ARS sponsored a class intended to help us to understand Islam. The teachers were Dan Conder and Dr. John Oakes. The class was 5/4/2013 in Gardena, CA. See below for class outline and more information.
Notes to accompany MORMONISM (The Churchof Jesus Christof the Latter Day Saints)
Founder: Joseph Smith (1805 – 1844)
HISTORY:
Joseph Smith
Born in Vermont, 1805, raised in rural New YorkState...
Notes to accompany ISLAM (literally, submit the will in Arabic)
Founder: Muhammad. About 570 ? 632 AD, in Mecca, in modern Saudi Arabia.
Roughly 1 billion Muslims in the world.
Location: Northern Africa, almost the entire Middle East, Pakistan Afghanistan,
Bangaladesh, India, Albania, Indonesia and the Phillipines, with scatterings elsewhere...
Jesus and Christian Apologetics. A class taught by John Oakes PhD 9/26/09, on question, Who is Jesus Christ and evidence that the real Jesus is the Jesus of the gospels. See the notes below and the attached Power Point.
Michael Burns gave a presentation on The Resurrection World View at the 2015 ICEC at York College in York, Nebraska June 19 and 20, 2015. The class included a historical analysis of the concept of resurrection, an in-depth analysis of the evidence for the resurrection, but also emphasized the implications, both personally and for the entire human condition which comes with the resurrection of Jesus. The power point is attached. The audio for this and for all the classes from the 2015 ICEC will be available within a week at www.ipibooks.com
Outline for From Shadow to Reality
OT Theme: The Messiah is coming
NT Theme: The Messiah is here
Jesus is priest, prophet and king. Jesus brings together the entire OT.
Jesus says: Everything must be fulfilled that was written about me Luke 24:44
These are the scriptures that testify about me. Jn 6:39,40 I am the fulfillment of the OT...
Notes to accompany: JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES
Background and History.
Founded by Charles Russel
Russel was influenced by the Adventist movement (let to the 7th DayAdventistChurch)
The Adventist/Millerite movement began in the 1830?s
William Miller used Daniel 8:14and Daniel 9:25(a very odd connection) to calculate
that the millennial reign would come in October, 1844...
Notes to accompany HOW WE GOT THE BIBLE
Many have claimed that the Old Testament contains a number of myths and legends which were created by Jewish writers in the two or three centuries before the time of Christ or soon thereafter. Others would claim that most of the New Testament was written well into the late second century AD by Christian apologists who were creating a Jesus very different from the historical person. They would claim that the gospels are not an eye-witness account at all. Another common claim is that the original writings of the apostles were radically edited by the Catholic Church in the period after the conversion of the Roman Empire, to reflect Catholic doctrine. These people would claim that the doctrines found in the New Testament are very different from the original teachings of Jesus Christ. Still others will claim
that there were additional gospels written by the apostles which were excluded by leaders in the early church because of their bias against certain teachings...
Dr John Oakes taught a class titled Living By Faith in Las Vegas 9/9/2012. It is an exposition on Hebrews 11, with the theme that faith is belief in things unseen.
Notes to accompany MORMONISM (The Churchof Jesus Christof the Latter Day Saints)
Founder: Joseph Smith (1805 – 1844)
HISTORY:
Joseph Smith
Born in Vermont, 1805, raised in rural New YorkState...
Notes to accompany ISLAM (literally, submit the will in Arabic)
Founder: Muhammad. About 570 ? 632 AD, in Mecca, in modern Saudi Arabia.
Roughly 1 billion Muslims in the world.
Location: Northern Africa, almost the entire Middle East, Pakistan Afghanistan,
Bangaladesh, India, Albania, Indonesia and the Phillipines, with scatterings elsewhere...
Jesus and Christian Apologetics. A class taught by John Oakes PhD 9/26/09, on question, Who is Jesus Christ and evidence that the real Jesus is the Jesus of the gospels. See the notes below and the attached Power Point.
Michael Burns gave a presentation on The Resurrection World View at the 2015 ICEC at York College in York, Nebraska June 19 and 20, 2015. The class included a historical analysis of the concept of resurrection, an in-depth analysis of the evidence for the resurrection, but also emphasized the implications, both personally and for the entire human condition which comes with the resurrection of Jesus. The power point is attached. The audio for this and for all the classes from the 2015 ICEC will be available within a week at www.ipibooks.com
Outline for From Shadow to Reality
OT Theme: The Messiah is coming
NT Theme: The Messiah is here
Jesus is priest, prophet and king. Jesus brings together the entire OT.
