This document discusses the connections between Old Testament prophecies and their New Testament fulfillments, particularly focusing on the role of Jesus Christ as the Messiah. It emphasizes how various figures and events in the Old Testament foreshadow Christ and outlines the typological relationships between the two testaments, including specific examples and scripture references. Additionally, it explores key themes such as the establishment of the kingdom of God and the nature of the covenant relationship between God and His people.

1. From ShadowFrom Shadow
toto
RealityReality
John OakesJohn Oakes
Manila, RP Jan 17,2009Manila, RP Jan 17,2009

2.  John 5:39-40 You diligently study theJohn 5:39-40 You diligently study the
Scriptures because you think that by themScriptures because you think that by them
you possess eternal life. These are theyou possess eternal life. These are the
Scriptures that testify about me, yet youScriptures that testify about me, yet you
refuse to come to me to have life.refuse to come to me to have life.
 Old Testament like a play….Old Testament like a play….
 Old Testament like a mystery….Old Testament like a mystery….

3. Foreshadow: An object, event, person or
situation which stands for something similar, but
of greater significance in the future.
Prefigure: A specific thing which stands for
another specific thing similar to it in the future.
Type and Antitype: A person or thing regarded as
the symbol of someone or something which is yet
to appear

4. Historical ForeshadowsHistorical Foreshadows
 1 Corinthians 10:11 These things happened to them as1 Corinthians 10:11 These things happened to them as
examples and were written down as warnings for us, onexamples and were written down as warnings for us, on
whom thewhom the fulfillmentfulfillment of the ages has come.of the ages has come.
 A little example: Numbers 21:4-9.A little example: Numbers 21:4-9.

5. Foreshadows surrounding AbrahamForeshadows surrounding Abraham
 Isaac = children of promise = usIsaac = children of promise = us
 Ishmael = children born in the usual way = IsraelIshmael = children born in the usual way = Israel
 Hagar = Old Covenant = Mt. Sinai = “presentHagar = Old Covenant = Mt. Sinai = “present
Jerusalem”Jerusalem”
 Sarah = New Covenant = “the Jerusalem that isSarah = New Covenant = “the Jerusalem that is
above”above”

6.
Historical type/antitype in the Exodus
OLD TESTAMENT
TYPE
NEW TESTAMENT
ANTITYPE
SLAVERY IN
EGYPT
LOST, SLAVE TO
SIN
WANDERING IN
THE WILDERNESS
SAVED, BUT
LIVING THE LIFE
OF A DISCIPLE
ENTERING THE
PROMISED LAND
ENTERING
HEAVEN

7. Prefigures of Jesus ChristPrefigures of Jesus Christ
 AdamAdam
 Melchizedek, Isaac, JosephMelchizedek, Isaac, Joseph
 MosesMoses
 JoshuaJoshua
 Deborah, Samson, SaulDeborah, Samson, Saul
 DavidDavid
 Elijah, JonahElijah, Jonah
 Daniel, CyrusDaniel, Cyrus
 Joshua the priest, EstherJoshua the priest, Esther

8. Parallels Between Moses and Jesus
Moses
Jesus
Pharaoh tried to kill him
Herod tried to kill him
Called by God to leave Egypt Carried out of Egypt
Forty years in the wilderness to
prepare for his ministry
Forty days in the wilderness to
prepare for his ministry
Left his position with the king
of Egypt to dwell with the Jews
Left the right hand of the
Father to life with the Jews
Led Israel out of slavery in Egypt Leads Spiritual Israel out of sin
Aaron prepared the way
John the Baptist prepared the
way
Baptized Israel in the Red Sea
in order to free them
Commands baptism in water
for freedom from sin
Gave manna in the wilderness
(sort of)
Gives spiritual bread to all who
hunger
Gave water to the people in the
desert
Gives spiritual water: the
Holy Spirit
Spoke to God on Mt. Sinai Spoke to God on Mt. Hermon

