatic brain injury. She was given no chance of surviving by EMS and entered a coma for 2 months. When she emerged from the coma, doctors told her mother to find a nursing home as they did not believe Jordan would recover. Her mother prayed for a sign from God and Jordan had previously written in her journal that God would send her a rainbow as a sign. While in distress in a store, a stranger approached Jordan's mother and told her she would see a rainbow, without knowing about the journal entry. After intensive rehab, Jordan continued to recover from her brain injury,
The document discusses the past, present, and future of the oil and gas industry. It notes that while demand for oil and gas is expected to rise significantly through 2010, meeting that demand will be challenging as existing production declines. The industry will need to spend around $100 billion per year to add new production capacity. Historically, technology advances and new discoveries have allowed the industry to meet rising demand, though new discoveries have lagged behind demand growth since the 1980s. Looking ahead, demand is projected to continue growing while new challenges like environmental regulations and developing more remote reserves may impede industry's ability to produce sufficient supplies. Maintaining low costs through technology and accessing new exploration areas will be key to meeting future demand.
Beberapa pangan seperti kerupuk, bakso, dan mie ditemukan mengandung bahan berbahaya seperti rhodamin B, boraks, dan formalin yang dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan kanker. Bahan-bahan ini banyak digunakan oleh industri kecil yang tidak terdaftar. Laporan ini merekomendasikan pendidikan produsen pangan dan penelitian untuk menemukan alternatif bahan tambahan yang aman."
Kuliah ini memperkenalkan konsep lingkungan hidup secara holistik dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Mahasiswa akan belajar tentang dinamika lingkungan dan pentingnya memperhatikan integrasi antara makhluk hidup dengan lingkungannya. Mereka juga akan mengerjakan dua project yang berkaitan dengan analisis lingkungan di Malang Raya dan studi kasus terbaik tentang perencanaan wilayah dan lingkungan.
Day1 session 2 : UN-ESCWA Activities in Support of the Development and Implem...RCREEE
This document summarizes UN-ESCWA's activities in supporting the development and implementation of energy efficiency directives in the Arab region. It provides an overview of ESCWA's work, including regional cooperation on energy issues, energy context and indicators in member countries, energy efficiency services provided, recent publications and projects like an energy efficiency program for Qatar. The Qatar pilot project identified energy efficiency and demand-side management measures across sectors that could reduce Qatar's electricity consumption by 17% through improved lighting, HVAC systems, power factor correction and more.
Global Energy Trends: Role of Renewable Energy, R. J. Morris, AndMore Associa...Robert J. (Bob) Morris
R.J. Morris of AndMore Associates presented at the 2011 Renewable Energy Conference in Baghdad on supporting sustainable development for Iraq. The presentation summarized global energy trends and the role of renewable energy. World energy consumption is projected to increase by 50% from 2007 to 2035, driven largely by growth in non-OECD countries. Renewable energy currently accounts for a small portion of global energy consumption but investment of $1 trillion per year is needed through 2030 to meet future demand. China, the US, Brazil, Canada, and Japan lead in total installed renewable energy capacity.
Presented by Salman Asif Siddiqui (ICIMOD) at the CGIAR-CSI Annual Meeting 2009: Mapping Our Future. March 31 - April 4, 2009, ILRI Campus, Nairobi, Kenya
Jordan, an 18-year-old high school senior, was in a serious car accident just before her senior prom and suffered a traumatic brain injury. She was given no chance of surviving by EMS and entered a coma for 2 months. When she emerged from the coma, doctors told her mother to find a nursing home as they did not believe Jordan would recover. Her mother prayed for a sign from God and Jordan had previously written in her journal that God would send her a rainbow as a sign. While in distress in a store, a stranger approached Jordan's mother and told her she would see a rainbow, without knowing about the journal entry. After intensive rehab, Jordan continued to recover from her brain injury,
The document discusses the past, present, and future of the oil and gas industry. It notes that while demand for oil and gas is expected to rise significantly through 2010, meeting that demand will be challenging as existing production declines. The industry will need to spend around $100 billion per year to add new production capacity. Historically, technology advances and new discoveries have allowed the industry to meet rising demand, though new discoveries have lagged behind demand growth since the 1980s. Looking ahead, demand is projected to continue growing while new challenges like environmental regulations and developing more remote reserves may impede industry's ability to produce sufficient supplies. Maintaining low costs through technology and accessing new exploration areas will be key to meeting future demand.
Beberapa pangan seperti kerupuk, bakso, dan mie ditemukan mengandung bahan berbahaya seperti rhodamin B, boraks, dan formalin yang dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan kanker. Bahan-bahan ini banyak digunakan oleh industri kecil yang tidak terdaftar. Laporan ini merekomendasikan pendidikan produsen pangan dan penelitian untuk menemukan alternatif bahan tambahan yang aman."
Kuliah ini memperkenalkan konsep lingkungan hidup secara holistik dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Mahasiswa akan belajar tentang dinamika lingkungan dan pentingnya memperhatikan integrasi antara makhluk hidup dengan lingkungannya. Mereka juga akan mengerjakan dua project yang berkaitan dengan analisis lingkungan di Malang Raya dan studi kasus terbaik tentang perencanaan wilayah dan lingkungan.
This document outlines an IT management education module on IT sourcing. The module covers the full lifecycle of sourcing from strategy to relationship management. It includes 8 sessions that will help participants understand sourcing drivers and frameworks, define a sourcing strategy, implement various sourcing lifecycle phases through vendor selection and contracting, and manage the relationship. The objectives are to equip participants with skills to source IT services effectively using best practices and maturity models.
Este documento presenta las tendencias del marketing digital turístico y cómo revolucionan el turismo en Internet. Explora la evolución de la Web y el perfil del viajero digital de hoy, que es tecnológico, social e hiperconectado. Recomienda usar estrategias integradas como contenido, SEO, redes sociales, SEM y reputación web para responder a las necesidades del viajero actual a través de un sitio web atractivo y optimizado para dispositivos móviles. Además, enfatiza la importancia de medir los resultados de cada
Ekosistem adalah kesatuan lingkungan hidup yang saling mempengarui untuk menciptakan keseimbangan. Terdapat tiga jenis ekosistem yaitu darat, air, dan transisional. Ekosistem membutuhkan sumber energi, produsen, dan konsumen untuk berfungsi. Proyek Biosphere 2 gagal menciptakan ekosistem tiruan karena berbagai faktor alamiah tidak dapat diintervensi sepenuhnya oleh teknologi.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang berbagai jenis pencemaran lingkungan seperti air, tanah, dan udara. Pencemaran lingkungan disebabkan oleh berbagai sumber seperti limbah domestik, industri, dan pertanian, yang mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan dan berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia dan ekosistem. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan berbagai parameter untuk mengukur tingkat pencemaran lingkungan dan kasus-kasus terkait
The Indian economy grew at 5.4% in 2001-02, an acceleration from 4% growth in 2000-01, driven by a strong rebound in agricultural production. The services sector accounted for over half of GDP and most of the growth. Industrial production slowed significantly, led by manufacturing.