Jesus says: Everything must be fulfilled that was written about me Luke 24:44
These are the scriptures that testify about me. Jn 6:39,40 I am the fulfillment of the OT...
Notes to accompany: JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES
Background and History.
Founded by Charles Russel
Russel was influenced by the Adventist movement (let to the 7th DayAdventistChurch)
The Adventist/Millerite movement began in the 1830?s
William Miller used Daniel 8:14and Daniel 9:25(a very odd connection) to calculate
that the millennial reign would come in October, 1844...
Notes to accompany HOW WE GOT THE BIBLE
Many have claimed that the Old Testament contains a number of myths and legends which were created by Jewish writers in the two or three centuries before the time of Christ or soon thereafter. Others would claim that most of the New Testament was written well into the late second century AD by Christian apologists who were creating a Jesus very different from the historical person. They would claim that the gospels are not an eye-witness account at all. Another common claim is that the original writings of the apostles were radically edited by the Catholic Church in the period after the conversion of the Roman Empire, to reflect Catholic doctrine. These people would claim that the doctrines found in the New Testament are very different from the original teachings of Jesus Christ. Still others will claim
that there were additional gospels written by the apostles which were excluded by leaders in the early church because of their bias against certain teachings...
Dr John Oakes taught a class titled Living By Faith in Las Vegas 9/9/2012. It is an exposition on Hebrews 11, with the theme that faith is belief in things unseen.
The attached power point is for a lesson given by Dr. Douglas Jacoby at the 2012 ICEC at UCLA October 20, 2012. Doug taught about the biblical doctrine of heaven, Hades and hell. He also presented a number of the important views on this subject in Judaism and in the early church, as well as reflecting on some of the views held today on this important topic.
Dr. John Oakes is teaching a class on the evidence which supports belief in the biblical Jesus at the Mission Center of Hope in San Diego Saturdays 9:00-10:30. Your are invited to attend, but the power point, outline and audios will be posted here.
Robert Carrillo and Dr. John Oakes taught a six week class on the writings of John. The class was on Saturdays 10/6,13,27, 11/4,11 and 1/26/2013 at the Mission Center of Hope 6162 Mission Gorge Rd., San Diego, CA 92120. For more information, contact Jan Oakes at joakes01@san.rr.com or 858-505-8841. Schedule and recommended reading below. Recordings are now in the EFC store.
Dr. John Oakes is taught a class on Answering the Hard Questions at the 2015 International Christan Evidence Conference at York College in York, Nebraska, June 19-21. He gave a brief overview of the Christian world view before launching into the Christian answer to the questions both believers and non-believers often struggle with, such as the Trinity, the problem of evil, the problem of suffering, the problem of violence in the Old Testament and the problem of Hell. Notes and power point are here:
This lesson was taught by John Oakes, PhD in Bergen, Norway 9/2/2010. Norway is a mainly atheist or agnostic country where traditional Christian apologetics may not work. The lesson uses Acts as a model for how to do Christian apologetics depending on the culture.
An outline of the class can be seen by clicking on the link below, or click on the power point icon to see the power point presentation. by John M. Oakes, PhD
Power Point: Apologetics Without Apologies (March, 2005, San Antonio)evidenceforchristianity
Notes to accompany Apologetics Without Apologies
Apologetics: Explaining and defending the reasons for belief in God and in
the Bible.
Jonathan Swift: ??It is impossible to reason a person out of a thing which they were
not reasoned into in the first place.??
Epistemology: How do we know.
William of Ockham:
Nothing is assumed as evident unless it is known per se, is evident by experience,
or is proved by authority of scripture.
The attached Power Point and notes are for a class taught April and May, 2011 by Dr. John Oakes and Robert Carrillo in San Diego, CA. The audio is also available in the EFC store.
Dr. John Oakes gave a talk titled Evidence for Jesus at the Jesus Conference in San Diego, California March, 21, 2015. The class covers the claims of Jesus and reasonable response to those claims, as well as messianic prophecies.
