Arthritis, mcphee lecture
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This document discusses arthritis and its types, risk factors, clinical features, radiological findings, and treatment options. It covers the different types of joints including synovial joints like the hinge, rotating hinge, condyloid, and ball and socket joints. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include genetics, age, hormones, mechanics, and trauma. Surgical treatment options range from debridement to osteotomy, arthrodesis, and arthroplasty.
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The document summarizes the history and activities of the AO Foundation, an organization dedicated to improving fracture treatment. It discusses:
1) The early pioneers in fracture treatment who established the AO principles of osteosynthesis in the 1950s-1960s.
2) The current activities of the AO Foundation to advance fracture treatment through education, clinical research, product approval, and global networking of surgeons.
3) How the AO Foundation has trained over 215,000 surgeons and 110,000 medical staff through extensive course offerings and fellowships around the world.
Classification of bones and Anatomy of a long bone
Bones can be classified in several ways, including by shape, location, function, and microscopic features. Long bones can be divided into four main parts: the epiphysis, physis, metaphysis, and diaphysis. The epiphysis contains pressure-bearing cartilage and bone at the end of the bone. Between the epiphysis and diaphysis is the physis or epiphyseal plate, which is responsible for longitudinal bone growth. The metaphysis is the transitional zone between the epiphysis and diaphysis. The diaphysis forms the tubular shaft in the center of the bone. Understanding bone classification and anatomy is important for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Osteoarthritis management
Dr. A. Mohan Krishna is a consultant orthopaedic surgeon based in Hyderabad, India who specializes in trauma, arthroscopy, and arthroplasty. He operates at Apollo Hospitals and maintains a private practice through his websites, where he treats patients for conditions like osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects cartilage and surrounding tissues in weight-bearing joints. As the condition progresses, cartilage breaks down and bone rubs against bone, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Dr. Krishna's treatments for osteoarthritis include medications, physiotherapy, nutraceuticals, viscosupplementation injections, steroid injections, and arthroscopic procedures to relieve pain and mechanical symptoms.
Anatomy unit 5 skeletal and muscular systems bone injury notes
The document describes 10 different types of bone injuries: comminuted fractures which break bone into 3 or more pieces; spiral fractures which result from twisting forces; depressed fractures where part of the bone is pressed inward; transverse fractures which break straight through the bone; oblique fractures which break on a diagonal; open fractures which break the skin; compression fractures which crush the bone; epiphyseal fractures where the epiphysis separates from the diaphysis; and greenstick fractures where the bone breaks incompletely on one side.
presentation at Hosp Sultanah Bahiyah
The document provides information on osteoarthritis and total knee replacement (TKR). It discusses the anatomy of the knee joint and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis results in the breakdown of articular cartilage and rubbing of bones. TKR involves replacing worn cartilage and bone with metal and plastic surfaces. Non-surgical treatments for osteoarthritis include medications, injections, exercise, and weight loss. If non-surgical treatments fail to provide relief, TKR may be recommended. The document also includes a case study of a patient who underwent right knee TKR and is scheduled for left knee TKR.
Rural fracture care
The document discusses rural fracture care and provides examples of fractures that may be encountered. It begins with an overview of treating fractures in rural settings and driving between rural hospitals. It then covers principles of fracture management and casting. Specific fractures discussed include metacarpal fractures, scaphoid fractures, and distal radial fractures. Treatment options and criteria for referral are provided for each fracture type. Throughout, mnemonics and principles are presented to aid in learning fracture management.
Musculoskeletal assessment
The document provides an overview of the musculoskeletal system, including its anatomy, physiology, assessment, diagnostic tests, and age-related changes. Key points include:
- The skeletal and muscular systems make up the musculoskeletal system, with bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints.
- Assessment involves history, physical exam including gait, posture, range of motion, and related systems. Diagnostic tests include radiography, MRI, lab tests, and invasive procedures.
- Age-related changes consist of decreased bone density, increased prominence, kyphosis, cartilage degeneration, decreased range of motion, muscle atrophy, and slowed movement.
Craniology/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
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The document summarizes the history and activities of the AO Foundation, an organization dedicated to improving fracture treatment. It discusses:
1) The early pioneers in fracture treatment who established the AO principles of osteosynthesis in the 1950s-1960s.
2) The current activities of the AO Foundation to advance fracture treatment through education, clinical research, product approval, and global networking of surgeons.
3) How the AO Foundation has trained over 215,000 surgeons and 110,000 medical staff through extensive course offerings and fellowships around the world.
