This document describes the design of software to calculate the embodied energy of building materials in Indonesia. The software is based on the Material Unit Analysis method for quantifying materials. It allows users to input building material specifications, look up embodied energy values in an inventory database, convert between units, and view results by material, building component, or total building energy. The software aims to make embodied energy calculations easier to encourage designers to consider energy impacts in their building designs.
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING USING DESIGN BUI...ijmech
Buildings contribute impact on CO2 emission and energy consumption. Electric energy
consumption in buildings is about 40% of the total energy consumption of India. In this work building
simulation technology is used to evaluate a variety of envelope thermal characteristics and low carbon
technology in an integrated manner at the early design stage itself to assist the delivering of sustainable
green buildings with a high rating of performance and energy consumption. Building simulation enables
designer to identify the key energy loads, test their strategies and compare permutation of design strategy
in order to optimize the energy consumption.
Design Builder (DB) software is used to carry out a series of sensitivity analysis on set of design
parameters, with an aim to achieve a comfortable and energy efficient building. Several parametric studies
have been conducted to enable building designers to carry out analysis of energy efficient building model
related to building orientation, construction, air infiltration, natural ventilation, window type, openings,
and lighting. To calculate the energy saving, basic condition of building model is compared with Energy
Conservation Building Code (ECBC) building model. Consider basic condition of building is case A and
condition of building according to ECBC is case B.
With rapid development of india’s national economy and improvement of living standards, energy issues have turned into serious social problems, restricting further development in the country. Large public buildings in india consume a great quantity of energy, and the indian government has rolled out a number of programs to retrofit them. Many retrofit technologies are readily available in india. However, there is uncertainty about technology effectiveness and which technologies work better in which climate zone. Only spotty analyses and summaries of real projects are available in literature. This report compares and analyzes these technologies in detail and provides some guidance in selecting economically effective approaches to retrofitting large public buildings. The first section sorts out some common building energysaving technologies and describes each technology with real projects. This section offers related background information for calculations later in the report.the second section summarizes energy consumption in office buildings and retail stores based on a literature survey for three major locations in india. The data includes itemized energy consumption, as well as energy use at whole-building levels. Later, building energy consumption simulation software – equest is used to simulate typical public buildings we constructed out of the literature survey. We calibrated the models, adjusted the usage schedules, and built a series of prototype models for all three geographical locations. The last section evaluates the effectiveness of each retrofit technology. Equest simulated the energy consumption with and without retrofit technologies in order to determine savings. We then added a cost analysis and calculated the typical payback period for each technology. Finally, we summarized these findings in tables so that readers can easily compare and understand how much savings and the payback period they can expect before starting a retrofit project.
An analysis of energy saving through delamping methodIJECEIAES
Electrical energy consumption is one of the focus areas in Green and Sustainable technology in the 21st century. Many energy consultants offers services to reduce the electricity consumption to the commercial consumer. Many proposals are focusing on selling their energy management system product which cost a lot of initial investment. The problem of applying energy management system is that the building needs major renovation. In this paper, electricity consumption is reduced through delamping method. The delamping is strategizing based on energy efficiency audit. This technique complies with the ASHRAE international standard for office building. The number of light reduced and electricity consumption from this exercise can translate into reduction of maintenance and electricity bill. The comparison of payback period for various energy saving techniques were discussed as well.
This document discusses the design parameters for optimizing zero energy buildings (ZEBs) using the TARP optimization tool. It describes using EnergyPlus software to simulate a low utilization building at GIET University in India. The initial and optimized building parameters are compared to evaluate the annual energy consumption and reduce usage. Key factors like thermal comfort zones, energy demand, and electricity consumption are analyzed. The goal is to develop an optimized building design approach to help construct more efficient, low-cost ZEBs.
A software algorithm/package for control loop configuration and eco-efficiencyISA Interchange
This document describes a software algorithm and package that can help engineers select more eco-efficient control configurations. The algorithm integrates a commercial process simulator (VMGSim) with Excel to calculate an exergy eco-efficiency factor (EEF). The EEF is a new measure that connects control loop configuration to eco-efficiency. The algorithm simulates steady state base cases and cases with manipulated variable steps. It extracts temperature, pressure, flow, composition, entropy and enthalpy data to calculate material exergies. The EEF is then calculated using the manipulated variables, controlled variables and exergy differences to identify the most eco-efficient control pairings. The algorithm was applied to a simple reactor example to demonstrate the calculation steps.
Optimal unit commitment of a power plant using particle swarm optimization ap...IJECEIAES
Economic load dispatch among generating units is very important for any power plant. In this work, the economic load dispatch was made at Egbin Thermal Power plant supplying a total load of 600MW using six generating units. In carrying out this study, transmission losses were assumed to be included into the load supplied. Also, three different combinations in the form of 6, 5- and 4-units commitment were considered. In each case, the total load was optimally dispatched between committed generating units using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Similarly, the generation cost for each generating unit was determined. For case 1, the six generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,100,685.069$/h. For case 2, five generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,520,861.947$/h. For case 3, four generators were committed and the generation cost is 3,150,621.685$/h. From all considered cases, it was found that, the minimum generation cost was achieved when all six generating units were committed and a total of 420,178.878$/h was saved.