Apologetics Class: Biblical Reliability, Inspiration and Inerrancy The class has now been taught by Dr. John Oakes, Dan Conder and Brian Colon. Notes and Power Point are attached.
Dr. John Oakes taught a class on apocalyptic literature, including the Book of Revelation on six consecutive Saturdays beginning September 28 at the Mission Center of Hope in San Diego. The audio of this lesson is now available in the web site store. Go to the front page and click on EFC Store in the upper right hand corner of the page. It will also be made available in MP3 format at www.ipibooks.com.
Recently, when requested for notes about prophecies of the Messiah, we discovered that, for some reason, this power point and notes are not posted at the site! I apologize for the oversight. Here are notes and a power point by Dr. John Oakes on this very important topic.
Inspiration and Inerrancy: A Power Point on How We Got the Bible, on supposed Bible contradictions and errors and on the Apocrypha. By John Oakes, first given in Manila 1/16/2010.
Dr. John Oakes taught a six-week class on World Religions on six consecutive Saturdays beginning on 2/23 9:00-11:00. See below for suggested reading and schedule.
The attached power point is for a lesson given by Dr. Douglas Jacoby at the 2012 ICEC at UCLA October 20, 2012. Doug taught about the biblical doctrine of heaven, Hades and hell. He also presented a number of the important views on this subject in Judaism and in the early church, as well as reflecting on some of the views held today on this important topic.
Dr. John Oakes is teaching a class on the evidence which supports belief in the biblical Jesus at the Mission Center of Hope in San Diego Saturdays 9:00-10:30. Your are invited to attend, but the power point, outline and audios will be posted here.
Robert Carrillo and Dr. John Oakes taught a six week class on the writings of John. The class was on Saturdays 10/6,13,27, 11/4,11 and 1/26/2013 at the Mission Center of Hope 6162 Mission Gorge Rd., San Diego, CA 92120. For more information, contact Jan Oakes at joakes01@san.rr.com or 858-505-8841. Schedule and recommended reading below. Recordings are now in the EFC store.
Dr. John Oakes is taught a class on Answering the Hard Questions at the 2015 International Christan Evidence Conference at York College in York, Nebraska, June 19-21. He gave a brief overview of the Christian world view before launching into the Christian answer to the questions both believers and non-believers often struggle with, such as the Trinity, the problem of evil, the problem of suffering, the problem of violence in the Old Testament and the problem of Hell. Notes and power point are here:
This lesson was taught by John Oakes, PhD in Bergen, Norway 9/2/2010. Norway is a mainly atheist or agnostic country where traditional Christian apologetics may not work. The lesson uses Acts as a model for how to do Christian apologetics depending on the culture.
An outline of the class can be seen by clicking on the link below, or click on the power point icon to see the power point presentation. by John M. Oakes, PhD
Power Point: Apologetics Without Apologies (March, 2005, San Antonio)evidenceforchristianity
Notes to accompany Apologetics Without Apologies
Apologetics: Explaining and defending the reasons for belief in God and in
the Bible.
Jonathan Swift: ??It is impossible to reason a person out of a thing which they were
not reasoned into in the first place.??
Epistemology: How do we know.
William of Ockham:
Nothing is assumed as evident unless it is known per se, is evident by experience,
or is proved by authority of scripture.
The attached Power Point and notes are for a class taught April and May, 2011 by Dr. John Oakes and Robert Carrillo in San Diego, CA. The audio is also available in the EFC store.
Dr. John Oakes gave a talk titled Evidence for Jesus at the Jesus Conference in San Diego, California March, 21, 2015. The class covers the claims of Jesus and reasonable response to those claims, as well as messianic prophecies.
Apologetics Class: Biblical Reliability, Inspiration and Inerrancy The class has now been taught by Dr. John Oakes, Dan Conder and Brian Colon. Notes and Power Point are attached.
Dr. John Oakes taught a class on apocalyptic literature, including the Book of Revelation on six consecutive Saturdays beginning September 28 at the Mission Center of Hope in San Diego. The audio of this lesson is now available in the web site store. Go to the front page and click on EFC Store in the upper right hand corner of the page. It will also be made available in MP3 format at www.ipibooks.com.
Recently, when requested for notes about prophecies of the Messiah, we discovered that, for some reason, this power point and notes are not posted at the site! I apologize for the oversight. Here are notes and a power point by Dr. John Oakes on this very important topic.