9. Model of The Jewish Tabernacle
Hebrews 10:19-20

10. Type/Antitype Relationships in the Tabernacle
ITEM IN TABERNACLE
OR TEMPLE
ANTITYPE IN THE NEW
COVENANT
SCRIPTURE REFERENCE
The tabernacle itself God dwelling with his
people
John 14:1-3, John 1:14J. Rev
1:13
The bronze altar of
sacrifice
The sacrifice of Jesus for
sins
The basin/laver
Baptism
The show bread
The bread of life, Jesus
Christ
The lampstand
The Holy Spirit Zechariah 4:1-6
The altar of incense The prayers of the saints Revelation 5:8
The blue, purple and
scarlet yarn
The heavens, the kingship
of God, the blood of Jesus
The curtain Separation from God Matthew 27:51
The ark of the covenant The presence of God
The Mercy Seat
The grace of God
The Cherubim
Hebrews 9:14
Titus 3:5
John 6:48-51
Psalm 132:7,8
The angels in heaven Ezekiel 10:15-22

11. Type and Antitype in the First and Second Covenants
Prefigure in the Law of moses
Realization in the law of christ
Obedience to physically defined
rules required.
Obedience to spiritual
principles required.
Physical blessings promised.
Spiritual blessings promised.
Ceremonial uncleanness.
Sin and separation from God.
Sacrifice bridges the chasm
between law and effort.
Sacrifice bridges the chasm
between law and effort.
Sealed with the blood of bulls
and goats.
Sealed with the blood of Jesus
Christ.
Mediated by a High Priest.
Mediated by THE High Priest,
Jesus Christ.
Laws, rules and regulations for
behavior.
Behavior based on spiritual
principle and love.
Tithing. Sacrifice and giving from the
heart.
Sabbath.
Come…. I will give you rest.
Relying on Jesus.
Death.
Life.

12. Sacrificial Type and Antitype
Old Testament
Sacrifice
New Testament
fulfillment
Scriptures
Sweet Savor
Sacrifices
The Burnt
Offering
Jesus’ and our
devotion to God
Ephesians 5:1,2
Romans 12:1,2
The Grain Offering Giving back a
contribution to God
Matthew 6:19-21
Romans 8,9
The Drink Offering Pouring out our life for
God
Luke 22:20
Philippians 2:16
The Fellowship
Offering
Celebrating our
blessings from God
John 10:10
1 Thess 5:16
Blood
Sacrifices
The Sin Offering Jesus’ sacrifice for
our sins
1 Peter 1:18,19
2 Corinthians 5:21
The Guilt
Offering
Maintaining a
relationship with
one another
Matthew 5:23,24

13. First Covenant Festivals as Types
Jewish Festival Antitype in the Christian Life
Passover (pesach) The Sacrificial Death of Jesus Christ
Feast of Firstfruits The Resurrection of Jesus Christ
Feast of Unleavened Bread Celebrating Being Free of Sin in
Our Lives
Feast of Weeks/Pentecost
(shavoat)
The Giving of the Holy Spirit
and the Initiation of the Church
Feast of Trumpets (rosh
hashanah)
Judgement Day, Jesus Coming
Back
Day of Atonement (yom kippur) The Day We Were Saved—
Spiritual Birthday
Feast of Booths
(Tabernacles)
Celebrating Life in Fellowship
with God