Optimal Operation of Wind-thermal generation using differential evolutionIOSR Journals
This document presents an optimal operation model for a wind-thermal power generation system using differential evolution (DE). DE is an evolutionary algorithm inspired by biological evolution that can solve complex constrained optimization problems. The paper formulates the economic dispatch problem to minimize total generation cost of the wind and thermal plants subject to various constraints like power balance, generator limits, ramp rates, and valve point loading effects. Five different DE mutation strategies are analyzed for solving the wind-thermal economic dispatch problem on a test system with 10 thermal units. The results show that the best mutation strategy and control parameter values (mutation rate and crossover rate) depend on the problem and can significantly impact the solution quality and consistency obtained by the DE algorithm.
IRJET- Development of Generalize Software to Estimate Cooling Load for Air Co...IRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a generalized software in C++ to estimate cooling loads for air conditioning in multi-story buildings. The software calculates cooling loads accurately and efficiently, requiring less time than manual calculations. It determines loads based on factors like heat gain, indoor/outdoor temperatures, and human comfort. The software will help size HVAC equipment appropriately for multi-story buildings.
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING USING DESIGN BUI...ijmech
Buildings contribute impact on CO2 emission and energy consumption. Electric energy
consumption in buildings is about 40% of the total energy consumption of India. In this work building
simulation technology is used to evaluate a variety of envelope thermal characteristics and low carbon
technology in an integrated manner at the early design stage itself to assist the delivering of sustainable
green buildings with a high rating of performance and energy consumption. Building simulation enables
designer to identify the key energy loads, test their strategies and compare permutation of design strategy
in order to optimize the energy consumption.
Design Builder (DB) software is used to carry out a series of sensitivity analysis on set of design
parameters, with an aim to achieve a comfortable and energy efficient building. Several parametric studies
have been conducted to enable building designers to carry out analysis of energy efficient building model
related to building orientation, construction, air infiltration, natural ventilation, window type, openings,
and lighting. To calculate the energy saving, basic condition of building model is compared with Energy
Conservation Building Code (ECBC) building model. Consider basic condition of building is case A and
condition of building according to ECBC is case B.
With rapid development of india’s national economy and improvement of living standards, energy issues have turned into serious social problems, restricting further development in the country. Large public buildings in india consume a great quantity of energy, and the indian government has rolled out a number of programs to retrofit them. Many retrofit technologies are readily available in india. However, there is uncertainty about technology effectiveness and which technologies work better in which climate zone. Only spotty analyses and summaries of real projects are available in literature. This report compares and analyzes these technologies in detail and provides some guidance in selecting economically effective approaches to retrofitting large public buildings. The first section sorts out some common building energysaving technologies and describes each technology with real projects. This section offers related background information for calculations later in the report.the second section summarizes energy consumption in office buildings and retail stores based on a literature survey for three major locations in india. The data includes itemized energy consumption, as well as energy use at whole-building levels. Later, building energy consumption simulation software – equest is used to simulate typical public buildings we constructed out of the literature survey. We calibrated the models, adjusted the usage schedules, and built a series of prototype models for all three geographical locations. The last section evaluates the effectiveness of each retrofit technology. Equest simulated the energy consumption with and without retrofit technologies in order to determine savings. We then added a cost analysis and calculated the typical payback period for each technology. Finally, we summarized these findings in tables so that readers can easily compare and understand how much savings and the payback period they can expect before starting a retrofit project.
An analysis of energy saving through delamping methodIJECEIAES
Electrical energy consumption is one of the focus areas in Green and Sustainable technology in the 21st century. Many energy consultants offers services to reduce the electricity consumption to the commercial consumer. Many proposals are focusing on selling their energy management system product which cost a lot of initial investment. The problem of applying energy management system is that the building needs major renovation. In this paper, electricity consumption is reduced through delamping method. The delamping is strategizing based on energy efficiency audit. This technique complies with the ASHRAE international standard for office building. The number of light reduced and electricity consumption from this exercise can translate into reduction of maintenance and electricity bill. The comparison of payback period for various energy saving techniques were discussed as well.
This document discusses the design parameters for optimizing zero energy buildings (ZEBs) using the TARP optimization tool. It describes using EnergyPlus software to simulate a low utilization building at GIET University in India. The initial and optimized building parameters are compared to evaluate the annual energy consumption and reduce usage. Key factors like thermal comfort zones, energy demand, and electricity consumption are analyzed. The goal is to develop an optimized building design approach to help construct more efficient, low-cost ZEBs.
