The document discusses different approaches to social sciences research: [1] The deductive monological model follows the natural sciences approach using deductive logic to explain social behaviors. It uses general laws and facts to explain specific events. [2] The phenomenological tradition focuses on human consciousness and aims to understand people through interpretation of their actions and justifications. [3] Other approaches discussed include hermeneutics which interprets human experiences to create meaning, symbolic interactionism which examines inner mental processes, and analytical tradition which sees social actions as rule-governed.