Inspiration and Inerrancy: A Power Point on How We Got the Bible, on supposed Bible contradictions and errors and on the Apocrypha. By John Oakes, first given in Manila 1/16/2010.
Dr. John Oakes taught a six-week class on World Religions on six consecutive Saturdays beginning on 2/23 9:00-11:00. See below for suggested reading and schedule.
Seventh Day Adventism: A power point on the history and teachings of the Seventh Day Adventist Church. See notes below. Taught by John Oakes in Jakarta 1/07/2010.
Dr. John Oakes did a presentation at Kings College, London 6/12/14 on evidence that Jesus is who the Bible says he is. This is not brand new material, but it is the first time this combination of material about who Jesus is, about his miracles and his fulfillment of prophecy in one class, so I though I would post it.
Notas para
Mormonismo / LA IGLESIA DE JESUCRISTO DE LOS SANTOS DE LOS ULTIMOS DIAS
? Fundador: Jos? Smith (1805-1844)
HISTORIA:
? Jos? Smith. Nacido en Vermont, 1805, criado en el ?rea rural de Nueva
York.
? No fu? conocido por haber tenido un trabajo regular.
? Se volvi? estafador de la gente. Era un charlat?n religioso.
? Adivinando, cazador de tesoros...
Dr. John Oakes taught a class on Presuppositional Apologetics at the 2015 International Christan Evidence Conference at York College in York, Nebraska, June 19-21. He gave a brief overview of the types of apologetics, followed by an analysis of the strong and weak points of presuppositional apologetics, followed by a discussion of world view apologetics. Here are the notes and power point for the class.
Dr. Robert Kurka gave a class at the 2015 ICEC designed to help us gain perspective on how to deal with a world in which there is a plurality of religions. He argues that we should strongly approach the philosophy of religious pluralism (no religion has absolute truth) but that we should not be overly discouraged to live in a society in which many religions exist. This has been normal in much of Christian history and we should think of it as an opportunity, not a disaster. How, then, should we behave in a world in which we cannot assume that the Christian Worldview is not the predominant one? We should be respectful, find common ground, and present with boldness the distinctiveness and advantage of the Christian explanation. The audio will be available in about a week at www.ipibooks.com. I am attaching the power point for the presentation.
This lesson was given by Dr. John Oakes for the Iglesia de Cristo de Tijuana April 20, 2012. Translation is by Mauricio Garcia. The class is about hte reasons that the early church, starting with a small group of poor, uneducated people without power were able to conquer the entire Roman and Greek world.
Introduction to World Religions: Judaism.
Click on the link below for a Power Point presentation by R. D. Baker (Phoenix,
AZ) and Ryan Cartwright (Edmonton, Alberta). This is a general introduction
to a course on world religions, followed by the body of the class, which is
on the background of Judaism.
Christian and Other World Views: A Power Point. A lesson on world views, including the Christian world view, and the world views of naturalism, postmodernism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jaina, Sikkhism, Confucianism and Islam. First taught by John Oakes in Manila 1/16/2010.
Dr. John Oakes taught on Calvinism–its history, basic theology and reasons to reject its basic tenets–in Manila Jan 23, 2016. The notes and power point are included.
http://evidenceforchristianity.org/answering-calvinism/
Brian Colon and Dr. John Oakes taught a six hour class on the reliability of the Bible on Saturday Sept. 14, 2013 at the Orange County Church of Christ, Irvine, CA. The class covered the manuscript and other evidence for the reliability of both the Old and the New Testaments. The power point on the Reliability of the Old Testament for the class is here:
Dr. John Oakes did a sermon on God and Science recently in San Diego. There were multiple requests that the audio be made available. The class was not recorded, but we are posting a nearly identical class taught in London, England in June, 2014.
Notes to Accompany "A History of Science and Christianity"
The ancient world: Chaos vs Cosmos
1. Thales (585 BC) Predicted a Solar Eclipse: Nature is predictable. Cosmos
and the human mind.
Melvin Calvin (atheist expert on the chemical origin of life): ?The fundamental conviction
that the universe is ordered [cosmos] is the first and strongest tenet [of scientists].
As I try to discern the origin of that conviction, I seem to find it in a
basic notion discovered 2000 or 3000 years ago, and enunciated first in the
Western world by the ancient Hebrews: namely that the universe is governed by
a single God, and is not the product of the whims of many gods, each governing
his own province, according to his own laws. This monotheistic view seems to be
the historical foundation of modern science.?...
