Aromatic Compounds and its Derivativesppt
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This is a simple presentation of aromatic compounds and some of its derivatives
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Aromatic Compounds and its Derivativesppt
- 2. Aromatic Compounds • Formerly used to describe fragrant substances such as benzaldehyde (from cherries, peaches, and almonds), toluene (from Tolu balsam), and benzene (from coal distillate) • Now used to refer to the class of compounds that contain six-membered benzene-like rings with three double bonds Early Days of Organic Chemistry
- 4. Aromatic Compounds • Many naturally occurring compounds are aromatic in part • Steroidal hormone estrone • Analgesic morphine • Many synthetic drugs are aromatic in part • Antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac) • Benzene • Found to cause bone marrow depression • Leads to leukopenia, or lowered white blood cell count, on prolonged exposure Present Days of Organic Chemistry
- 5. Aromatic substances have acquired nonsystematic names • Nonsystematic names are discouraged but allowed by IUPAC • Common name for methylbenzene is toluene • Common name for hydroxybenzene is phenol • Common name for aminobenzene is aniline 9.1 Naming Aromatic Compounds
- 6. BENZENE
- 19. Monosubstituted Benzenes • Systematically named in same manner as other hydrocarbons • – benzene used as parent name • C6H5Br is bromobenzene • C6H5NO2 is nitrobenzene • C6H5CH2CH2CH3 is propylbenzene Naming Aromatic Compounds
- 20. Arenes • Alkyl-substituted benzenes • Named depending on the size of the alkyl group • Alkyl substituent smaller than the ring (6 or fewer carbons), named as an alkyl substituted benzene • Alkyl substituent larger than the ring (7 or more carbons), named as a phenyl-substituted alkane Phenyl • Derived from the Greek pheno (“I bear light”) • Michael Faraday discovered benzene in 1825 from the oily residue left by illuminating gas used in London street lamps • Used for the –C6H5 unit when the benzene ring is considered as a substituent • Abbreviated as Ph or F (Greek phi) Naming Aromatic Compounds
- 21. Phenyl-substituting Group Naming Aromatic Compounds
- 22. Disubstituted benzenes • Named using one of the prefixes 1. ortho- (o-) • Ortho-disubstituted benzene has two substituents in a 1,2 relationship 2. meta- (m-) • Meta-disubstituted benzene has its substituents in a 1,3 relationship 3. para- (p-) • Para-disubstituted benzene has its substituents in a 1,4 relationship Naming Aromatic Compounds