While agriculture grew strongly in 2001-02, its share of GDP continued to decline as the shares of industry and services increased. The quarterly profile of GDP growth showed fluctuations driven mainly by agricultural activity. Consumption growth slowed sharply to 2.9% in 2000-01, below the 1994-95 to 1996-97 average of 6%, affecting both private and government sectors. Investment growth also declined significantly.
Jordan, an 18-year-old high school senior, was in a severe car accident on the day of her senior prom and suffered a traumatic brain injury. She was not expected to survive and spent 2 months in a coma. When she emerged from the coma, doctors told her family to find a nursing home as they did not believe she would recover. Through prayer and rehabilitation, Jordan defied expectations and learned how to walk, talk, and care for herself again. Her mother was given signs of hope through a rainbow and encounter with a stranger, as Jordan had written about God sending a rainbow as a sign in her journal before the accident. Jordan continues to recover thanks to support from family, friends, and her
1. The document discusses various environmental issues facing Indonesia, including deforestation, threats to biodiversity, coastal area degradation, and overexploitation of fisheries.
2. Key facts presented include that 2-2.5 million hectares of forest are lost annually in Indonesia, coastal areas contain highly diverse and productive ecosystems, and overfishing has led to population declines of many fish species.
3. Solutions proposed include more sustainable management of extraction industries, restoration of degraded areas, and increased protection of threatened species and habitats.
“El Inbound Marketing se trata de técnicas muy escuchadas en el marketing online que en muchas ocasiones van por separado pero que si se manejan de manera integral hacen un modelo muy atractivo para captar a los nuevos usuarios”
This document discusses a proposal to develop small and micro-scale hydropower generation across historic water wheel sites in the EU to help meet renewable energy goals. It introduces RESTOR-Hydro, a project that would identify suitable refurbishment sites, develop a model for community cooperatives, and address permitting and funding barriers. The European Small Hydropower Association and NettoWatt are introduced as partners committed to promoting renewable energy and local investment through cooperative ownership models for microhydro projects.
Kuantitas dan kualitas_ruang_terbuka_hijauReaper-Ami
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas ruang terbuka hijau di perkotaan, terutama di kawasan permukiman. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan antara lain konversi lahan ruang hijau menjadi infrastruktur dan kawasan terbangun lainnya seiring pertumbuhan kota. Hal ini berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan dan meningkatnya risiko bencana di perkotaan. Diperlukan upaya
Kuantitas dan kualitas_ruang_terbuka_hijauReaper-Ami
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas ruang terbuka hijau di perkotaan, terutama di kawasan permukiman. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan antara lain konversi lahan ruang hijau menjadi infrastruktur dan kawasan terbangun lainnya seiring pertumbuhan kota. Hal ini berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan dan meningkatnya risiko bencana di perkotaan. Diperlukan upaya
This document discusses developing small and micro-scale hydropower projects in Europe to meet renewable energy goals. It introduces RESTOR-Hydro, a project that seeks to identify suitable historic water wheel sites for refurbishment. It also introduces NettoWatt, a Belgian organization committed to local renewable energy projects using proven microhydro technology. The document provides information on funding opportunities through the Intelligent Energy Europe program and argues that BNP Paribas Fortis could support such projects by exploring suitable loans, advising, and obtaining a letter of support.
Peter Garforth: The Power of Energy Efficiency - Creating Globally Competitiv...MichiganLandUse
Peter Garforth, Principle of Garforth International LLC, gave this presentation titled: The Power of Energy Efficiency: Creating Globally Competitive Communities at the Energy Efficiency and Local Economic Opportunity Summit on June 14th, Traverse City, Michigan
The document discusses using satellite data to estimate the amount of land-based plant material, or net primary production (NPP), that is required by humans versus the total amount produced globally. It finds that human demand for NPP carbon increased from 20% of total land NPP in 1995 to 25% in 2005, driven by population growth and increasing per capita consumption. If consumption trends continue, humans may require over 55% of global land NPP by 2050, with significant implications for land management and food security. The study provides a satellite-supported method for regularly monitoring this human impact on the biosphere.
Slides from lectures and seminars given at Singapore universities and business schools (NUS, SMU, INSEAD) on how Asia Pacific region faces mega-catastrophic socio-ecological challenges that can be largely prevented and resolved through aggressive, ambitious pursuit of clean tech, green economic investment opportunities (e.g, end-use efficiency, solar power, wind power).
Green Office is a program by WWF Finland that provides tools and guidance for offices to reduce their environmental impact through improving energy efficiency, promoting sustainable procurement practices, and increasing waste reduction and recycling efforts. The program aims to cut an office's ecological footprint and mitigate climate change by requiring energy savings, use of renewables, and raising environmental awareness among employees. Offices that implement Green Office criteria over 7-10 months qualify to use the Green Office logo to recognize their sustainability achievements.
The document discusses the science of sustainability and its implications for society. It notes that sustainability means meeting current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. It then examines issues like population growth, resource consumption, climate change, and their impacts on areas like food, water, energy, and conflicts. Finally, it argues that major changes are needed across all parts of society if humanity is to transition to a sustainable model.
The document discusses how a green economy can help achieve sustainable development goals by improving human well-being and social equity while reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. It provides examples of green economy initiatives in sectors like agriculture, renewable energy, and forestry that have benefited local communities and the environment in developing countries. Charts show historical trends of how countries' human development and ecological footprints have changed over time, demonstrating the need for common but differentiated responsibilities to meet global sustainable development goals.
Promoting Renewable Energy Technologies for Rural Development in Africa: Expe...QZ1
This document examines Zambia's efforts to promote renewable energy technologies for rural development. It finds that while Zambia has significant renewable energy potential from solar, wind, hydro, and biomass resources, household usage of renewable technologies is currently limited. Policy support and implementation, lack of awareness among rural households, and the high cost of technologies have hindered greater adoption. The study evaluates renewable energy in Zambia's development plans and surveys households in one district to understand barriers to use. Overall, the document assesses Zambia's progress in exploiting renewable options and expanding energy access in rural areas.
Synergies Between Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change:What is the pot...Claudia Ringler
This presentation describes first how climate change compromises food security and then explains the role of agriculture in greenhouse gas emissions. The crux is what
synergies exist between adaptation and mitigation, with recommendations for implementation.