Notes to accompany "Reflections on the Passion of the Christ."
Many have been shocked by the movie, The Passion of the Christ.
Not the kind of movie to see many times. Not bringing in popcorn.
Rev 13:8 In God?s eyes, Jesus is a ?lamb, slain from the creation of the world.?
God had this in mind all along.
We should have know it was coming...
Notes to accompany Daniel Power Point Presentation
Background to Daniel:
Theme: God Rules the Nations, Do Not Fear!
Main messages:
1. How to stay pure and uncorrupted?to maintain your integrity in a world
in which you are surrounded by unbelievers.
2. God is in control. He will protect his people. Do not fear. God will deal
with those who persecute or otherwise oppose your service for him...
Notas para Daniel, Profeta a Las Naciones abajo
Destinatarios principales de la carta: los jud?os que sufr?an durante la persecuci?n
de Ant?oco Ep?fanes. Hay que notar que este es un paralelo cercano a Apocalipsis,
cuyos destinatarios principales eran los disc?pulos que sufr?an bajo la intensa
persecuci?n del Imperio Romano durante los primeros dos siglos...
PROFECIAS MESIANICAS
Prop?sito: ayudar a aquellos que son esc?pticos o les falta suficiente fe a
moverlos m?s all? de alg?n punto en su estudio b?blico.
Juan 5:39,40 Pregunta: ?qu? es lo que Jes?s est? afirmando aqu??. Que el AT escrito
cientos de a?os antes de que naciera hablaba de ?l. Imagina las implicaciones
de lo que afirmaba.
Lucas 24:44 Jes?s est? afirmando que en ?l se han cumplido todas las profes?as
del Mes?as...
NOTES FOR FULL DANIEL CLASS
Background to Daniel:
Theme: God Rules the Nations, Do Not Fear!
Main messages:
1. How to stay pure and uncorrupted-to maintain your integrity in a world
in which you are surrounded by unbelievers.
2. God is in control. He will protect his people. Do not fear. God will deal
with those who persecute or otherwise oppose your service for him.
Principle Audience:
Jews who suffered under the persecutions of Antiochus Epiphanes (167-164 BC)
Things that make Daniel unique...
De La Sombra a la Realidad
Tema del AT: el Mesías viene.
Tema del NT: el Mesías está aquí.
Jesús es sacerdote, profeta y rey. Jesús junta consigo todo el AT.
Jesús dice: "Que había de cumplirse todo lo que está escrito de mí". Lc 24:44.
Estas son las escrituras que testifican sobre mí. Juan 6:39-40. Yo soy el cumplimiento del AT.
I. Prefiguras históricas. 2 P 2:4-8. Dios nos enseña. 1 Co 10:11. Ro 15:4...
Stone/Campbell Movement: Reformation or Restoration? (Church History)evidenceforchristianity
The Stone/Campbell Movement: Reformation or Restoration?
Background: The religious atmosphere in the early 19th century on the Western
Frontier:
1. Puritans. British Dissenters. Strongly Calvinistic. Independent church structure.
The Great Awakening: Jonathan Edwards 1740?s, 50?s, ?Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.?
A revivalist.
(The Puritans became the Congregational
Church)
2. Methodists. John Wesley (1703-1791) (and George Whitefield) Sought to reform Anglicanism. Ho
liness/Pietism movement Arminian theology. Emphasis on conversion, personal relationship with
God. Led to the idea of adult confirmation...
What Should be the Christian View of Anime?Joe Muraguri
We will learn what Anime is and see what a Christian should consider before watching anime movies? We will also learn a little bit of Shintoism religion and hentai (the craze of internet pornography today).
The Good News, newsletter for June 2024 is hereNoHo FUMC
Our monthly newsletter is available to read online. We hope you will join us each Sunday in person for our worship service. Make sure to subscribe and follow us on YouTube and social media.
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian exile.