A software algorithm/package for control loop configuration and eco-efficiencyISA Interchange
This document describes a software algorithm and package that can help engineers select more eco-efficient control configurations. The algorithm integrates a commercial process simulator (VMGSim) with Excel to calculate an exergy eco-efficiency factor (EEF). The EEF is a new measure that connects control loop configuration to eco-efficiency. The algorithm simulates steady state base cases and cases with manipulated variable steps. It extracts temperature, pressure, flow, composition, entropy and enthalpy data to calculate material exergies. The EEF is then calculated using the manipulated variables, controlled variables and exergy differences to identify the most eco-efficient control pairings. The algorithm was applied to a simple reactor example to demonstrate the calculation steps.
Optimal unit commitment of a power plant using particle swarm optimization ap...IJECEIAES
Economic load dispatch among generating units is very important for any power plant. In this work, the economic load dispatch was made at Egbin Thermal Power plant supplying a total load of 600MW using six generating units. In carrying out this study, transmission losses were assumed to be included into the load supplied. Also, three different combinations in the form of 6, 5- and 4-units commitment were considered. In each case, the total load was optimally dispatched between committed generating units using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Similarly, the generation cost for each generating unit was determined. For case 1, the six generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,100,685.069$/h. For case 2, five generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,520,861.947$/h. For case 3, four generators were committed and the generation cost is 3,150,621.685$/h. From all considered cases, it was found that, the minimum generation cost was achieved when all six generating units were committed and a total of 420,178.878$/h was saved.
Optimal Operation of Wind-thermal generation using differential evolutionIOSR Journals
This document presents an optimal operation model for a wind-thermal power generation system using differential evolution (DE). DE is an evolutionary algorithm inspired by biological evolution that can solve complex constrained optimization problems. The paper formulates the economic dispatch problem to minimize total generation cost of the wind and thermal plants subject to various constraints like power balance, generator limits, ramp rates, and valve point loading effects. Five different DE mutation strategies are analyzed for solving the wind-thermal economic dispatch problem on a test system with 10 thermal units. The results show that the best mutation strategy and control parameter values (mutation rate and crossover rate) depend on the problem and can significantly impact the solution quality and consistency obtained by the DE algorithm.
IRJET- Development of Generalize Software to Estimate Cooling Load for Air Co...IRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a generalized software in C++ to estimate cooling loads for air conditioning in multi-story buildings. The software calculates cooling loads accurately and efficiently, requiring less time than manual calculations. It determines loads based on factors like heat gain, indoor/outdoor temperatures, and human comfort. The software will help size HVAC equipment appropriately for multi-story buildings.
Este documento fornece um resumo de 3 frases ou menos:
Este é um repertório de músicas fáceis para violão, contendo cifras de músicas populares selecionadas para serem tocadas por iniciantes no instrumento, apresentando os acordes básicos em posições facilitadas.
O repertório é destinado a alunos iniciantes ou com pouco conhecimento, contendo músicas didaticamente ordenadas por nível de dificuldade. Informações adicionais como desenhos das posições dos dedos e
Este documento presenta una guía sobre cómo realizar monografías de investigación. Explica que una monografía es un escrito sobre un tema único que requiere buscar información, analizarla y presentar conclusiones. Detalla que una monografía típica contiene una carátula, índice, introducción, cuerpo con capítulos, conclusiones y referencias. Asimismo, proporciona consejos sobre cómo seleccionar un tema, buscar información, estructurar el contenido y citar las fuentes de manera adecuada.
Resolución del Segundo Problema ABP. Complementos de Formación para el Doctorado en Comunicación y Educación en Entornos Digitales. Autor: Ignacio Quintana
How to make university more entrepreneurialRami Musa
This document provides a literature review and framework for analyzing how to make universities more entrepreneurial. It discusses key concepts like entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurial university, science/technology/innovation, and the triple helix model of university-industry-government collaboration.
The document then reviews areas for potential entrepreneurial development at universities, including mission/governance/strategy, stakeholder engagement, knowledge transfer/exchange, internationalization, and entrepreneurship pedagogy. It presents case studies of several UK universities and compares them to London Metropolitan University based on these areas. The conclusion provides recommendations for improving LMU's entrepreneurial activities based on the analysis.
CBRE101211 Wellness in the Workplace_FINALOctavia_69
The document discusses how workplace wellness will evolve in the future based on emerging trends. By 2040, the lines between work and home will blur and people will have more autonomy over where and when they work. Workplaces will become "trophy workplaces" that emphasize health, wellbeing, and an enjoyable experience. Healthcare will also change, with treatment no longer restricted to clinics and more integrated into daily life and work environments. Technologies like wearable devices and embedded sensors will make it easier for people to monitor and improve their health. Overall, wellness will rise in importance for both employees and employers in the future workplace.