This document outlines an IT management education module on IT sourcing. The module covers the full lifecycle of sourcing from strategy to relationship management. It includes 8 sessions that will help participants understand sourcing drivers and frameworks, define a sourcing strategy, implement various sourcing lifecycle phases through vendor selection and contracting, and manage the relationship. The objectives are to equip participants with skills to source IT services effectively using best practices and maturity models.
Este documento presenta las tendencias del marketing digital turístico y cómo revolucionan el turismo en Internet. Explora la evolución de la Web y el perfil del viajero digital de hoy, que es tecnológico, social e hiperconectado. Recomienda usar estrategias integradas como contenido, SEO, redes sociales, SEM y reputación web para responder a las necesidades del viajero actual a través de un sitio web atractivo y optimizado para dispositivos móviles. Además, enfatiza la importancia de medir los resultados de cada
Ekosistem adalah kesatuan lingkungan hidup yang saling mempengarui untuk menciptakan keseimbangan. Terdapat tiga jenis ekosistem yaitu darat, air, dan transisional. Ekosistem membutuhkan sumber energi, produsen, dan konsumen untuk berfungsi. Proyek Biosphere 2 gagal menciptakan ekosistem tiruan karena berbagai faktor alamiah tidak dapat diintervensi sepenuhnya oleh teknologi.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang berbagai jenis pencemaran lingkungan seperti air, tanah, dan udara. Pencemaran lingkungan disebabkan oleh berbagai sumber seperti limbah domestik, industri, dan pertanian, yang mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan dan berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia dan ekosistem. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan berbagai parameter untuk mengukur tingkat pencemaran lingkungan dan kasus-kasus terkait
The Indian economy grew at 5.4% in 2001-02, an acceleration from 4% growth in 2000-01, driven by a strong rebound in agricultural production. The services sector accounted for over half of GDP and most of the growth. Industrial production slowed significantly, led by manufacturing.
While agriculture grew strongly in 2001-02, its share of GDP continued to decline as the shares of industry and services increased. The quarterly profile of GDP growth showed fluctuations driven mainly by agricultural activity. Consumption growth slowed sharply to 2.9% in 2000-01, below the 1994-95 to 1996-97 average of 6%, affecting both private and government sectors. Investment growth also declined significantly.
Jordan, an 18-year-old high school senior, was in a severe car accident on the day of her senior prom and suffered a traumatic brain injury. She was not expected to survive and spent 2 months in a coma. When she emerged from the coma, doctors told her family to find a nursing home as they did not believe she would recover. Through prayer and rehabilitation, Jordan defied expectations and learned how to walk, talk, and care for herself again. Her mother was given signs of hope through a rainbow and encounter with a stranger, as Jordan had written about God sending a rainbow as a sign in her journal before the accident. Jordan continues to recover thanks to support from family, friends, and her
1. The document discusses various environmental issues facing Indonesia, including deforestation, threats to biodiversity, coastal area degradation, and overexploitation of fisheries.
2. Key facts presented include that 2-2.5 million hectares of forest are lost annually in Indonesia, coastal areas contain highly diverse and productive ecosystems, and overfishing has led to population declines of many fish species.
3. Solutions proposed include more sustainable management of extraction industries, restoration of degraded areas, and increased protection of threatened species and habitats.
“El Inbound Marketing se trata de técnicas muy escuchadas en el marketing online que en muchas ocasiones van por separado pero que si se manejan de manera integral hacen un modelo muy atractivo para captar a los nuevos usuarios”
This document discusses a proposal to develop small and micro-scale hydropower generation across historic water wheel sites in the EU to help meet renewable energy goals. It introduces RESTOR-Hydro, a project that would identify suitable refurbishment sites, develop a model for community cooperatives, and address permitting and funding barriers. The European Small Hydropower Association and NettoWatt are introduced as partners committed to promoting renewable energy and local investment through cooperative ownership models for microhydro projects.
Kuantitas dan kualitas_ruang_terbuka_hijauReaper-Ami
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas ruang terbuka hijau di perkotaan, terutama di kawasan permukiman. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan antara lain konversi lahan ruang hijau menjadi infrastruktur dan kawasan terbangun lainnya seiring pertumbuhan kota. Hal ini berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan dan meningkatnya risiko bencana di perkotaan. Diperlukan upaya
Kuantitas dan kualitas_ruang_terbuka_hijauReaper-Ami
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas ruang terbuka hijau di perkotaan, terutama di kawasan permukiman. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan antara lain konversi lahan ruang hijau menjadi infrastruktur dan kawasan terbangun lainnya seiring pertumbuhan kota. Hal ini berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan dan meningkatnya risiko bencana di perkotaan. Diperlukan upaya
This document discusses developing small and micro-scale hydropower projects in Europe to meet renewable energy goals. It introduces RESTOR-Hydro, a project that seeks to identify suitable historic water wheel sites for refurbishment. It also introduces NettoWatt, a Belgian organization committed to local renewable energy projects using proven microhydro technology. The document provides information on funding opportunities through the Intelligent Energy Europe program and argues that BNP Paribas Fortis could support such projects by exploring suitable loans, advising, and obtaining a letter of support.
Peter Garforth: The Power of Energy Efficiency - Creating Globally Competitiv...MichiganLandUse
Peter Garforth, Principle of Garforth International LLC, gave this presentation titled: The Power of Energy Efficiency: Creating Globally Competitive Communities at the Energy Efficiency and Local Economic Opportunity Summit on June 14th, Traverse City, Michigan
The document discusses using satellite data to estimate the amount of land-based plant material, or net primary production (NPP), that is required by humans versus the total amount produced globally. It finds that human demand for NPP carbon increased from 20% of total land NPP in 1995 to 25% in 2005, driven by population growth and increasing per capita consumption. If consumption trends continue, humans may require over 55% of global land NPP by 2050, with significant implications for land management and food security. The study provides a satellite-supported method for regularly monitoring this human impact on the biosphere.
Slides from lectures and seminars given at Singapore universities and business schools (NUS, SMU, INSEAD) on how Asia Pacific region faces mega-catastrophic socio-ecological challenges that can be largely prevented and resolved through aggressive, ambitious pursuit of clean tech, green economic investment opportunities (e.g, end-use efficiency, solar power, wind power).
Green Office is a program by WWF Finland that provides tools and guidance for offices to reduce their environmental impact through improving energy efficiency, promoting sustainable procurement practices, and increasing waste reduction and recycling efforts. The program aims to cut an office's ecological footprint and mitigate climate change by requiring energy savings, use of renewables, and raising environmental awareness among employees. Offices that implement Green Office criteria over 7-10 months qualify to use the Green Office logo to recognize their sustainability achievements.