Classification of bones and Anatomy of a long bone
Bones can be classified in several ways, including by shape, location, function, and microscopic features. Long bones can be divided into four main parts: the epiphysis, physis, metaphysis, and diaphysis. The epiphysis contains pressure-bearing cartilage and bone at the end of the bone. Between the epiphysis and diaphysis is the physis or epiphyseal plate, which is responsible for longitudinal bone growth. The metaphysis is the transitional zone between the epiphysis and diaphysis. The diaphysis forms the tubular shaft in the center of the bone. Understanding bone classification and anatomy is important for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Osteoarthritis management
Dr. A. Mohan Krishna is a consultant orthopaedic surgeon based in Hyderabad, India who specializes in trauma, arthroscopy, and arthroplasty. He operates at Apollo Hospitals and maintains a private practice through his websites, where he treats patients for conditions like osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects cartilage and surrounding tissues in weight-bearing joints. As the condition progresses, cartilage breaks down and bone rubs against bone, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Dr. Krishna's treatments for osteoarthritis include medications, physiotherapy, nutraceuticals, viscosupplementation injections, steroid injections, and arthroscopic procedures to relieve pain and mechanical symptoms.
Anatomy unit 5 skeletal and muscular systems bone injury notes
The document describes 10 different types of bone injuries: comminuted fractures which break bone into 3 or more pieces; spiral fractures which result from twisting forces; depressed fractures where part of the bone is pressed inward; transverse fractures which break straight through the bone; oblique fractures which break on a diagonal; open fractures which break the skin; compression fractures which crush the bone; epiphyseal fractures where the epiphysis separates from the diaphysis; and greenstick fractures where the bone breaks incompletely on one side.
presentation at Hosp Sultanah Bahiyah
The document provides information on osteoarthritis and total knee replacement (TKR). It discusses the anatomy of the knee joint and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis results in the breakdown of articular cartilage and rubbing of bones. TKR involves replacing worn cartilage and bone with metal and plastic surfaces. Non-surgical treatments for osteoarthritis include medications, injections, exercise, and weight loss. If non-surgical treatments fail to provide relief, TKR may be recommended. The document also includes a case study of a patient who underwent right knee TKR and is scheduled for left knee TKR.
Rural fracture care
The document discusses rural fracture care and provides examples of fractures that may be encountered. It begins with an overview of treating fractures in rural settings and driving between rural hospitals. It then covers principles of fracture management and casting. Specific fractures discussed include metacarpal fractures, scaphoid fractures, and distal radial fractures. Treatment options and criteria for referral are provided for each fracture type. Throughout, mnemonics and principles are presented to aid in learning fracture management.
Musculoskeletal assessment
The document provides an overview of the musculoskeletal system, including its anatomy, physiology, assessment, diagnostic tests, and age-related changes. Key points include:
- The skeletal and muscular systems make up the musculoskeletal system, with bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints.
- Assessment involves history, physical exam including gait, posture, range of motion, and related systems. Diagnostic tests include radiography, MRI, lab tests, and invasive procedures.
- Age-related changes consist of decreased bone density, increased prominence, kyphosis, cartilage degeneration, decreased range of motion, muscle atrophy, and slowed movement.
Craniology/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The skeletal system
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Osteoarthritis and total joint replacement.ppt (1)
Osteoarthritis and Total Joint Replacement: Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment, and the Effects on Sensory Mechanisms Encountered by Osteoarthritic Total Joint Replacement Patients. This document discusses osteoarthritis, including risk factors like age and obesity, common symptoms like joint pain and stiffness, diagnostic methods like x-rays, and treatment options like physical therapy, medications, joint replacements and resurfacing. It also covers changes to sensory systems like vision and balance that can increase fall risks for osteoarthritic patients and accelerate the need for joint replacement surgery.
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Dr.A.Mohan krishna,
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Apollo Hospitals,
V Care hospitals,
Fehmi care hospital,
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Treatment of osteoarthritis of knee
The document discusses the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. It outlines various treatment options including non-surgical and surgical approaches. Non-surgical early treatment involves physiotherapy, load reduction, and analgesics. Intermediate treatment may include joint debridement and realignment osteotomy. Late stage treatment consists of arthroplasty or arthrodesis. Surgical options such as arthroscopic debridement, osteotomies, chondrocyte transplantation, and knee arthroplasty are also described in detail. The goal of treatment is to relieve pain, restore function, reduce disability, and enable rehabilitation.