Este documento presenta la ficha de una actividad final de un curso sobre herramientas para la creación de recursos didácticos impartido por el SENA. Incluye información sobre el modelo pedagógico, objetivos, materiales, actividades y evaluación del curso. El curso utiliza herramientas TIC como Youtube y Pixton para explicar conceptos de prospectiva y desarrollo social a través de videos y comics.
Noticias inmobiliarias de hoy - 12 de DiciembrePrueba Social
Este boletín de noticias resume las principales noticias del sector inmobiliario en España. Algunas de las noticias destacadas son sobre la reunión entre el ministro de Fomento y la presidenta de la Comunidad de Madrid para discutir el proyecto de desarrollo urbanístico Chamartín, la recuperación del mercado de la vivienda en España con aumentos de precios y ventas, y la inversión extranjera, especialmente de fondos estadounidenses, en el mercado inmobiliario español.
El documento describe diferentes estilos de apariencia personal, incluyendo Natural, Tradicional, Elegante, Romántico, Seductor, Creativo y Dramático. Para cada estilo, se especifican detalles sobre la apariencia, confección, colores, materiales, peinados y maquillaje que lo caracterizan para hombres y mujeres.
Clotilde García del Castillo fue la esposa del pintor impresionista español Joaquín Sorolla. Se conocieron desde niños y tuvieron tres hijos juntos. Sorolla retrató a Clotilde en numerosas obras que capturan momentos íntimos de su vida familiar y su belleza mediterránea. Clotilde apoyó la carrera de su marido a lo largo de los años y lo cuidó devotamente durante su enfermedad, luchando por su recuperación hasta el final.
Open web girders (OWG) are bridge structures where the web part is only partially filled. This allows OWGs to be lighter than closed web girders while still providing enough structural strength. OWGs are commonly used for railway bridges due to their ability to support large spans without intermediate columns and resist lateral loads through their open web design. The document discusses the types, fabrication, merits, and uses of OWGs, concluding that they provide an economical support structure for applications like bridges over rivers and valleys.
El documento habla sobre la versión beta de BlackBerry Messenger (BBM) Social Platform, la cual permite a los usuarios descargar más aplicaciones sociales como mensajería, chat, multimedia, juegos, servicios basados en ubicación, video y comercio. Esta versión fue anunciada en 2010 y permite a los desarrolladores crear más funciones en sus aplicaciones utilizando las API de BBM.
The document presents on Wi-Fi technology. It discusses that Wi-Fi allows devices to connect to the internet wirelessly using radio signals following IEEE 802.11 standards. It was developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance in 1999 to promote interoperability. Some key benefits of Wi-Fi include flexible working, reduced cables, and lower setup costs compared to wired networks. The presentation provides tips for securing Wi-Fi networks such as using a passphrase and separating guest networks. It also compares Wi-Fi to other wireless technologies like Li-Fi and Wi-Fi Direct.
Este documento presenta varias estrategias para facilitar la creatividad y analizar e interpretar textos. Define la creatividad como un proceso mediante el cual se identifica un problema y se plantean soluciones evaluando hipótesis. Luego describe algunas estrategias creativas como el surgimiento del motivo, la preparación, la invención e iluminación. Finalmente, explica tres estrategias para analizar textos: SQA, los siete niveles lingüísticos y la estrategia propuesta que incluye saberes previos y análisis de forma y
Este documento describe varias herramientas digitales como Pinterest para compartir imágenes, Symbaloo para organizar sitios web favoritos, Scoop.it para compartir contenido en línea, Evernote para organizar notas, y Vimeo para compartir y almacenar videos. También describe herramientas como Camtasia para crear tutoriales de pantalla, Gliffy para crear diagramas, Popplet para organizar ideas, y Stilus para optimizar hojas de estilo. Además, cubre herramientas como Prezi para presentaciones en la nube, Powershow
El documento describe el proceso de creación publicitaria conocido como "La Z Creativa" y su aplicación al análisis de la campaña "Durex Chocolate". También presenta un resumen de la campaña original y propone una alternativa siguiendo los pasos de la Z Creativa, incluyendo un concepto creativo, medios y acciones de marketing para promover preservativos sabor chocolate de la marca Durex.
Energy simulation & analysis of two residential buildingschirag aggarwal
-> Analysed and compared the energy consumption of a residential building modelled using common building materials and specifications used in Delhi for decades to that of modelled by altering the building envelope and the AC system specifications.
-> Used eQUEST software.
This document outlines an approach to developing a soft tool for conducting a life cycle assessment of residential buildings to estimate their environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions. The tool calculates embodied carbon emissions from building materials used in construction and from electricity consumption over the building's 50-year lifespan. Testing on a residential building in Pune, India found total embodied carbon from materials was 748579 kg and from electricity was 4266150 kg over 50 years. The results indicate opportunities to reduce impacts by using sustainable materials and non-conventional energy sources.