The document discusses the science of sustainability and its implications for society. It notes that sustainability means meeting current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. It then examines issues like population growth, resource consumption, climate change, and their impacts on areas like food, water, energy, and conflicts. Finally, it argues that major changes are needed across all parts of society if humanity is to transition to a sustainable model.
The document discusses how a green economy can help achieve sustainable development goals by improving human well-being and social equity while reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. It provides examples of green economy initiatives in sectors like agriculture, renewable energy, and forestry that have benefited local communities and the environment in developing countries. Charts show historical trends of how countries' human development and ecological footprints have changed over time, demonstrating the need for common but differentiated responsibilities to meet global sustainable development goals.
Promoting Renewable Energy Technologies for Rural Development in Africa: Expe...QZ1
This document examines Zambia's efforts to promote renewable energy technologies for rural development. It finds that while Zambia has significant renewable energy potential from solar, wind, hydro, and biomass resources, household usage of renewable technologies is currently limited. Policy support and implementation, lack of awareness among rural households, and the high cost of technologies have hindered greater adoption. The study evaluates renewable energy in Zambia's development plans and surveys households in one district to understand barriers to use. Overall, the document assesses Zambia's progress in exploiting renewable options and expanding energy access in rural areas.
Synergies Between Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change:What is the pot...Claudia Ringler
This presentation describes first how climate change compromises food security and then explains the role of agriculture in greenhouse gas emissions. The crux is what
synergies exist between adaptation and mitigation, with recommendations for implementation.
Looking ahead to the big environmental and sustainability stories for 2012. Topics include: What does the U.S. presidential election mean for key environmental issues, including the future of the EPA? What will be the key drivers for renewable energy in 2012? What does China’s upcoming leadership transition mean? How will the expanding global population impact scarce natural resources, including forests? What will happen at the 2012 Earth Summit in Rio?
The document discusses various topics related to biofuels including:
1. Presentations were given on biofuel potential from various city mayors and experts from Conservation International.
2. Studies showed that switching the US to biofuels could save $70-280 billion per year by eliminating oil dependency and increased fuel efficiency could significantly reduce land requirements for biofuel production.
3. Algae systems using nutrient rich wastewater as a feedstock could produce far more biofuel per acre than other crops like corn or soy and provide clean water outputs.
This document discusses the link between access to energy and human development. It notes that approximately 1.3 billion people do not have access to electricity and 1 billion more do not have reliable access. Access to modern fuels is also lacking for many. The document advocates for universal access to energy by 2030, noting that the technical challenges are solvable but there are also social dimensions like equity, accessibility, and affordability that must be addressed. A variety of technologies are proposed to provide distributed electric access, including energy home systems, mini-grids, and integrated renewable energy systems that combine sources.
This document summarizes information from a presentation on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Hawaii. It discusses Hawaii's reliance on imported fossil fuels, goals to reduce emissions through renewable energy and efficiency. It also outlines threats from climate change through sea level rise, ocean acidification, and ecosystem impacts. The presentation examines Hawaii's efforts through the Global Warming Solutions Act and the modeling work of the University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization's Energy and Greenhouse Gas Solutions group to analyze policy options and impacts.
The document discusses the synergies between climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa's agriculture sector. It finds that agriculture practices can both reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help farmers adapt to climate impacts. Many common practices provide benefits for mitigation, adaptation, and income generation. However, Africa's potential for agricultural mitigation is currently not realized due to barriers like high transaction costs and lack of institutional support. The document calls for continued pilot programs and capacity building to better integrate adaptation and mitigation in Sub-Saharan African agriculture.
Presentación de Sofia Martínez, Profesora del Programa Ejecutivo en Gestión de Proyectos de Energías Renovables http://bit.ly/dozVqK con motivo de la exposición Universial de Shanghai.
28 de julio de 2010
Informing policy development for sustainable and productive food production s...Joanna Hicks
The document discusses improving food production systems in dry areas through more efficient water use. It notes that global food security faces challenges of increasing production 70-100% by 2050 without significant price increases due to population growth, climate change, and land/water constraints. Dry areas have severe water scarcity issues exacerbating these challenges. The document advocates for policies and research that optimize productivity through sustainable production, rural development, and environmental/social outcomes to better inform policy development for dry areas.
The document discusses the history of energy use and climate change. It summarizes that:
1) Past energy resources like whale oil were eventually depleted and replaced by other sources as consumption increased and technologies advanced. 2) Measurement of carbon dioxide levels in Hawaii provided clear evidence of increasing atmospheric CO2 from human activities. 3) Electric grids transitioned from small local systems to large interconnected networks powered initially by coal and later natural gas and renewable energy.
GreenATP ucla anderson business school mp totten 06 11Michael P Totten
Slides from seminar. See article for details: http://www.scribd.com/mtotten6756
Summary:
Humanity’s unceasing ingenuity is generating vast economic gain for billions of people with goods unavailable to even kings and queens throughout most of history. Unfortunately, this economic growth has triggered unprecedented se- curity challenges of global and historical magnitude: more absolute poor than any time in human history, the sixth largest extinction spasm of life on earth, climate destabilization with mega-catastrophic consequences, and multi-trillion dollar wars over access to energy. These multiple, inextricably interwoven chal- lenges have low probability of being solved if decision makers maintain the strong propensity to think and act as if life is linear, has no carrying capacity limits, uncertainty is controllable, the future free of surprises, planning is predictable and compartmentalized into silos, and Gaussian distributions are taken as the norm while fat-tail futures are ignored. Although the future holds irreducible uncertainties, it is not fated. The emergence of Internet availability to one-third of humanity and access by most of humanity within a decade has spawned the Web analogue of a ‘Cambrian explosion’ of speciation in knowledge applica- tions. Among the most prodigious have been collaboration innovation networks (COINs) reflecting a diversity of ‘genome’ types, facilitating a myriad of collective intelligence crowd-swarming phenomena (Malone T, Laubacher R, Dellarocas C. The Collective Intelligence Genome. MIT Sloan Management Review, Spring; 2010, Vol. 51). COINs are essential tools for accelerating and scaling transformational solutions (positive tipping points) to the wicked problems confronting humanity. Web COINs enable acceleration of multiple-benefit innovations and solutions to these problems that permeate the nested clusters of linked nonlinear complex adaptive systems comprising the global biosphere and socioeconomy [Raford N. How to build a collective intelligence platform to crowdsource almost anything. Available at: http:news.noahraford.com.
GreenATP ucla anderson business school mp totten 06 11
Asdl kul2-permasalahan-lh
1. 3/14/2011
6,8
KINI TERDAPAT
MILYAR ORANG DI BUMI
WHAT HAVE WE
SETIAP TAHUN KITA SEMUA
DONE1. MENYESAKI PLANET KITA
MENGKONSUMSI SUMBER DAYA BUMI
1,4 KALI OUR PLANET?