Musculoskeletal System Assessment & Disorders
Red bone marrow
Found in flat bones of sternum, ribs, and ileum
Produces blood cells and hemoglobin
Yellow bone marrow
Found in shaft of long bones
Contains fat and connective tissue
Knee oa advances 1
The document discusses approaches to treating knee osteoarthritis (OA), including non-surgical and surgical options. It notes that knee OA prevalence is around 40% in those over 70 and causes limitation of movement. Treatment approaches include education, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, medications, arthroscopy, osteotomy, and knee replacement surgery. Knee replacement surgery, in particular, is highly successful and can significantly relieve pain and improve function and mobility for patients with end-stage knee OA.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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This document discusses hip injuries in athletes. It notes that hip injuries are the second most common injury in college athletes. Many are soft tissue injuries that improve with rest and treatment, but some require surgery. It describes a former basketball player, Steve, who had chronic hip pain for many years before receiving a hip replacement. The document then discusses causes of hip pain like impingement from activities like running and squatting. It introduces the concept of femoroacetabular impingement as a cause of hip injuries and labral tears. The treatment of impingement through hip arthroscopy is discussed along with the story of another athlete, Jason, who was successfully treated this way.
Survey of Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 6
Osteoporosis. On a macro level, bones become brittle and porous, decreasing bone density and thickness. On a cellular level, the rate of bone resorption by osteoclasts exceeds the rate of bone formation by osteoblasts, resulting in a net loss of bone tissue.
I would suggest this patient has osteoporosis. On a macro level, her bones have become brittle and porous, decreasing bone density and thickness, as evidenced by multiple fractures and loss of height. On a cellular level, her rate of bone resorption exceeds formation.
To treat osteoporosis, I would recommend lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, limiting caffeine and alcohol intake, and weight-bearing exercise. Medic
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This document discusses bone defects that can occur in total knee replacements. It covers the causes of bone defects including stress shielding, osteolysis, infection, and previous surgeries. It describes classifications for bone defects based on size, location, and margins. Treatment options for bone defects include cement and screws, bone grafting, metal wedges/blocks, porous metal cones/sleeves, and megaprostheses. Proper evaluation and treatment of bone defects is important for restoring stability and function in total knee replacements.
Total Knee Replacement (TKR) in advanced arthritis
Total knee replacement is a salvage procedure in orthopaedic surgery to provide a painless, mobile and stable knee joint to improve quality of life of patients suffering from afvanced painful arthritis commonly osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rarely post-traumatic arthritis. Damaged cartilages and bones are carefully removed by measured resection and the collateral ligaments are preserved and balanced for creating a equal gap both in knee flexion as well as in knee extension for restoring anatomy. the main indication for doing total knee replacement is pain relief. The overall functional outcomes in terms of functional results are good after total knee replacement. Wound infection must be prevented by strict aseptic precautions during surgery.
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The femoral shaft fracture occurs when there is a break anywhere along the body of the femur bone. High force is usually required to cause this type of fracture. Common causes include traffic accidents, falls, and gunshots. Symptoms include immediate pain, loss of sensation, deformity, inability to bear weight, bruising, and low blood pressure. Treatment often requires surgery such as intramedullary nailing, where a titanium rod is inserted into the marrow cavity to stabilize the fracture. Rehabilitation is a long process, taking up to 18 months to fully recover strength, and focuses on pain relief, physical therapy, and gradually increasing weight bearing.
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This document discusses metabolic and endocrine skeletal diseases. It describes the composition of bone tissue and the cells involved in bone production. Various disorders are characterized by abnormalities in bone density, including increased or decreased bone production, resorption, or mineralization. Common radiologic modalities for evaluation include x-ray, CT, bone scintigraphy, MRI, and ultrasound. Specific diseases mentioned include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, and others.
metabolicendocrinedisordersofskeletalsystem-180412142940.pptx
This document discusses metabolic and endocrine skeletal diseases. It covers the composition of bone tissue, production of bone, and evaluation of metabolic and endocrine disorders through radiography. Specific diseases covered include osteoporosis, rickets, scurvy, and their radiographic manifestations such as bone density changes, growth plate abnormalities, and fractures. Osteoporosis can be generalized or regionalized. Common sites of involvement are the spine, pelvis and femur.
