About milk

1. DR. TARUN VERMA
DEPARTMENT OF DAIRY SCIENCE AND FOOD
TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC: THERE'S NO ALTERNATIVE TO MILK
Presented
to:
Presented
by:
ARUNISH CHAWLA
23212AGC218
B.Sc.(Hons.) Ag. 3rd Year

2. There's no
alternative
to milk
nutrition
Let's Start

3. India's Livestock and Dairy
Sector Summary
Livestock Population
(2021):
Cattle: 192.49 million
Buffalo: 109.45
million
Sheep: 72.46 million
Goats: 148.88 million
Pigs: 9.06 million
Poultry: 851.81
million
Page 2
Economic Contribution:
Livestock sector
supports two-thirds of
rural communities.
Compound annual
growth rate: 7.9%
(2014-2021).
Contribution to
agriculture GVA
increased from 24.3%
(2014-15) to 30.1%
(2020-21).
Dairy Industry:
Contributes about 5% to
national economy.
Employs 80 million dairy
farmers.
Leading global producer
and consumer of dairy
products.
Growth rate: 9-11%
(2021-22).
Milk production: 221.06
million tons (2020-21),
24% of global
production.

4. India's Livestock and Dairy
Sector Summary
Top Milk-Producing
States:
•Rajasthan: 15.05%
•Uttar Pradesh: 14.93%
•Madhya Pradesh: 8.6%
•Gujarat: 7.56%
•Andhra Pradesh: 6.97%
Milk Production by
Source:
•Indigenous buffaloes:
31.58%
•Crossbred cattle: 29.91%
•Indigenous cattle:
10.35%
•Non-descript cattle:
9.82%
•Exotic cow: 1.92%
•Non-descript buffaloes:
13.49%
•Goat milk: 2.93%
Dairy Industry:
•Contributes about 5% to
national economy.
•Employs 80 million dairy
farmers.
•Leading global producer
and consumer of dairy
products.
•Growth rate: 9-11%
(2021-22).
•Milk production: 221.06
million tons (2020-21),
24% of global
production.

5. India's Livestock and Dairy
Sector Summary
Economic Value:
GVA from milk products: Rs.
931969 crores.
Dairy market value: USD 203.3
billion (2022), projected to
grow to USD 472.7 billion by
2028 (CAGR: 15.4%).
Exports:
2021-22: 108,711 MT of dairy
products, valued at Rs. 2,928.79
crore (US$ 391.59 million).
Key export destinations:
Bangladesh, UAE, Bahrain,
Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Qatar.
Major products: Butter & ghee,
milk powder, cheese, whey,
buttermilk.

6. Nutritional Value of Milk
Historical Significance:
Revered since ancient times, especially in Indian Vedic texts.
Nutritional Profile:
Milk contains proteins, fats, lactose, vitamins, and minerals.
Essential for growth, development, and bone mass formation.

7. Nutritional Value of Milk
Composition:
Cow milk: 8.3% solids-not-fat, 3.2% milk fat.
≥ ≥
Buffalo milk: 9.0% solids-not-fat, 6.0% milk fat.
≥ ≥
Raw whole milk (dry basis): 29.36% fat, 26.98% protein, 38.1%
lactose, 5.56% ash.
Skim milk: 52.15% lactose, 38.71% protein, 1.08% fat, 8.06% ash.

8. Nutritional Value of Milk
Health Benefits:
Cow's milk: Benefits digestive health, helps with uric acid and acidity.
Buffalo milk: High in calcium, beneficial for bone health.
Goat's milk: Better digestibility, rich in calcium, vitamin B6, vitamin A, potassium,
and selenium. Suitable for lactose-intolerant individuals.
Camel milk: Contains immune-active proteins, beneficial for disease defense.
Donkey milk: Similar to human breast milk, rich in lactose, known for therapeutic
properties.

10. Key Components:
Lactoferrin, milk fat globule
membrane, colostrum IgG: Support
immune system, reduce respiratory
infections.
Casein-derived peptides: Promote
bone health, reduce osteoporosis
risk.
Medium chain fatty acids in goat
milk: Lower cholesterol, prevent
gallstones.
Special Applications:
Goat milk: Used in
gastrointestinal and respiratory
treatments, dengue fever.
Camel milk: Immune-boosting
properties.
Donkey milk: Therapeutic uses in
Europe, similar to mare and
human milk
Nutritional Value of Milk

12. Market Structure:
Unorganized Sector: Milkmen and
vendors.
Organized Sector: Cooperatives and
private dairies with efficient
procurement and distribution
channels.
Milk Consumption:
46% consumed at producer level
or sold/bartered in rural areas.
54% marketed through
cooperatives or unorganized
players.
Processing Milk into Value-
Added Dairy Products

13. Constraints & Strategies for
Sustainable Milk Production
in India

14. Current Issue:
Low productivity of dairy animals.
Indigenous/non-descript cows: 3.36 kg/day.
Exotic/crossbred cows: 8.52 kg/day (2021-22).
Solution:
Select bulls with high genetic
merit for breeding.
Crossbreed selected local and
nondescript breeds with specific
exotic and improved breeds.
Utilize molecular genetics
techniques alongside conventional
breeding to optimize programs.
Focus on genotype-environment
interactions to maximize milk
production potential in both
extensive and intensive systems.
Breeding Policies

15. Current Issue:
Low productivity of dairy animals.
Indigenous/non-descript cows: 3.36 kg/day.
Exotic/crossbred cows: 8.52 kg/day (2021-22).
Solution:
Select bulls with high genetic
merit for breeding.
Crossbreed selected local and
nondescript breeds with specific
exotic and improved breeds.
Utilize molecular genetics
techniques alongside conventional
breeding to optimize programs.
Focus on genotype-environment
interactions to maximize milk
production potential in both
extensive and intensive systems.
Breeding Policies

16. Balanced Diet:
Increases milk production, fat, and SNF content.
Fodder Area: 4.9% of gross cropped area; static for 25 years.
Feed Sources:
Cereal residues: 71%
Green fodder: 23%
Concentrates: 6%
Government Plan Needed: To boost fodder production.
Niti Aayog Suggestions:
Procure substandard grains from weak infrastructure states.
"Price Deficiency Payment" for maize, soybean.
Feeding Management of
Dairy Animals

17. Strategies:
Strengthen fodder seed production.
Convert crop residues to feed blocks and silage.
Utilize non-commercial crops.
Promote green fodder and crop diversification.
Cost Impact: Nutrition is 60-70% of dairy costs; better management can reduce costs
and boost production.
Feeding Management of
Dairy Animals

18. piii jao
piii jao
piii jao
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