2 LEBIH BANYAK
2. MEMUASKAN KEBUTUHAN KITA
DIBANDING YANG MAMPU DIPERBARUI
OLEH PLANET INI.
KULIAH #2 3. MEMERAS SUMBER DAYA KITA
PERMASALAHAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PWK UB, 3 MARET 2011
MUSTIKA ANGGRAENI
KEY CONCEPTS
1. REVIEW GLOBAL
MASALAH LINK. GLOBAL
PERMASALAHAN
LINGKUNGAN LOKAL
2. FAKTOR-FAKTOR KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN
3. REFLEKSI PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
1
2. 3/14/2011
GREENHOUSE GASES PENGGUNAAN FOSSIL FUEL:
CARBON DIOXIDE – FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION. PERMUKIMAN URBAN MELEPASKAN 9 – 25 TON
METHANE – FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCTION, CO2 PER KAPITA PER TAHUN
DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC WASTES. 60% TERTAHAN DI ATMOSFERE
NITROUS OXIDE - AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL KANDUNGAN CO2 ATMOSFER MENINGKAT 0.4%
ACTIVITIES, AS WELL AS DURING COMBUSTION OF / TAHUN.
SOLID WASTE AND FOSSIL FUELS. POLUSI UDARA
EFEK RUMAH KACA PEMANASAN GLOBAL
2
3. 3/14/2011
WORLD ENERGY COMSUMTION
Why will we need more energy?
PREDICTION ARE PROJECTED TO INCREASE BY MORE
WORLD ENERGY NEEDS
THAN 55% IN THE NEXT 20 YEARS.
World Energy Consum pt ion Project ion
700
Energy (Quadrillion Bt u)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Year
Nort h Am erica Cen t ral, Sou t h Am . West ern Eu rop e Mat u re Asia
Em erg in g Asia Mid d le East Africa Tran sit ion al
Tot al
Developed nations consume the Developed nations have similar
most energy uses for energy.
Energy Consumption (and Population) US Energy Use by Sect or
by Region
Western Residential 15.31%
Europe (6%)
17% Asia, Oceania Electric Power 28.01%
(61%)
Middle East 29%
(1%) Com m ercial 12.64%
5%
Africa (13%)
3%
Transportation 20.07%
North America Industrial 23.97%
(5%) Eastern Europe
28% (6%)
South America 13%
(9%)
5%
3
4. 3/14/2011
Greenhouse Warming:
Greenhouse Warming
Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gases allow
The surface temperature sunlight to reach the
of the earth is determined surface, but absorb
by the balance between outgoing radiation from
the energy gain from
incoming solar radiation the surface. These effects
and the energy loss by cause the surface of the
Outgoing radiation. Earth to get hotter.
KONSENTRASI GAS
PENCEMAR SEPERTI
: CO2, METHANE,
N2O MENINGKAT
SECARA DRASTIS
AKIBAT
DIMULAINYA
REVOLUSI INDUSTRI
4
5. 3/14/2011
POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL
WARMING
MENINGKATNYA TEMPERATURE BIOSPHERE
KUTUB ES MENCAIR
PERMUKAAN AIR LAUT NAIK (BANJIR DI KOTA-KOTA BESAR)
MENINGKATNYA KANDUNGAN GAS METHAN
PERUBAHAN IKLIM
CURAH HUJAN LEBIH TINGGI DLM PERIODE YG LEBIH PENDEK
LEBIH BANYAK EVAPORASI DAN PENURUNAN KELEMBABAN TANAH
PERUBAHAN IKLIM LOKAL HUTAN, PANEN, SUPLAI AIR
KERUSAKAN EKOSISTEM
STRESS DAN KEMATIAN TUMBUHAN
MIGRASI BINATANG
MELUASNYA PADANG PASIR
HUMAN HEALTH
STRESS AKIBAT PANAS
MIGRASI VEKTOR PENYAKIT
SETIAP POLA KENAIKAN KONSENTRASI CO2 SELALU DIIKUTI Peningkatan
DENGAN PENINGKATAN SUHU BUMI SEJAK 160 TH YANG LALU Temperatur yang
Positif mulai th
1900an
5
6. 3/14/2011
PROYEKSI PEMANASAN GLOBAL TAHUN 2050 SEA LEVEL RISE – THERMAL EXPANSION AND
MELTING ICE CAPS AND GLACIERS
Sea Level Rise
Sea level has increased 3.1
mm/year from 1993 - 2003
(IPCC, 2007)
This is 10 - 20 times faster than
during the last 3,000 years
(ACIA, 2004)
4 - 6 meters of sea level rise
locked in by 2100 if 3 times pre-
industrial CO2 or 1%
increase/year
(Overpeck et al., 2006)
6
7. 3/14/2011
APA YG KURANG DARI INDONESIA…?
PERMASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN DI HASIL TAMBANGNYA MEMASOK 25%TIMAH,
2,2% BATUBARA, 7,2% EMAS DAN 5,7% NIKEL
INDONESIA KEBUTUHAN DUNIA
SUMBER DAYA ENERGINYA KOMPLIT MULAI
MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI, BATUBARA HINGGA
YANG TERBARUKAN, SEPERTI TENAGA AIR,
ANGIN SURYA, PANAS BUMI HINGGA BIOMASA.
TUTUPAN HUTANNYA +72 JUTA HA.
KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATINYA TIADA TARA,
NO 2 DI DUNIA.
60% DARI 217 JUTA PENDUDUKNYA ADALAH
TENAGA KERJA PRODUKTIF
PERSOALAN LINGKUNGAN DI
INDONESIA
DEFORESTATION;
PENGELOLAAN DAERAH PERTAMBANGAN
RUSAK-BERKURANG-HILANGNYA BIO-
DIVERSITY;
COASTAL AREAS, LAUTAN;
PENURUNAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN
URBAN;
PERSEDIAAN AIR DAN SANITASI;
PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH PADAT;
EMISI KENDARAAN DI DAERAH URBAN;
POLUSI INDUSTRI
HILANGNYA KEDAULATAN PANGAN
DEFORESTASI
KONFLIK SUMBERDAYA LINGKUNGAN
7
8. 3/14/2011
DEFORESTRATION! Konsesi Kolosal Ekstraktif
30
• TIAP TAHUN 2-2,5 JUTA HA
HUTAN KITA HILANG DAN
RUSAK;
• NILAI EKONOMI KAYU YANG
DI DAPAT HANYA 7-10% DARI
TOTAL VALUE HUTAN;
• HUTAN LINDUNG KITA
TINGGAL 37 JUTA HA; Konsesi lahan di Indonesia
• HUTAN YANG MENGALAMI Lain-lain Tambang
73,1 juta ha 35% lahan
DEGRADASI SEKITAR 59,1
JUTA HA.