Este documento fornece um resumo de 3 frases ou menos:
Este é um repertório de músicas fáceis para violão, contendo cifras de músicas populares selecionadas para serem tocadas por iniciantes no instrumento, apresentando os acordes básicos em posições facilitadas.
O repertório é destinado a alunos iniciantes ou com pouco conhecimento, contendo músicas didaticamente ordenadas por nível de dificuldade. Informações adicionais como desenhos das posições dos dedos e
Este documento presenta una guía sobre cómo realizar monografías de investigación. Explica que una monografía es un escrito sobre un tema único que requiere buscar información, analizarla y presentar conclusiones. Detalla que una monografía típica contiene una carátula, índice, introducción, cuerpo con capítulos, conclusiones y referencias. Asimismo, proporciona consejos sobre cómo seleccionar un tema, buscar información, estructurar el contenido y citar las fuentes de manera adecuada.
Resolución del Segundo Problema ABP. Complementos de Formación para el Doctorado en Comunicación y Educación en Entornos Digitales. Autor: Ignacio Quintana
How to make university more entrepreneurialRami Musa
This document provides a literature review and framework for analyzing how to make universities more entrepreneurial. It discusses key concepts like entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurial university, science/technology/innovation, and the triple helix model of university-industry-government collaboration.
The document then reviews areas for potential entrepreneurial development at universities, including mission/governance/strategy, stakeholder engagement, knowledge transfer/exchange, internationalization, and entrepreneurship pedagogy. It presents case studies of several UK universities and compares them to London Metropolitan University based on these areas. The conclusion provides recommendations for improving LMU's entrepreneurial activities based on the analysis.
CBRE101211 Wellness in the Workplace_FINALOctavia_69
The document discusses how workplace wellness will evolve in the future based on emerging trends. By 2040, the lines between work and home will blur and people will have more autonomy over where and when they work. Workplaces will become "trophy workplaces" that emphasize health, wellbeing, and an enjoyable experience. Healthcare will also change, with treatment no longer restricted to clinics and more integrated into daily life and work environments. Technologies like wearable devices and embedded sensors will make it easier for people to monitor and improve their health. Overall, wellness will rise in importance for both employees and employers in the future workplace.
Este documento presenta la ficha de una actividad final de un curso sobre herramientas para la creación de recursos didácticos impartido por el SENA. Incluye información sobre el modelo pedagógico, objetivos, materiales, actividades y evaluación del curso. El curso utiliza herramientas TIC como Youtube y Pixton para explicar conceptos de prospectiva y desarrollo social a través de videos y comics.
Noticias inmobiliarias de hoy - 12 de DiciembrePrueba Social
Este boletín de noticias resume las principales noticias del sector inmobiliario en España. Algunas de las noticias destacadas son sobre la reunión entre el ministro de Fomento y la presidenta de la Comunidad de Madrid para discutir el proyecto de desarrollo urbanístico Chamartín, la recuperación del mercado de la vivienda en España con aumentos de precios y ventas, y la inversión extranjera, especialmente de fondos estadounidenses, en el mercado inmobiliario español.
El documento describe diferentes estilos de apariencia personal, incluyendo Natural, Tradicional, Elegante, Romántico, Seductor, Creativo y Dramático. Para cada estilo, se especifican detalles sobre la apariencia, confección, colores, materiales, peinados y maquillaje que lo caracterizan para hombres y mujeres.
Clotilde García del Castillo fue la esposa del pintor impresionista español Joaquín Sorolla. Se conocieron desde niños y tuvieron tres hijos juntos. Sorolla retrató a Clotilde en numerosas obras que capturan momentos íntimos de su vida familiar y su belleza mediterránea. Clotilde apoyó la carrera de su marido a lo largo de los años y lo cuidó devotamente durante su enfermedad, luchando por su recuperación hasta el final.
Open web girders (OWG) are bridge structures where the web part is only partially filled. This allows OWGs to be lighter than closed web girders while still providing enough structural strength. OWGs are commonly used for railway bridges due to their ability to support large spans without intermediate columns and resist lateral loads through their open web design. The document discusses the types, fabrication, merits, and uses of OWGs, concluding that they provide an economical support structure for applications like bridges over rivers and valleys.
El documento habla sobre la versión beta de BlackBerry Messenger (BBM) Social Platform, la cual permite a los usuarios descargar más aplicaciones sociales como mensajería, chat, multimedia, juegos, servicios basados en ubicación, video y comercio. Esta versión fue anunciada en 2010 y permite a los desarrolladores crear más funciones en sus aplicaciones utilizando las API de BBM.
The document presents on Wi-Fi technology. It discusses that Wi-Fi allows devices to connect to the internet wirelessly using radio signals following IEEE 802.11 standards. It was developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance in 1999 to promote interoperability. Some key benefits of Wi-Fi include flexible working, reduced cables, and lower setup costs compared to wired networks. The presentation provides tips for securing Wi-Fi networks such as using a passphrase and separating guest networks. It also compares Wi-Fi to other wireless technologies like Li-Fi and Wi-Fi Direct.