Homily: The Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity Sunday 2024.docxJames Knipper
Countless volumes have been written trying to explain the mystery of three persons in one true God, leaving us to resort to metaphors such as the three-leaf clover to try to comprehend the Divinity. Many of us grew up with the quintessential pyramidal Trinity structure of God at the top and Son and Spirit in opposite corners. But what if we looked at this ‘mystery’ from a different perspective? What if we shifted our language of God as a being towards the concept of God as love? What if we focused more on the relationship within the Trinity versus the persons of the Trinity? What if stopped looking at God as a noun…and instead considered God as a verb? Check it out…
The Chakra System in our body - A Portal to Interdimensional Consciousness.pptxBharat Technology
each chakra is studied in greater detail, several steps have been included to
strengthen your personal intention to open each chakra more fully. These are designed
to draw forth the highest benefit for your spiritual growth.
The PBHP DYC ~ Reflections on The Dhamma (English).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma Reflections for the PBHP DYC for the years 1993 – 2012. To motivate and inspire DYC members to keep on practicing the Dhamma and to do the meritorious deed of Dhammaduta work.
The texts are in English.
For the Video with audio narration, comments and texts in English, please check out the Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF2g_43NEa0
In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
Lesson 9 - Resisting Temptation Along the Way.pptxCelso Napoleon
Lesson 9 - Resisting Temptation Along the Way
SBs – Sunday Bible School
Adult Bible Lessons 2nd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: THE CAREER THAT IS PROPOSED TO US: The Path of Salvation, Holiness and Perseverance to Reach Heaven
Commentator: Pastor Osiel Gomes
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace
2. Apologetics and Islam
Outline
Positive Apologetics of Islam and the Qur’an
Islamic Criticism of the Old and New Testaments
Apologetic Issues in Islam and the Qur’an
3. Positive Apologetics and the Qur’an
No internally fulfilled prophecies, no
miracles, no historical verification, so……
4. I. Positive Apologetics of Islam and the Qur’an
• In a recent debate, Shabir Ally made these points:
• 1. The word yom in the Arabic text of the Qur’an 365
times is evidence of inspiration.
– 360 days in the Arab year
• 2. The use of the number 19 is evidence of inspiration.
– Sura 74:30 19 angels
– Sura 1:1 19 letters
– 114 Suras 19 x 6
– Sura 96 19th from the last has 19 verses and 209 letter (19 x 11)
5. Purported Prophecies (I)
Deut 18:15-18
15The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me
from among your own brothers. You must listen to him. 16For
this is what you asked of the Lord your God at Horeb on the
day of the assembly when you said, "Let us not hear the
voice of the Lord our God nor see this great fire anymore, or
we will die.“ 17The Lord said to me: "What they say is good.
18 I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among
their brothers; I will put my words in his mouth, and he will
tell them everything I command him.
6. Purported Prophecies (II)
Deut 18:15-18—“From among their brothers”
Cf. Deut 17:15 (brother foreigner)
Deut 34:10—“Since then no prophet has risen in
Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to
face, who did all those miraculous signs and
wonders the Lord sent him to do in Egypt”
Like Moses = miraculous signs and wonders, which
Mohammed never did, but Jesus clearly did.
7. Purported Prophecies (III)
Deut 33:1-2This is the blessing that Moses the man of God
pronounced on the Israelites before his death. 2 He said:
“The LORD came from Sinai
and dawned over them from Seir;
he shone forth from Mount Paran.
He came with myriads of holy ones
from the south, from his mountain slopes.”
Muslims claim: Sinai = Moses
Seir = Jesus
Paran = Mohammed
Paran is nowhere near Mecca (Hab 3:3)
8. Purported Prophecies (IV)
Isa 21:7 ”when he sees…riders on donkeys or riders
on camels, let him be fully alert”
Muslim claim: riders on donkeys = Jesus, riders
on camels = Mohammed. Context: fall of Babylon!
Jn 14:16—parakletos periclytos (praised one)—
without any MS supp. Moreover, 14:26 shows the
helper is the Spirit. Jn 16—The helper to abide
forever. (M is dead.) 14:26—Helper to be sent in
Jesus’ name; but no Muslim would allow this!
Besides, Acts 1:5—helper to come in not many
days – not in the 7th century!
9. More Positive Evidence
The Qur’an is perfect, beautiful and pure Arabic, despite
the fact that Muhammad was illiterate.