HTI HGU HPH
8,8 juta ha
15,0 juta ha 35,1 juta ha
BIODIVERSITY?
FUNGSI PENYIMPAN GEN YANG BERSIFAT
KETURUNAN, BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI PEMULIAAN
TANAMAN/HEWAN BUDIDAYA.
MENJAGA STABILITAS EKOSISTEM
KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI
8
9. 3/14/2011
Indonesian archipelago is 1.5% of the
earth land surface, but it hosts:
ANCAMAN TERHADAP KEHATI
42
• INDONESIA MEMILIKI 42 EKOSISTEM DARAT
DAN 5 EKOSISTEM LAUT YANG KHAS;
• INDONESIA MEMILIKI 17% SELURUH JUMLAH
SPESIES DI DUNIA; 12% MAMALIA DUNIA;
15% AMPHIBI DAN REPTIL; 17% BURUNG;
37% IKAN;
• 40 JUTA ORANG INDONESIA HIDUPNYA
TERGANTUNG OLEH KERAGAMAN HAYATI
Luas daratan Indonesia 1,3 % •
(HUTAN, PESISIR, DAN LAUT);
PENYELUNDUPAN SATWA LANGKA TERUS
TERJADI;
10% of the world plants • ANCAMAN TANAMAN TRANSGENIK (KAPAS,
PISANG DLL.)
25,000-30,000 sp. flowering plants
THREATENED MAMMALS IN THE
WORLD
TOTAL NUMB ER OF
COUNTRY THREATENED
mammals
MAMMAL S PECIES
In d o n e s ia 128
Ch in a 75
In d ia 75
Bra z il 71
Me xic o 64
Au s t ra lia 58
PNG 57
Ph ilip p in e s 49
Pe ru 46
Ma d a g a s c a r 46
Ke n ya ** 43
Ma la ys ia 42
De m . Re p . Of Co n g o ~ 38
Vie t n a m ** 38
US A 35
Co lo m b ia 35
Et h io p ia ** 35 PERMASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN PESISIR
Th a ila n d ** 34
S o u t h Afric a 33
Ta n z a n ia ** 33
** NOT A MEGADIVERSITY COUNTRY
TOTAL OF CRITICALLY ENDANGERED, ENDANGERED, AND VULNERABLE IDENTIFIED IN 1996 IUCN RED LIST = 1,096
TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES IN MEGADIVERSITY COUNTRIES (15) ON THIS LIST = 852
44
PERCENT OF ALL THREATENED SPECIES THAT EXIST IN MEGADIVERSITY COUNTRIES (852/1,096)=77.7%
~ FORMERLY ZAIRE
9
10. 3/14/2011
KEKAYAAN PESISIR KITA The Coral Triangle –coral reefs
KITA MEMILIKI 81.000 KM GARIS PANTAI
YANG INDAH DAN KAYA;
70% MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI DIAMBIL
DARI KAWASAN PESISIR DAN LAUT;
“MEGA MARINE BIODIVERSITY “
TERBESAR DI DUNIA, DIMANA TERDAPAT:
8500 SPECIES IKAN
555 SPECIES RUMPUT LAUT
950 SPECIES TERUMBU KARANG (14% DUNIA)
POTENSI INDUSTRI-BIOTEKNOLOGI LAUT
DAN PESISIR BISA SAMPAI 82 MILLIAR US
500.000 HA TAMBAK UDANG DPT
MENGHASILKAN 7 MILLIAR US $;
POTENSI LESTARI SD PERIKANAN
INDONESIA : 6,26 JUTA TON/TH, YANG
BOLEH DIEKSPLOITASI 80% ATAU 5,01
JUTA TON/TAHUN.
LUAS MANGROVE : 2,4 JUTA HA
TERMASUK YANG PALING BERAGAM DI
DUNIA.
48
THE PROBLEM IS.. .. LANJUT
EKSPLOITASI PENANGKAPAN IKAN PEMERINTAH MENINGKATKAN EKSPLOITASI
PENGGUNAAN KAPAL PUKAT DAN MODERN PROCESSING SYSTEM DAN INDUSTRIALISASI SEKTOR PERIKANAN
INDONESIA
PENCURIAN IKAN OLEH KAPAL ASING
KERUSAKAN HABITAT LAUT KARENA RACUN & BOM EKSPLOITASI PASIR DAN BATU KAWASAN
PESISIR DI PULAU-PULAU KECIL TERUS
BANYAK AREA YANG SUDAH OVER FISHING DAN PERLU BERLANGSUNG TANPA TERKENDALIBELASAN
RESTOCKING PULAU KECIL TERANCAM MUSNAH
KERUSAKAN TERUMBU KARANG NELAYAN KECIL TIDAK BISA MELAUT KARENA
TERUMBU KARANG: 41% RUSAK PARAH, 29% RUSAK, 25% BBM
LUMAYAN BAIK, 5% ALAMI;
INDUSTRI PELAYARAN ; KEGIATAN PELAYARAN
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT EKSPLOITASI IKAN KARANG DG RACUN & DOMESTIK 97 % KAPAL ASING, KEGIATAN
BOM EKSPOR IMPOR 94% INDUSTRI PELAYARAN
EKSPLOITASI KAWASAN PERAIRAN MANGROVE TRADISIONAL TERDESAK
MANGROVE/HUTAN BAKAU: 50% DI SULAWESI TELAH HILANG KUALITAS AIR LAUT MEMPRIHATINKAN (38%
PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DARAT YANG MERUBAH SAMPEL IKAN DI TELUK JKT TERCEMAR MERKURI,
KOMPOSISI KIMIA KAWASAN MANGROVE WHO), AKIBAT KEGIATAN DI DARATAN MISAL
INDUSTRI, TRANSPORTASI, PERTANIAN DLL.
10
11. 3/14/2011
PERMASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN KOTA
1. 1/3 PENDUDUK DUNIA TINGGAL DI
PERUMAHAN YANG TIDAK MEMENUHI
SYARAT;
2. SUPLAI AIR BERSIH DARI PEMERINTAH
HANYA 40-50% PENDUDUK KOTA;
3. POLUSI UDARA TELAH TERJADI DI BANYAK
KOTA INDONESIA;
PERMASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN PERKOTAAN
4. SAMPAH PADAT SEMAKIN TAK
TERTANGANI
11
12. 3/14/2011
MASALAH TRANSPORTASI KOTA
TERJADI PENINGKATAN PEMILIKAN
KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI NEGARA-
NEGARA BERKEMBANG SEBESAR 10%
(1970-1990);
PADA TAHUN 1990, TRANSPORTASI
KONTRIBUSI SEPERTIGA DARI TOTAL 125
BILLION TONS CARBON DIOXIDE DALAM
SEKTOR ENERGI;
DI INDONESIA, SEKITAR 30 GIGATON/GT
DARI TOTAL 35 GT TOTAL EMISI DARI
SEKTOR TRANSPORT DISUMBANGKAN
OLEH TRANSPORTASI DARAT;
SANITATION
AIR & SANITASI SALAH SATU MOTOR PENGGERAK UTAMA
DARI TAHUN 1994-1999, KONSUMSI ENERGI
KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT PERJUANGAN BESAR MELAWAN
UNTUK TRANSPORT DI INDONESIA MENINGKAT SEGALA JENIS PENYAKIT
DARI 1000 BAYI LAHIR 50 DI ANTARANYA MENINGGAL KRN DIARE
DARI 36,5% MENJADI 40,1% DARI SEMUA (DEPKES) PENGGUNAAN AIR YG TERCEMAR TINJA.