Este documento presenta varias estrategias para facilitar la creatividad y analizar e interpretar textos. Define la creatividad como un proceso mediante el cual se identifica un problema y se plantean soluciones evaluando hipótesis. Luego describe algunas estrategias creativas como el surgimiento del motivo, la preparación, la invención e iluminación. Finalmente, explica tres estrategias para analizar textos: SQA, los siete niveles lingüísticos y la estrategia propuesta que incluye saberes previos y análisis de forma y
Este documento describe varias herramientas digitales como Pinterest para compartir imágenes, Symbaloo para organizar sitios web favoritos, Scoop.it para compartir contenido en línea, Evernote para organizar notas, y Vimeo para compartir y almacenar videos. También describe herramientas como Camtasia para crear tutoriales de pantalla, Gliffy para crear diagramas, Popplet para organizar ideas, y Stilus para optimizar hojas de estilo. Además, cubre herramientas como Prezi para presentaciones en la nube, Powershow
El documento describe el proceso de creación publicitaria conocido como "La Z Creativa" y su aplicación al análisis de la campaña "Durex Chocolate". También presenta un resumen de la campaña original y propone una alternativa siguiendo los pasos de la Z Creativa, incluyendo un concepto creativo, medios y acciones de marketing para promover preservativos sabor chocolate de la marca Durex.
Energy simulation & analysis of two residential buildingschirag aggarwal
-> Analysed and compared the energy consumption of a residential building modelled using common building materials and specifications used in Delhi for decades to that of modelled by altering the building envelope and the AC system specifications.
-> Used eQUEST software.
This document outlines an approach to developing a soft tool for conducting a life cycle assessment of residential buildings to estimate their environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions. The tool calculates embodied carbon emissions from building materials used in construction and from electricity consumption over the building's 50-year lifespan. Testing on a residential building in Pune, India found total embodied carbon from materials was 748579 kg and from electricity was 4266150 kg over 50 years. The results indicate opportunities to reduce impacts by using sustainable materials and non-conventional energy sources.
Comparative Study on Day Lighting & Energy Modeling For Conventional and Gree...inventionjournals
A green building is a building which consumes less energy, less water and it includes proper waste management system in such a way that it utilizes maximum natural resources without .affecting the future needs. The energy consumption in a conventional building varies based on the person’s metabolic condition, the circulation of fresh air and the intensity of light entering to the building. The absence of fresh air circulation and lack of natural light will lead to intense power consumption in the building. The methodology used here is basically on the working of the three software viz., velux, design builder, and equest. The velux software is used to understand the building day light factor, how the ventilations are provided and to what extent the building is consuming the natural light through these ventilations. A simulation shall be drawn to check colors the lux values inside the building and it shall be done on the basis d considering different colors and designing the building as per latitude and longitude of the building so the results are based on the weather and climatic conditions of the building topography, thermal comfort in the building, metabolic conditions and materials used . Equest software is the software used for the final analysis of the modeled energy building to determine the consumption of the energy and also the annual savings based on the model prepared in the software. The main area is on how to reduce the energy consumption in the building using the natural day light. A study on the modeled building by its appropriate orientation and a cost wise comparison between green and a conventional building are done here. The study is conducted in one of the site located at Mangalore island site for conventional building.
Reliability Study of Punching Shear Design of Column-Slab Connection accordin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the life cycle energy assessment of a 12-year-old, multi-story residential building in Pune, India. It analyzes the energy used during the building's construction, operation, and demolition phases. The study aims to calculate the building's total energy expenditure and carbon footprint. It also explores potential energy efficiency solutions to reduce the building's environmental impact over its lifetime. The methodology involves preliminary analysis, literature review, data collection from the case study building, analysis of findings, and recommendations for improvement.
A STUDY OF LIFE CYCLE ENERGY ASSEMENT OF A MULTI-STORIED RESIDENTIAL BUILDING...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the life cycle energy assessment of a 12-year-old, multi-story residential building in Pune, India. It analyzes the energy used during the building's construction, operation, and demolition phases. The study aims to calculate the building's total energy expenditure and carbon footprint. It also explores potential energy efficient solutions to reduce the building's environmental impact and dependence on natural resources. The methodology involves preliminary analysis, literature review, data collection from the case study building, data analysis, and proposing recommendations.
