Arthuna: complex temple

1. SUMMER PROJECT
CASESTUDY
ON
ARTHUNA COMPLEX
OF TEMPLES
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
HEENA PATIDAR Mr Alok Kumar Maurya
B.ARCH III SEM
ASAP,JPR

2. •Arthunais a popular place in Rajasthanlocated at 23°30'
N latitudeand 74°08' E longitude at an average altitudeof
204 meters.
• Arthunabelongs to Banswara district of Rajasthanand is
53 km away from the district headquarters.

4. •The old name of the place was Utthunaka.
•Arthuna as well as its surrounding areas have clusters of
ruined Hindu and Jain temples belonging to the 11th, 12th and
the 15th centuries.
•Arthuna was once the capital of Paramaras who ruled over the
state of Vagad. They patronized both Jainism and Saivism
simultaneously, so they constructed a number of Siva temples.
•Paramaras were originally the rulers of the Malwa region in the
11th century. One of the most famous Paramara king was Raja
Bhoja, a great patron of Sanskrit.
•Many temples have been excavated which reveal the glorious
past of our rich heritage. It is called the village of old and
broken temples.

5. •In a group of temples knownas Hanumangarhiis located
NilakanthaMahadeva temple.
•The templeis an old stone templeshaving beautifulintricate carvings
and sculpted figures of womenembedded in theouter walls.
•The bullNandi (Lord Shiva’s faithfulvehicle) standsguard at the
entrancein the templeporch.
•The place was associated with the Lakulisasect of Saivism.

7. Exterior Carving

9. •The MandaleswarTemple, built in 1080AD by a
Paramara king called Chamunda Raja,is another noteworthy
one dedicated to Lord Shiva.
•The temple hassome insciptions and sculpted figures, a
common feature in ancient Hindu and Jain temples.
•Other nameless temples within the periphery alsohave some
marvellous sculptures and figures on their exterior walls.
•It is famous for fairs heldduring Shivaratri and Holi.

10. PLAN:
•Garbha-griha, which contains the main deity of the temple. It has
a tower called a vimana over it.
•The mandapa is in front of the garbha-griha (inner sanctum) for
public rituals. . Devotees use the hall to sit, meditate, pray, chant or
watch the priests perform the rituals. The hall is usually decorated
with paintings of gods and goddesses.

11. Main Temple parts:
kalaasha
amalak
a
pista
Rekha deul
rahapaga

12. •Rekha deul is marked by the curvilinear sikhara a .It covers and
protects the sanctum sanctorum (garba griha).
•The pidha-deul as described above is in the form of a stepped
pyramid with receding tiers of pidhas.
•The word shikhara is used to denote the whole superstructure
including the crown (amalaka) and the finial (kalasha).
•The central projection, is known as raha paga.
•On elevation, both the pidha and rekha deuls are divided into the
components namely, pishta (or jangha, the platform), bada (the
wall portion, the vertical wall), gandi (the portion immediately above
the bada), the the trunk portion of a body.

13. Digamber Jain Atishay Kshetra:
•ThisDigamber Jain Atishay Kshetra is located on a smallhill which is ata
distance of 1 km from Arthuna.
•There are forty nine idols of Jain Theethankarasin Padmasana posture.
These idols belong to 12th century and carved on a single rock.
•There are beautiful sculptures carved on the temple walls including women
in dancing postures. Thisarea is surrounded with gardens and mountains and
the environment looks quite natural.

15. However, various portions of these exquisite temples
have been bluntly repaired with bricks.