JALAN-JALAN DI AMERIKA MENGKONSUMSI SUPLAI AIR BERSIH YG LEBIH BAIK MAMPU MENGURANGI
ANGKA KEMATIAN AKIBAT DIARE ±21%.
HAMPIR SEPERTIGA LAHAN KOTA, SATU SANITASI LEBIH BAIK ANGKA KEMATIAN AKIBAT DIARE ±
KILOMETER EXPRESSWAY DAPAT DIPAKAI UNTUK 37,5% SANITASI TETAP PRIORITAS RENDAH ANGGARAN
MINIM MANFAAT YG LANGSUNG TERASA LEBIH MINIM DRPD
PERUMAHAN BAGI 1000 JIWA; MANFAAT INVESTASI PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN, JALAN, DLL
ALOKASI DANA HANYA RP 200/KAPITA UTK SANITASI WARGA 30
SETIAP HARI, 1300 MANUSIA MENINGGAL TAHUN BERAKHIR INI IDEALNYA PERKOTAAN HARUS
MENYEDIAKAN RP 47.000/KAPITA UNTUK SANITASI.
KARENA KECELAKAAN LALU-LINTAS.
12
13. 3/14/2011
TANTANGAN (1)
JAWA & BALI TERMASUK DAERAH TERPADAT DI DUNIA
125 JUTA ORANG MEMBUANG ±10 JUTA M3/DAY AIR LIMBAH KE LINGKUNGAN
AIR SUMUR/KRAN DI KEBANYAKAN KOTA DI INDONESIA TIDAK SESUAI UTK
KONSUMSI MANUSIA AKIBAT KONTAMINASI E.COLI.
KEBANYAKAN SISTEM ON-SITE TIDAK BERFUNGSI DENGAN EFISIEN.
KEHIDUPAN & SUMBER DAYA ALAM KHUSUSNYA DI PEMUKIMAN MISKIN
PERKOTAAN SEMAKIN TERANCAM.
MASYARAKAT PERKOTAAN ALIRAN NUTRIEN TANAMAN LINEAR NUTRIEN
DIAMBIL TANAMAN DARI TANAH, DIANGKUT KE PASAR, DIMAKAN,
DIEKSKRESIKAN, DIBUANG.
MASYARAKAT YG BERKELANJUTAN PRODUKSI MAKANAN HARUS
DIDASARKAN PD PENGEMBALIAN NUTRIEN TANAMAN KE TANAH.
PENGGUNAAN PUPUK KIMIA TIDAK SUSTAINABLE PRODUKSINYA
BERGANTUNG PD SUMBER DAYA TAK TERBAHARUKAN.
DLM 25 THN KE DEPAN 90% POPULASI DUNIA AKAN TERSERAP DI AREA
PERKOTAAN WILAYAH2 YG KURANG BERKEMBANG.
TANTANGAN (2) DROP-AND-STORE
PRAKTEK SANITASI DEWASA INI DROP-AND-STORE SEDERHANA &
DIDASARKAN PD: RELATIF LOW-COST BANYAK
‘MENYEMBUNYIKAN’ EKSKRETA DI LUBANG YG DLM (‘DROP- KEKURANGAN:
AND-STORE’)
TIDAK SESUAI DIPAKAI DI DAERAH PADAT,
MENGGELONTOR EKSKRETA & ‘MENGENCERKANNYA’ DI
SUNGAI, DANAU & LAUT (‘FLUSH-AND-DISCHARGE’) BERBATU, AIR TANAH TINGGI, BANJIR
PERLU AKSES KE LAHAN TERBUKA &
PENGGALIAN LUBANG BARU DLM BBRP
THN
MENCEMARI AIR TANAH & MENJADI
TEMPAT PERKEMBANGBIAKAN VEKTOR
PENYAKIT
Flush & Discharge
Drop & Store
13
14. 3/14/2011
FLUSH-AND-DISCHARGE
DO NOT MIX !
FLUSH-AND-DISCHARGE
PERLU BANYAK AIR UTK
MENGGELONTOR
INVESTASI SANGAT BESAR
JARINGAN PERPIPAAN
AIR BERSIH & AIR LIMBAH,
IPAL & PAM
DLM 1 THN TIAP ORG
MENGGELONTOR 400-
500 L URINE & 50 L
FAECES DGN 15,000 L AIR
BERSIH.
AIR MINUM SBG ‚SARANA
TRANSPORT‘
BIAYA KAPITAL TINGGI
PROBLEM TRANSFER
PENGELOLAAN PERTAMBANGAN
POTENSI TAMBANG INDONESIA: EMAS & TEMBAGA DI PAPUA
(TEMBAGA FOSFIR 32JUTA TON); TIMAH DI BANGKA–BELITUNG
(6000 TON); NIKEL (1M TON); BATUBARA DI SUMATRA &
KALIMANTAN (36,5 M TON)
TAHUN 40-AN BATU BARA KOMODITAS PENTING PERDAGANGAN;
70-AN INDONESIA MENGALAMI OIL BOOM; 80 AN EKSPOR NON
MIGAS EKSPLOITASI HUTAN; TAHUN 90-AN INVESTASI
MENGARAH PADA EKSPLOITASI TAMBANG MINERAL.
SUMBERDAYA PERTAMBANGAN DIGER1OGOTI SECARA
SISTEMATIS DAN MASIF OLEH PIHAK ASING
PP NO 2 TAHUN 2008 MENGENAI PNBP SALAH SATU KAWASAN
PENGELOLAAN DAERAH PERTAMBANGAN YANG DAPAT DIMANFAATKAN UNTUK PERTAMBANGAN ADALAH
DI KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG, DENGAN SEWA ANTARA 1,2 JUTA
-3 JUTA PER HEKTAR PER TAHUN
14
15. 3/14/2011
DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN
PERTAMBANGAN
LIMBAH TAILINGS
PERUBAHAN BENTANG
LAHAN
DAMPAKSOSIAL :
MEMARJINALKAN
PENDUDUK LOKAL HILANGNYA KEDAULATAN PANGAN
REVOLUSI HIJAU SAAT INI
KEBIJAKAN MONOKULTUR BERAS (1963/64) PERALIHAN FUNGSI LAHAN TERUS BERLANGSUNG
TIDAK SEMUA PENDUDUK INDONESIA MAKANAN PENCIUTAN LAHAN PERTANIAN SEBESAR 64,444
POKOKNYA BERAS HEKTAR/TAHUN).
