The Dick and Carey model outlines a 10 step process for competency-based instructional design. The steps include determining an instructional goal, performing an instructional analysis, identifying learner characteristics and entry behaviors, setting performance objectives, developing criterion-referenced test items, choosing instructional strategies, creating instructional materials, conducting formative evaluations, performing summative evaluations, and reflecting on the entire experience. The steps are interconnected and can influence each other both directly and indirectly.