Oasteoarthriris
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that involves the breakdown of articular cartilage and underlying bone. It most commonly affects weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips. Risk factors include age over 45, female sex, joint injuries, obesity, and hereditary factors. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of function. Diagnosis is made based on symptoms and confirmed with x-rays showing cartilage loss, bone spurs, and bone changes. Treatment focuses on pain management, physical therapy, braces, and surgery like joint replacement for severe cases.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of joint disease worldwide, typically affecting older individuals over 70 years of age. It results from mechanical and biochemical insults that exceed the joint's ability to repair itself. The disease causes the breakdown of cartilage in joints like the hips, knees, spine, hands and feet. Key pathological features include the loss of articular cartilage and sclerosis of underlying bone. Risk factors include age, genetics, obesity, previous injury and occupational factors. Symptoms include pain, stiffness and reduced mobility. Management involves symptomatic therapies like exercise, weight loss and braces as well as surgical options like joint replacement for severe cases.
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Dr.A.Mohan krishna,
M.S.Ortho., MCh Ortho(U.K),
Consultant orthopedic surgeon
Apollo Hospitals,
V Care hospitals,
Fehmi care hospital,
Apollo clinic SR nagar
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This is a short educational presentation on osteoporosis and its causes. This presentation also gives brief idea of management and prevention of osteoporosis.
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A short and descriptive presentation on total hip replacement surgery. This presentation gives brief idea about the causes of arthritis of hip and its management. This presentation also provides information on total hip replacement procedure.
Dr.A.Mohan krishna
Consultant orthopedic surgeon
Apollo hospitals,
Hyderabad
Appointments: 9247258989
9441184590
www.drmohankrishna.com
www.bonesandjointsclinic.com
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Tail bone pain / Coccydynia
This is a short patient education and awarness presentation on tail bone pain (coccydynia). This presentation delivers a brief information on causes, diagnosis, investigations and treatment of tail bone pain,
Disclaimer:
This presentation is solely for educational purpose.
Treatment of osteoarthritis of knee
The document discusses the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. It outlines various treatment options including non-surgical and surgical approaches. Non-surgical early treatment involves physiotherapy, load reduction, and analgesics. Intermediate treatment may include joint debridement and realignment osteotomy. Late stage treatment consists of arthroplasty or arthrodesis. Surgical options such as arthroscopic debridement, osteotomies, chondrocyte transplantation, and knee arthroplasty are also described in detail. The goal of treatment is to relieve pain, restore function, reduce disability, and enable rehabilitation.
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Red bone marrow
Found in flat bones of sternum, ribs, and ileum
Produces blood cells and hemoglobin
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Found in shaft of long bones
Contains fat and connective tissue
Knee oa advances 1
The document discusses approaches to treating knee osteoarthritis (OA), including non-surgical and surgical options. It notes that knee OA prevalence is around 40% in those over 70 and causes limitation of movement. Treatment approaches include education, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, medications, arthroscopy, osteotomy, and knee replacement surgery. Knee replacement surgery, in particular, is highly successful and can significantly relieve pain and improve function and mobility for patients with end-stage knee OA.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Understanding Knee Arthritis and Cartilage Disorders - Maurice M. Pine Free P...
This document provides an overview of knee arthritis and cartilage disorders presented by Dr. Christopher Inzerillo. It discusses knee anatomy, the different types of knee arthritis, symptoms, diagnosis through history, physical exam, x-rays and MRI. Treatment options discussed include non-surgical approaches like physical therapy, medications, supplements and bracing as well as surgical options like injections, arthroscopy, cartilage repair procedures, realignment surgeries, knee replacement and new techniques using robotics.
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This document discusses hip injuries in athletes. It notes that hip injuries are the second most common injury in college athletes. Many are soft tissue injuries that improve with rest and treatment, but some require surgery. It describes a former basketball player, Steve, who had chronic hip pain for many years before receiving a hip replacement. The document then discusses causes of hip pain like impingement from activities like running and squatting. It introduces the concept of femoroacetabular impingement as a cause of hip injuries and labral tears. The treatment of impingement through hip arthroscopy is discussed along with the story of another athlete, Jason, who was successfully treated this way.
Survey of Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 6
Osteoporosis. On a macro level, bones become brittle and porous, decreasing bone density and thickness. On a cellular level, the rate of bone resorption by osteoclasts exceeds the rate of bone formation by osteoblasts, resulting in a net loss of bone tissue.
I would suggest this patient has osteoporosis. On a macro level, her bones have become brittle and porous, decreasing bone density and thickness, as evidenced by multiple fractures and loss of height. On a cellular level, her rate of bone resorption exceeds formation.