A Cost Estimation Model For Reuse Based Software ProgramIOSR Journals
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Comparison of classification_techniques_on_energy_naveen700194
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This document summarizes an electrical energy audit conducted at the Nandi Institute of Technology and Management Sciences (NIT&MS) campus in Bangalore, India. The audit found that the total average monthly electrical energy consumption across the campus was 3,842.842 kWh. Personal computers in labs, offices, and libraries accounted for the highest consumption at 39.14% of total usage. Fans were the second highest usage at 21.53%. Recommendations to improve energy efficiency included replacing conventional ballasts with electronic ones, installing motion sensors, replacing CRT monitors with LCDs, and switching to LED lights. Implementing all recommendations could save an estimated 10,435.84 kWh per year and reduce electricity costs by
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Application Design of Embodied Energy Calculation for Building Materials in Indonesia
1. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 1 | P a g e
Application Design of Embodied Energy Calculation for Building
Materials in Indonesia
Yuni Sri Wahyuni*, Dewi Larasati EZR*, Sugeng Triyadi*
*Departement of Architecture, School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi
Bandung (ITB), Indonesia
ABSTRACT
This paper describe software design of embodied energy (EE) calculation for building materials. Materials' EE
is an issue in green building which refers to energy released in building- lifecycle of a material usage. Therefore,
EE value becomes very important in measuring how much energy will be consumed and how environment can
be damaged, since the planning phase of the building. The materials' EE calculation is called Material Unit
Analysis (MUA). It was developed base on Work Unit Price Analysis or AHSP method as a construction
material calculation method in Indonesia. Application design of EE calculation for building materials software
use the flowchart as programming. The main programmes are software and simulation section of EE calculation.
Software section display some function are ; the materials' EE inventory data, unit conversion and input new
materials which is not in EE inventory data. The simulation section could show the materials' EE calculation
results in three display, are in: each material unit, building components or total building. Hopefully, materials' of
EE calculation software application will ease the calculation system. The designers are willing to do the EE
value calculation, and using it as an environmental consideration in the design decisions.
Keywords - Application, Building Material, Calculation, Design, Embodied Energy
I. INTRODUCTION
This paper will decsribe application design
and development the Embodied Energy (EE)
Calculation for building material. EE calculation
software application could make the materials' EE
calculation tool usage easier. It will be encourage
designers to calculate EE material value for their
building planning. It is a mitigation efforts for use no
harm materials for environment in the future.
Development activities were consumed a
large of energy and contribute Emission Carbon
(EC) increasing. It mean would effect to
environment temperature increasing which is called
greenhouse effect. Most country in the world start to
use Clean Develoment Mechanism (CDM)
implementation as global agreement to reduce EC
and make the world greener [1,2]. Energy policy for
building concern to manage the energy efficient, are
; 1) Energy efficient of Building Planning, 2)
Integration of City Planning. Both of all were
support the implementation as energy efficient
building standard and environment friendly [2].
An energy mitigation of building could use
technology aspect as an approach to implement
energy mitigation through EE material calculation of
building. The application was created as application
software and it developed base on Analisis Harga
Satuan Pekerjaan (AHSP) method developing.
Materials' EE value calculation has developed as a
tool to count the EE material value of the object. It
promote for stakeholder to involve as their role and
responsibility to early energy
mitigation. [3]. Material measurement of building
would not figure out of all building energy
consumption, but it would represent for most part of
a large the building energy consumption [4].
1.1 Embodied Energy Analysis
The energy that accompany its activities in
each or total phase of lifecycle building is called
Embodied Energy (EE). EE in buildings represents
the non-renewable energy consumed in the
acquisition of raw materials, their processing,
manufacturing, transportation to site, and
construction. EE has direct energy that used to
transport building products to the site, and then to
construct the building; and indirect energy that used
to acquire, process, and manufacture the building
materials, including any transportation related to
these activities [5].
EE in planning phase will cover all
activities for materials building procurement in pre-
construction phase or called as craddle to the gate
[6]. Materials' EE value was resulted through EE
material calculation process. Most in Indonesia,
construction work planning use AHSP method which
is issued by Badan Standarisasi Nasional (BSN).
AHSP or Work Unit Price Analysis (WUPA) have
some component of construction work, are :
materials, labour and equipment. WUPA will
breakdown all component of construction work as
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 2 | P a g e
Bill of Quantity (BoQ). BoQ consist some
component, are : coefficient, unit, work specification
and work volume. It will through selection process
to find material aspect only as Material Unit
Analysis (MUA) method as describe in Figure 1
below. The material aspect consist are ; coefficient,
unit, material specification and material volume. The
material is known as static component but others as
dinamic component in construction work [7]. All of
the material selected process is described as seen in
Figure 1 below.
Fig. 1
The material aspect is described in material
specification and material volume as seen in Table 1
below.
Table 1.
Coefficient Unit Material
Specifica
-tion
Material
Volume
70 unit Brick Suitable for
each building
unit
18,95 Kg Portland
Cement
0.038 m3
Sand
MUA method calculate materials' EE value.
It could be used for count singular material or total
material of the building. First, breakdown material
specification of building and list the material
specification. Materials' EE calculation model will
process each material building for material volume.