1. We can concede that the poetry is pretty good.
2. Muhammad was illiterate?
3. Pure Arabic? Sura 12:1-2, Sura 13:37, Sura 16:103
4. Hundreds of non-Arabic words in the Qur’an.
5. Much of the writing is virtually impenetrable.
10. Other arguments
“Changed lives” Not completely without validity.
obviously, if someone believes fervently enough…
“Rapid spread!”—slow at first, picking up only when
Mohammed “picked up” the sword.
“So many converts!”—promise of paradise, alternative of
slavery, taxes, death
11. II. Islamic Criticisms of the Bible and Christianity
• The most common apologetic of Islam is not to support
Islam or the Qur’an, but to undermine Christianity
and the Bible.
• Islam has a huge problem. The Qur’an makes it clear
that the Old and New Testaments are from Allah, but if
the Bible is true then Muhammad is a liar.
• Note: the claim of corruption comes hundreds of years
after the time of Muhammad.
13. • Early Period in Mecca. Muhammad sees
himself as following tradition of Judaism.
Muslims pray toward Jerusalem.
• Early Medina period. Mohammad begins
to be politically powerful. The idea of Jihad
introduced.
• Later Medina and Meccan period.
Muhammad strongly opposed to Jews and
Christianity. Islam definitely a distinct
religion.
14. Quranic view of biblical inspiration
• Follow the Injil sura 5:47
( euvaggelion )
• Follow the O.T. 6:92, 37:117, 40:53
• “Qur’an unchanged” MS Discoveries...
“The people of the Injil shall rule in accordance with
Allah’s revelations therein. Anyone who does not
rule in accordance with Allah’s revelations -- these
are the wicked!”
15. Quranic view of biblical inspiration
Inconsistency: Use OT and NT to refute
Christians. Why, if the scriptures are
“corrupt”?
16. A Question: When was the Old Testament
Corrupted?
Dead Sea Scrolls + Muhammad says to obey the Torah
• “the people of the book” (ie Jews) are told to follow the
Old Testament teachings. Sura 6:91-92 says that Allah
sent the Book of Moses “And this is the book which we
sent down”
•
17. Old Testament Corrupt?
• Sura 3:83 We believe in Allah and that which is
revealed to us, and that which was revealed to Abraham
and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and that
which was given to Moses and Jesus and the prophets from
their Lord; we make no distinction between any of them,
and to Him we submit.
Sura 29:46 And dispute ye not with the people of the book
but say: We believe in the revelation which has come down
to us and that which came down to you.
So….. When was it corrupted? Manuscript evidence?
18. New Testament Corrupt?
Sura 4:157 And for their saying: We have killed the Messiah,
Jesus, son of Mary, the messenger of Allah, and they killed him
not, nor did they cause his death on the cross, but he was made to
appear to them as such.
Question: When was the New Testament (injil) corrupted?
John 1:1 If Jesus is not God, when was John 1:1-18 corrupted?
Rylands Papyrus, Washington Manuscript, Codex Alexandrinus
There is NO ANSWER to this question.
19. What About the Qur’an?
Uthman burned all competing manuscripts about AD 650
Ibn Masud Codex (Kufa) 150 variants in Sura 2 alone
Sana’a Manuscript about AD 710 missing suras
Irony and circular reasoning.
Muslims avoid all study of Qur’an manuscripts and
history. What are they afraid of?
20. Christians:
Original autographs are perfect and inspired.
Copiers and human and not inspired.
Muslims:
Original autographs are perfect and inspired.
Copiers are inspired and all copies are perfect.
Which view holds up to the evidence?
:
21. More Muslim Criticisms of Christianity
Christianity is tritheism
Only Allah is eternal (but the Qur’an is eternal)
Unjust for Jesus to die for someone else’s sins
Qur’an includes the idea of substitutionary sacrifice
Both of these criticisms are based on human logic,
The Bible descriptions of Abraham, David, Samson is
disrespectful and inaccurate
Which is more likely to be accurate, an whitewashed account
2000 years after the event, or an embarrassing account 2000 years earlier?
22. III. Apologetic Issues in Islam and the Qur’an
A. World View Issues
B. Historical Errors
C. Scientific Errors
D. Satanic Verses and Abrogation
23. World View Issues: Is Islam a Better Religion?
Islam and women
Works salvation
Predestination
Fate: Problem of Pain and Suffering
Islam: God unapproachable.
24. Qur’an and women
“Men have authority over women because
Allah has made the one superior to the
other, and because they spend their wealth
to support them. Good women are
obedient… If they are rebellious, rebuke
them, beat them, and send them to bed.”