14. Old TestamentOld Testament
ProphecyProphecy
ContentContent New Testament FulfillmentNew Testament Fulfillment
Genesis 3:15Genesis 3:15 Satan will attack the Messiah, but the Messiah will destroy the work of Satan.Satan will attack the Messiah, but the Messiah will destroy the work of Satan. Matthew 4:1-11, Luke 4:1-13Matthew 4:1-11, Luke 4:1-13
Genesis 49:10,11Genesis 49:10,11 The Messiah will be from Judah (also hints about a vine, a colt, a branch and blood/grapes)The Messiah will be from Judah (also hints about a vine, a colt, a branch and blood/grapes) Matthew 1:2,3Matthew 1:2,3
Deut 18:15-18Deut 18:15-18 God will raise up a prophet like, but greater than Moses.God will raise up a prophet like, but greater than Moses. Matthew 21:11, Mark 6:15Matthew 21:11, Mark 6:15
Psalm 16:10,11Psalm 16:10,11 The Messiah will not be abandoned to the grave (will be resurrected).The Messiah will not be abandoned to the grave (will be resurrected). John 2:19, Luke 24:1-7John 2:19, Luke 24:1-7
Psalm 22:15-18Psalm 22:15-18 The Messiah will be crucified, his bones not broken, his clothing divided and gambled over.The Messiah will be crucified, his bones not broken, his clothing divided and gambled over. John 19:6,7, John 19:31-34, JohnJohn 19:6,7, John 19:31-34, John
19:23,2419:23,24
Psalm 31:5Psalm 31:5 The Messiah will commit his spirit into the hands of God.The Messiah will commit his spirit into the hands of God. Luke 23:46Luke 23:46
Psalm 69:9,21Psalm 69:9,21 The Messiah will show zeal for God’s house. He will be given gall and vinegar to drink.The Messiah will show zeal for God’s house. He will be given gall and vinegar to drink. John 2:12-17, Matthew 27:34, LukeJohn 2:12-17, Matthew 27:34, Luke
23:3623:36
Psalm 110:1,4Psalm 110:1,4 The Messiah will be a priest in the order of Melchizedek.The Messiah will be a priest in the order of Melchizedek. Hebrews 7:11-18Hebrews 7:11-18
Psalm 118:22,23Psalm 118:22,23 The Messiah will be rejected, but will become the foundation of the Kingdom of God.The Messiah will be rejected, but will become the foundation of the Kingdom of God. Matthew 23:37, Acts 4:10Matthew 23:37, Acts 4:10
Isaiah 7:14Isaiah 7:14 The Messiah will be born of a virgin.The Messiah will be born of a virgin. Luke 1:26-38Luke 1:26-38
Isaiah 9:1,2,6,7Isaiah 9:1,2,6,7 The Messiah will be from Galilee; in the region of Zebulun and Naphtali.The Messiah will be from Galilee; in the region of Zebulun and Naphtali. Matthew 4:12-16Matthew 4:12-16
Isaiah 11:1,2Isaiah 11:1,2 The Messiah will be descended from Jesse and will be a Branch (Nazarene).The Messiah will be descended from Jesse and will be a Branch (Nazarene). Matthew 1:5,6, John 1:45,46, MatthewMatthew 1:5,6, John 1:45,46, Matthew
2:232:23
Isaiah 35:5,6Isaiah 35:5,6 The Messiah will heal the deaf, the blind and the physically disabled.The Messiah will heal the deaf, the blind and the physically disabled. Mark 7:32-25, 8:22-26, 2:3-12Mark 7:32-25, 8:22-26, 2:3-12
Isaiah 42:1-4Isaiah 42:1-4 The Messiah will be miraculously humble.The Messiah will be miraculously humble. John 8:1-11John 8:1-11
Isaiah 53Isaiah 53 The Messiah will be despised, he will suffer physically, he will be pierced, he will take onThe Messiah will be despised, he will suffer physically, he will be pierced, he will take on
himself the sin of mankind, he will be silent before his accusers, and will be buried with thehimself the sin of mankind, he will be silent before his accusers, and will be buried with the
rich.rich.
Matthew 27:15-18, John 19:33-35, MarkMatthew 27:15-18, John 19:33-35, Mark
14:60,61, 15:3-5, Mark 15:42-4614:60,61, 15:3-5, Mark 15:42-46
Daniel 9:24-27Daniel 9:24-27 The Messiah will come to Jerusalem to bring salvation somewhere between AD 26-33.The Messiah will come to Jerusalem to bring salvation somewhere between AD 26-33. Luke 3:1,2Luke 3:1,2
Micah 5:2Micah 5:2 The Messiah will be born in Bethlehem Ephrathah.The Messiah will be born in Bethlehem Ephrathah. Luke 2:1-7Luke 2:1-7
Zechariah 6:9-15Zechariah 6:9-15 The Messiah will be a king and a priest, and will bring harmony between the two.The Messiah will be a king and a priest, and will bring harmony between the two. John 18:37, Hebrews 7:11-17John 18:37, Hebrews 7:11-17
Zechariah 9:9-11Zechariah 9:9-11 The Messiah will ride as a king into Jerusalem riding on a donkey and the colt of thatThe Messiah will ride as a king into Jerusalem riding on a donkey and the colt of that
donkey.donkey.
Matthew 21:1-7Matthew 21:1-7
Zechariah 11:10-Zechariah 11:10- The Messiah will be betrayed for 30 pieces of silver. The money will be thrown to “theThe Messiah will be betrayed for 30 pieces of silver. The money will be thrown to “the Matthew 26:14-16, Matthew 27:6,7Matthew 26:14-16, Matthew 27:6,7