PENYERAGAMAN BIBIT UNGGUL, MENGANCAM ALIH FUNGSI TERBANYAK UNTUK LAHAN
BIODIVERSITY PEMUKIMAN SEBESAR 41,1 PERSEN
PENGGUNAAN PUPUK KIMIA & PESTISIDA PRODUKSI DAN DISTRIBUSI PANGAN TERGANTUNG
MENURUNKAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA KORPORASI
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE PETANI TERKIKIS
44 DAS KRITIS
15
16. 3/14/2011
LEDAKAN PENDUDUK
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PERMASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN
9
LEDAKAN POPULASI 8
7
PROYEKSI PBB, PADA 1. ASIA
2050 POPULASI DUNIA 2. AFRIKA
AKAN MENCAPAI 9,2 M 3. AMERIKA LATIN 6
LEDAKAN PDDK 4. EROPA
5. AMERIKA UTARA 5
KARENA: KEMAJUAN DI 6. AUSTRALIA &
BIDANG KESEHATAN OSEANIA
DAN STABILNYA 4
KESUBURAN
SAAT INI EFEK 3
TINGGINYA POPULASI
DIBANDINGKAN YANG 2
BISA DITAMPUNG BUMI
SEMAKIN NYATA;
KELAPARAN GLOBAL, 1
HABISNYA SD, DLL.
16
17. 3/14/2011
FORCED MIGRATION V
PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN MEMAKSA PERGERAKAN
PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN MENCAIRNYA
PERMAFROST, MENINGKATNYA FREKUENSI BANJIR DI
WILAYAH PESISIR AKIBAT TINGGINYA AIR PASANG,
SEA LEVEL RISE, LAHAN YANG TANDUS. DLL.
BANGLADESH DAN INDONESIA MENJADI NEGARA2
YANG RENTAN TERHADAP KRISIS ALAM YANG
MENYEBABKAN MIGRASI/PENGUNGSI LINGKUNGAN
YANG TINGGI.
GOBI, CHINA ALASKA, AS TUVALU HAITI
POLA KONSUMSI
17
18. 3/14/2011
SETIAP TAHUN KITA SEMUA
MENGKONSUMSI SUMBER DAYA BUMI 1,4
KALI LEBIH BANYAK DIBANDING YANG
MAMPU DIPERBARUI OLEH PLANET INI.
JIKA KONSUMSI SETIAP ORANG SAMA
SEPERTI KONSUMSI ORANG AS, KITA
MEMBUTUHKAN 5,4 BUMI
JIKA KONSUMSI KITA SEPERTI
INGGRIS : 3,1
AFSEL : 1,4
ARGENTINA : 1,2
INDIA : 0,4
TEKANAN PENDUDUK DAN
KOMERSIALISASI LINGKUNGAN
82
1. TEKANAN PENDUDUK TELAH MENYEBABKAN
PROSES EKSPLOITASI LINGKUNGAN YANG
SEMAKIN TAK TERKONTROL;
2. POLA PRODUKSI DAN KONSUMSI YANG
TIDAK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN SEMAKIN
MERUSAK DAN MENGANCAM
KEBERLANJUTAN KITA SEMUA;
3. KEMISKINAN DAN KETAMAKAN
MENYEBABKAN BUMI INI SEMAKIN
MENDERITA;
4. TERJADI PERGESERAN YANG PENTING DARI
MELIHAT LINGKUNGAN DAN SUMBER DAYA
ALAM SEBAGAI ‘SOCIAL GOODS’ KE
‘COMMERCIAL GOODS’
5. PASAR TIDAK/BELUM MAU MENGCOVER BIAYA
LINGKUNGAN DAN BIAYA SOSIAL.
18
19. 3/14/2011
RIGHTS TO ENVIRONMENT AND
ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE FAKTOR PERSOALAN LINGKUNGAN
83
1. TELAH TERJADI KETIDAK ADILAN
LINGKUNGAN YANG LUAR BIASA -
PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK
TERJADI GAP YANG LUAR BIASA MINIMNYA ETIKA LINGKUNGAN
ANTARA YANG ‘OVER CONSUMPTION’
DAN ‘UNDER CONSUMPTION; OVER CONSUMPTION
2. HAK-HAK DASAR LINGKUNGAN
TERABAIKAN; LINGKUNGAN
KEMISKINAN DAN KETAMAKAN
MERUPAKAN HAK DASAR MANUSIA; PERTIMBANGAN EKONOMI DOMINAN
3. PENGABAIAN ATAS HAK DAN KEADILAN
LINGKUNGAN DAPAT MENIMBULKAN RESPON NEGARA SEADANYA DAN BERSIFAT TANGGAP
KONFLIK LINGKUNGAN DAN SOSIAL DARURAT
YANG KOMPLEKS DAN AKUT;
5. MASYARAKAT SEMAKIN KRITIS UNTUK KELEMAHAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM
MENUNTUT HAK LINGKUNGAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN
KEADILAN LINGKUNGAN.
KONSEPSI PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
“SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS THE
DEVELOPMENT THAT MEETS THE NEEDS OF THE
PRESENT WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE ABILITY
OF FUTURE GENERATIONS TO MEET THEIR OWN
NEEDS “
(WCED, 1987:8)
REFLEKSI: MENUJU PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
19
20. 3/14/2011
KONSEPSI PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
THE
IMPERATIVES :
SUSTAIN ECONOMIC SEKIAN
ULTIMATE DEVELOPMENT
INCOME GENERATING
ECONOMICALLY VIABLE
GOAL EMPLOYMENT CREATION
TERIMAKASIH
LOCAL ECONOMIC
OF SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
WELFARE OF
HUMAN BEING
SOCIALLY,
POLLITICALLY
ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE &
FRIEDLY CULTURALLY IMPERATIVES :
IMPERATIVES: SENSITIVE COMMUNITY
CONSERVATION + DEVELOPMENT/EMPOWERMENT
PRESERVATION DEMOCRATIZATION
RESOURCES EFFICIENCY DECENTRALIZATION
REDUCE WASTE INDIGENEOUS KNOWLEDGE
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY SOCIAL EQUITY
CULTURAL INTEGRITY
20