-- 4:34
25. Qur’an and wives
“Marry women of your choice, two,
three, or four.”
-- 4:3
Sexual relations with captive female
slaves is acceptable
23:5,6 70:30
26. Islam on Sin
“Surely good deeds take away evil deeds” (11:114).
Kabira (big sins)—murder, adultery, drunkenness, disobeying
parents, neglecting Ramadan or Friday prayers, gambling,
dancing, shaving the beard, forgetting the Koran after
reading it, usury… Forgiveness with repentance.
Saghira (little sins)—deceit, anger, lust. Forgiveness if greater
sins are avoided and good deeds are performed.
Shirk—association (of other gods with Allah). No forgiveness.
27. Qur’an and paradise
“The true servants of Allah will be well provided for,
feasting on fruit and honored in gardens of delight.
Reclining face to face upon soft couches, they shall be
served with a goblet filled at a gushing fountain…
delicious to those who drink it. They shall sit with
bashful, dark-eyed virgins, chaste as the sheltered eggs
of ostriches.”
-- 37:40-49. See also 78:32ff.
28. Salvation by own effort
(40:9, 39:61, 7:43)
Charity atones for sins
(2:271,277)
• Earn grace.
• Earn favor of Allah.
• Earn salvation.
• Earn paradise.
29. Islam: Salvation is earned through the
efforts of those who were pre-selected by
Allah to inhabit a very sensual paradise.
Christianity: Salvation is granted by
the grace of a loving God to those who,
through faith and repentance and
baptism accept that love.
31. Predestination
In Islam, Allah determines everything, even
who will choose to follow him.
2:142, 6:39 6:125
Islam and suffering: Inshallah
Christianity and suffering: Compassion
.
32. Historical errors in the Qur’an
• Ishmael = Isaac 37:102
• 2 trees in Eden = 1 tree 20:120
• Noah’s 4th son drowns 11:43
• Zechariah silent 3 days (not 9 months) 3:41
• Pharaoh’s magicians repent 20:70
• Judges 7 / 1 Sam 17 conflated 2:249
• Jesus’ childhood miracles 3:46, 3:49, 5:110
33. Islamic Cosmology
• The cosmology of Islam is
not unlike that of the
Bible, except that it takes
incorrect popular ideas
more literally.
• The main difference is
that the Qur’an is not
inspired, so the
statements contained in
the Muslim scripture has
rather obvious scientific
problems.
34. Scientific errors in Qur’an (I)
23:14—Creation from the clot of blood
“Then we made the sperm into a clot of
congealed blood; then from that clot we
made a lump; and we made out of that lump
bones and clothed the bones with flesh.”
36:4 Man deposits child into the mother
18:86—Traveling west…
“… till, when he reached the setting-place of
the sun, he found it setting in a muddy
spring.”
35. Scientific errors in Qur’an (II)
21:32-33—Sun and stars orbit the earth
12:4—11 planets? (probably not…)
34:9, 52:44—Piece of sky falls and kills
someone
36. Theory of Abrogation
Sura 6:34 “no one can alter Allah’s promises”
Sura 6:115 “No one can change His words”
Sura 10:64 “There is no changing the promises of Allah”
vs.
Sura 2:106 None of Our revelations do We abrogate or cause
to be forgotten, but We substitute something better or similar:
Knowest thou not that Allah hath power over all things?
Whatever Mohammad said later “abrogates” his previous
sayings.
37. Abrogation (cont.)
Sura 53:19 In “a moment of weakness” Muhammad
said: “Have you thought of Al-lat, al Uzza and AManat?
These are exalted intermediaries whose intercession is to
be hoped for.” Later abrogated, of course.
Examples: More than four wives for Muhammad 33:50
and 33:52
Praying toward Jerusalem abrogated by praying toward
Mecca.
Sura 9 “Ultimatum” 9:5 “Verse of the sword” abrogates
milder statements about unbelievers.
38. Summary
Positive Apologetics of Islam and the Qur’an
Islamic Criticism of the Old and New Testaments
Apologetic Issues in Islam and the Qur’an
Reaching out to Muslims: Focus on Jesus.
Remember that Muslims respect Jesus and deal
with reliability of the Old and New Testaments.