15. Prophecies of the Kingdom of God
Prophesied Quality of theProphesied Quality of the
Kingdom of GodKingdom of God
Old Testament Prophecies (and New Testament fulfillment)Old Testament Prophecies (and New Testament fulfillment)
Establishment of the Kingdom.Establishment of the Kingdom. Jeremiah 31:31-34 (Hebrews 9:15)Jeremiah 31:31-34 (Hebrews 9:15)
Ezekiel 36:24-27 (John 16:13-15, Acts 2:38)Ezekiel 36:24-27 (John 16:13-15, Acts 2:38)
Who will be the King?Who will be the King? Ezekiel 34:23,24 (John 10:14, Ephesians 1:22,23)Ezekiel 34:23,24 (John 10:14, Ephesians 1:22,23)
Hosea 3:5Hosea 3:5
Joel 2:28-32 (Acts 2:16-21)Joel 2:28-32 (Acts 2:16-21)
Zechariah 13:1,2Zechariah 13:1,2
Extent of the Kingdom of God.Extent of the Kingdom of God. Isaiah 49:6, 42:6Isaiah 49:6, 42:6
Isaiah 2:2-4Isaiah 2:2-4
Isaiah 54:1 (Galatians 4:26-28)Isaiah 54:1 (Galatians 4:26-28)
Ezekiel 17:22-24Ezekiel 17:22-24
Zechariah 2:10,11Zechariah 2:10,11
Relationship between King andRelationship between King and
subjects.subjects.
Exodus 19:5,6 (1 Peter 2:9, 1 Timothy 2:5Exodus 19:5,6 (1 Peter 2:9, 1 Timothy 2:5
Ezekiel 37:24-28 (2 Corinthians 6:6)Ezekiel 37:24-28 (2 Corinthians 6:6)
Ezekiel 11:19,20Ezekiel 11:19,20
Hosea 1:10,11, 2:23 (Romans 9:25,26)Hosea 1:10,11, 2:23 (Romans 9:25,26)
Relationships between subjectsRelationships between subjects
in the Kingdom of God.in the Kingdom of God.
Isaiah 11:6-10 (Galatians 3:26-28)Isaiah 11:6-10 (Galatians 3:26-28)
Persecution of the Kingdom ofPersecution of the Kingdom of
God.God.
Daniel 7:6-8Daniel 7:6-8
Daniel 7:19-25Daniel 7:19-25
Power and Endurance of thePower and Endurance of the
Kingdom of God.Kingdom of God.
Daniel 7:26,27Daniel 7:26,27
Amos 9:11Amos 9:11
2 Samuel 7:12-142 Samuel 7:12-14
Daniel 2:44Daniel 2:44

16.  www.evidenceforchristianity.org/www.evidenceforchristianity.org/
articles/biblearticles/bible