Arrays allow storing multiple values of the same data type under a single variable name. An array has a fixed size that is declared and can contain either one dimension (1D) or multiple dimensions (2D). 1D arrays contain a single row while 2D arrays contain multiple rows and columns. Arrays provide advantages like efficiently representing matrices and implementing other data structures but have disadvantages like fixed size meaning memory may be wasted.

1. Roll No. Name
31 Shah Deep
32 Barad Karan
33 Lakkad Vatsal
34 Shah Vishesh

2. What is an Array ?

3. • It is derived data type.
• The nature of array is static (fix).
• Array is a collection of similar or
homogeneous data type.
• Array is also known subscript
variable
or index variable.

4. • The lower bond of an array is zero 0.
• The upper bond of an array is n-1.
for ex.-int a[9] is an array that stores 9 integers
• Array index start with zero(0).
• Array end with n-1.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116
index
elements
Memory address

5. '
Need for an Array

6. NEED FOR AN ARRAY
• To store large number of variables of same type under a
single variable.
• E.g.
To store Marks of 50 students.
Record of sales of 100 salesman.

7. • C allows us to define such tables of items by
using two-dimensional arrays.
•The two dimensional array are declared as
follows-
type array_name[row_size][column_size];
For ex.- int a [3][2];
Data type
Array name Row=3
Column=
2

8. 1. Declaration 2D ARRAY
• To declare an array to syntax is.
• The syntax of 2D array is
datatype arrayname[row] [column];
2.Initializing 2D ARRAY
• Like 1D array ,2D array initialized.
• Tow for loop is used .
ex.-
for (i=0 ;i<3; i++)
{
for (j=0;j<3;j++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);
}
}

9. 3.Assessing 2D ARRAY
• For loop is used.
Ex.-
for (i=0; i<3; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<3;j++)
{
printf(“t%d”,a[i][j]);
}
print(“n”);
}
• To print the element of an
array is known as assessing.

10. /* addition of two matrix/*
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix a=”);
scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix b=”);
scanf(“%d”,&b[i][j]);
}

11. for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
}
}
Printf(“/n addition of two matrix=“);
{
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(J=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“%d”,c[i][j]);
}
printf(“/n”);
}
}
return(0);
}

12. output:
A= B=
C=
9 8 7
6 5 4
3 2 1
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 10 10
10 10 10
10 10 10

13. /*subtraction of two matrix/*
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix a=”);
scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix b=”);
scanf(“%d”,&b[i][j]);
}

14. for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
c[i][j]=a[i][j]-b[i][j];
}
}
Printf(“/n substract of two matrix=”);
{
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(J=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“%d”,c[i][j]);
}
printf(“/n”);
}
}
return(0);
}

15. output:
A= B=
C=
2 3 4
5 6 7
8 9 10
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1

16. /*multiplication of two matrix/*
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,k;
int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix a=”);
scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“enter the matrix b=”);
scanf(“%d”,&b[i][j]);
}

17. for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
}
}
printf(“n enter the matix a is =”);
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“t%d”,c[i][j]);
}
printf(“n”);
}

18. printf(“n enter the matrix b is =”);
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“t%d”,b[i][j]);
}
printf(“n”);
}
printf(“n the multiplication is =”);
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(“t%d”,c[i][j]);
}
printf(“n”);
}
return(0);
}

19. output:
A=
B=
AB=
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
9 8 7
6 5 4
3 2 1
46 28 10
118 73 28
190 118 46

20. DIFFERENCE
1D
1. 1D Array
contains single
row and
multiple
columns.
2. 1D Array is a
simple
collection of
elements.
3. Ex:-
2d
1. 2D Array
contains
multiple row and
multiple
columns.
2. 2D Array is a
collection of 1D
Array .
3. Ex:-
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
A 1 2 3
B 4 5 6
C
7
8 9

21. ARRAY APPLICATIONS
• Array can be used for sorting
elements.
• Array can perform matrix
operation.
• Array can be used to sum all the
elements.
• Array can be stores elements of
same data type.

22. • Given a list of test scores, determine the
maximum and minimum scores.
• Read in a list of student names and
rearrange them in alphabetical order
(sorting).
• Given the height measurements of students
in a class, output the names of those
students who are taller than average.

23. Advantages
&
Disadvantages

24. Advantages
 It is used to represent multiple data of same type by assigning only
single name.
 It can be used to implement other data structures like –
linked lists , stacks ,queue etc….
 2D array are used to represent matrices.

25. Disadvantages
 We must know array is static structure It means that array is fixed size.
The memory which is allocated to array can not be increased or
reduced.
 Since array is of fixed size , if we allocate more memory than
requirement then the
memory space will be wasted . And if we allocate less memory than
requirement
than it will create problem.
 The elements of array are stored in consecutive memory location. So
insertions and deletion are very difficult and time consuming.