To treat osteoporosis, I would recommend lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, limiting caffeine and alcohol intake, and weight-bearing exercise. Medic
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This document discusses bone defects that can occur in total knee replacements. It covers the causes of bone defects including stress shielding, osteolysis, infection, and previous surgeries. It describes classifications for bone defects based on size, location, and margins. Treatment options for bone defects include cement and screws, bone grafting, metal wedges/blocks, porous metal cones/sleeves, and megaprostheses. Proper evaluation and treatment of bone defects is important for restoring stability and function in total knee replacements.
Total Knee Replacement (TKR) in advanced arthritis
Total knee replacement is a salvage procedure in orthopaedic surgery to provide a painless, mobile and stable knee joint to improve quality of life of patients suffering from afvanced painful arthritis commonly osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rarely post-traumatic arthritis. Damaged cartilages and bones are carefully removed by measured resection and the collateral ligaments are preserved and balanced for creating a equal gap both in knee flexion as well as in knee extension for restoring anatomy. the main indication for doing total knee replacement is pain relief. The overall functional outcomes in terms of functional results are good after total knee replacement. Wound infection must be prevented by strict aseptic precautions during surgery.
How to Recover from Arthritis in physiotherapy.
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Femoral Shaft fracture
The femoral shaft fracture occurs when there is a break anywhere along the body of the femur bone. High force is usually required to cause this type of fracture. Common causes include traffic accidents, falls, and gunshots. Symptoms include immediate pain, loss of sensation, deformity, inability to bear weight, bruising, and low blood pressure. Treatment often requires surgery such as intramedullary nailing, where a titanium rod is inserted into the marrow cavity to stabilize the fracture. Rehabilitation is a long process, taking up to 18 months to fully recover strength, and focuses on pain relief, physical therapy, and gradually increasing weight bearing.
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This document discusses metabolic and endocrine skeletal diseases. It describes the composition of bone tissue and the cells involved in bone production. Various disorders are characterized by abnormalities in bone density, including increased or decreased bone production, resorption, or mineralization. Common radiologic modalities for evaluation include x-ray, CT, bone scintigraphy, MRI, and ultrasound. Specific diseases mentioned include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, and others.
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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that involves the breakdown of articular cartilage and underlying bone. It most commonly affects weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips. Risk factors include age over 45, female sex, joint injuries, obesity, and hereditary factors. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of function. Diagnosis is made based on symptoms and confirmed with x-rays showing cartilage loss, bone spurs, and bone changes. Treatment focuses on pain management, physical therapy, braces, and surgery like joint replacement for severe cases.
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This document provides an overview of femoro-acetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). It defines FAIS as impingement between the proximal femur and acetabulum leading to cartilage injury and pain. There are two main types: cam FAI, caused by a bony thickening at the femoral head-neck junction; and pincer FAI, caused by an anomaly in the acetabular structure resulting in overcoverage of the femoral head. Clinical features include groin pain, decreased range of motion, and late-stage osteoarthritis. Treatment involves both non-operative options like physical therapy as well as surgical options like arthroscopic surgery or open surgical dislocation to resect impingement lesions and repair labral
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This document provides an overview of femoro-acetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). It defines FAIS as impingement between the proximal femur and acetabulum leading to cartilage injury and pain. There are two main types: cam FAI, caused by a bony thickening at the femoral head-neck junction; and pincer FAI, caused by an anomaly in the acetabular structure. Clinical features include groin pain, decreased range of motion, and late-stage osteoarthritis. Treatment involves both non-operative options like physical therapy as well as surgical options like arthroscopic surgery to resect impingement lesions and repair labral tears.
Resective osseous surgery
1. Osseous surgery involves modifying the alveolar bone support of teeth and includes techniques like osteoplasty and ostectomy. It aims to eliminate pockets and correct unphysiological bone architecture.
2. Factors in selecting a technique include the amount and location of bone loss, root trunk length, and anatomical limitations. Techniques range from non-resective procedures like osteoplasty to resective procedures like ostectomy.
3. Outcomes of osseous surgery generally include pocket elimination and establishment of physiological bone contours and architecture, though some bone loss from remodeling is expected in the range of 0.06mm to 1.2mm.
fractures-and-dislocations.medicinaesaudepdf
This document provides an overview of fractures and dislocations for orthopaedic surgeons in training. It describes the importance of clear communication and understanding prognostic indicators when treating fractures. Key details to document include the bone involved, location on the bone, fracture type, characteristics like displacement or angulation, and any complications. Special fractures like stress fractures or Salter-Harris fractures in children are also covered. Dislocations are defined and complications discussed. Case presentations are provided as examples of fractures and dislocations that may require urgent treatment.
General Osteology by Dr. Rahul Singh Thakur
The document provides an overview of general osteology. It discusses that the skeleton is composed of around 206 bones and is divided into the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton contains 80 bones including those of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. The appendicular skeleton contains 126 bones including the shoulder girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs. Bone has several functions like providing a rigid framework, serving as levers for muscles, protecting organs, storing minerals, and containing marrow. Bones are classified based on their shape, development, region, and microstructure.
Limb deformity
This document discusses the evaluation and treatment of limb deformities. It defines deformities as abnormalities in length, angulation, rotation or translation from the normal anatomical position. Deformities are evaluated clinically and radiographically, including x-rays to assess the mechanical and anatomical axes. Treatment depends on the type of deformity and involves osteotomies like wedge or dome osteotomies to realign the bones, followed by fixation for healing. Length deformities may use distraction or compression methods, while angulation, rotation and translation deformities require osteotomies and realignment followed by stabilization.
Management of tibial plateau fracture
1) Tibial plateau fractures account for 1.2% of all fractures and have a bimodal distribution, affecting young adults through high-energy trauma and the elderly through low-energy mechanisms.
2) Surgical treatment aims to decompress soft tissues, reconstruct the joint surface and maintain the mechanical axis through anatomical reduction and rigid fixation.
3) Postoperative rehabilitation focuses on early range of motion exercises and weight bearing to regain function, while avoiding complications like infection, nonunion, and post-traumatic osteoarthritis.
osteoarthritisknee-170221145316.pptx
This document provides an overview of osteoarthritis of the knee. It defines osteoarthritis as a degenerative joint condition characterized by cartilage breakdown and new bone formation. Risk factors include age, obesity, previous injury, and activities with high joint impact. Diagnosis involves clinical exams finding pain, stiffness, and crepitus as well as x-rays showing bone spurs and joint space narrowing. Treatment includes weight loss, exercises, braces, medications, injections, and possibly surgery such as knee replacement for severe cases.
Similar to Arthritis, mcphee lecture (20)
Metabolic & endocrine disorders of skeletal system
Metabolic & endocrine disorders of skeletal system
metabolicendocrinedisordersofskeletalsystem-180412142940.pptx
metabolicendocrinedisordersofskeletalsystem-180412142940.pptx
Arthritis, mcphee lecture
- 1. Arthritis
- 3. Types of joints? • 1. Symphysis: little movement, fibrocartilaginous material • 2. Synovial: Mechanical joint w/ fluid filled space • Hinge (1 axis, 1 plane of movement) eg PIP • Rotating hinge (2 axis) knee • Condyloid (2 axes, 2 planes) wrist • Ball and socket (3 axes, 3 movement planes) hip
- 4. Joint stability due to 3 things
- 5. Joint stability due to 3 things • 1. Shape of joint • 2. Ligaments • 3. Muscles
- 6. Zones of articular cartilage?
- 7. Zones of articular cartilage? • 1. Tangential zone (chondroblasts) • 2. Transitional zone • 3. Radial zone • 4. Calcified zone
- 8. OA • Q. Risk factors for OA
- 9. OA • Q. Risk factors for OA • A. • 1. Genetics • 2. Age • 3. Hormonal • 4. Mechanical • 5. Trauma
- 10. OA • Q. Macroscopic changes in OA?
- 11. OA • Q. Macroscopic changes in OA? • A. Degradation of articular cartilage and narrowing of joint space
- 12. OA • Q. Clinical features of OA
- 13. OA • Q. Clinical features of OA • A. • 1. deformity (varus/valgus, bouchard n. heberden’s n.) • 2. pain / joint line tenderness • 3. effusion / swelling • 4. limited movement (fixed flexion) • 5. instability • 6. crepitus
- 14. OA • Q. Radiological findings? •
- 15. OA • Q. Radiological findings? • A. • 1. Loss of joint space • 2. Irregular subchondral sclerosis • 3. Marginal osteophytes • 4. Subchondral cysts
- 16. OA • Q. Surgical treatment options?
- 17. OA • Q. Surgical treatment options? • 1. Debridement • 2. Osteotomy (realign joint to alter weight bearing stresses) • 3. Arthrodesis (fusion of joint) • 4. Arthroplasty (replace joint)
- 18. RA • Q. Definition?
- 19. RA • Q. Definition? • A symmetrical polyarthritis leading to destruction and deformity of joints through the erosion of cartilage and bone