There was various material unit and it need to
convert into energy unit by materials' EE value unit
(EE = MJ/Kg). materials' EE calculation by MUA
method need the Inventory of EE Material Data to
complete EE material value of building/object. It
refer to credible sources is like Inventory of Carbon
and Energy (ICE) which is issued by Bath
University, United Kingdom [8]. The ICE that used
by many institution all over the world [4].
1.2 Energy Unit Conversion
MUA resulting for various unit in wall
component work per m2
. It desribe as seen in Table
1 above. All of material building referred to EE
Material Inventory Data and will found that some
specification material has not materials' EE value yet
[8]. In spite, there were some various unit have to
change to same unit. All of EE material value which
is have mass unit or energy unit do not have to
change but the other have to change it.
MUA have concern to material
unit/component building because it has various unit
for each material specification in the object. Material
unit have to convert to energy unit for calculation
easily. The conversion process of material unit
through all material unit converting process and
result in kilogram (kg). It will ease EE material
calculation in energy unit (EE = MJ/kg). The
ilustration of conversion process to energy unit
(MJ/Kg), e.g. MUA result showed the data volume
wood material of the object in m3
. The wood
material unit would convert into kilogram (kg). The
basic formula of volume (m3
) = mass (kg) /
specification mass of wood (kg/m3
). The formula of
mass (kg) = volume (m3
) * specification mass of
wood (kg/m3
). So, mass of wood in the object will
result in kilogram base on number of material
volume. The result of the mass of wood material =
xx kg. Kg have equal with Newton.meter (N.m).
N.m should divide by per 10 kg to equal with 1
Joule. Then, Joule could be convert to MJ/kg with
divided by 1000. It is called Singular Material
Calculation Method [9].
List of Symbols
M
J
Kg
m3
N
m
Mass of materials
Unit of energy
Unit of mass
Unit of volume
Unit of force
Unit of lenght
II. SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING DESIGN
OF EMBODIED ENERGY CALCULATION
Materials' EE calculation would develope
as application base on web. Its processing requires a
programming and design application. This
application use a simple programming as a flowchart
for materials' EE calculation base on computer
application. The outline sequence for the work as
input-process-output as diagram form. It describe all
process step by step of operation system in computer
[10, 11]. Flowchart of EE calculation for building
material as seen in Figure 2 below.
3. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 3 | P a g e
Start
Work Unit Price
Analysis
Material Unit
Analysis and
Specification
Material
Specification
Data which has
converted into
EE unit
EE Material
Inventory Data
from ICE
EE Material Inventory
Process for Building/
Objectg (1st)
EE Material Inventory
Process for Building
(2nd)
EE Material Unit
which has not in
ICE yet
Counted by
Manually
has not yet in
ICE
has yet in ICE
End
Fig. 2
To create a software application have to follow all
phase in design application :
1) Flowchart as programming showed the first
concern for data storage of materials' EE value
as important thing in process.
2) Second, all of material unit conversion to
energy unit is done. In this case, the materials'
EE material calculation model ready to process
in programming system by flowchart.
3) The process refer to every step and then stored
in data storage.
4) The flowchart illustrated how the model
development an operating system in the
application of EE material calculation.
5) The calculation applied a mathematical model
to clarify the operating system was built.
6) Then use operating system as input-process-
output.
Start
Material Unit
Analysis
EE Material
Inventory Data
of Building/
Object
EE Material Value
Calculation by Material
Unit Anaysis (MUA)
for Building/Object
MUA Result base on
EE value of Material
Specification
End
1. Coeffiecient
2. Material Unit
3. Material Volume
MUA Result base on
EE value of Total
Building
MUA Result base on EE
value of Component
Building
Fig. 3
Flowchart describe the EE material value
result and will divide into three option, are ; 1) result
of specification material, 2) result of component
building, 3) result of total building. The options
could be choiced if it necessary.
The application will need data input one by
one manually, then computer application will do
calculation process once, and finally will show the
result in three option which needed by user. EE
Material Model Calculation as shown in Figure 3.
III. APPLICATION DESIGN OF EMBODIED
ENERGY CALCULATION
3.1 Dialogue Design
Each sections of flowchart are
interconnected and constructed sequentially. It
started by input data, the calculation process and
finally output are displayed. All sections must be
link each other and operating system that will be
recognized by programming. This dialogue where
each part is illustrated clearly and order as Chart
Dialogue Design has shown in Figure 4 below.
4. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 4 | P a g e
EE Material
Introduction
Start
Simulation
Software
Contact
New Material
Input
EE Material
Inventory Data
Calculator
Material
Conversion
Logout
EE Value of
Material
Specification
EE Material
Input of
Object
EE Value of
Component
Building
EE Value of
Total Building
Logout
Website Email Logout
Logout
Fig. 4.
The Chart Design Management Views as seen in
Figure 5.
Opening File
Introduction File
Loading Sound and
Home File
Display Together
Choiced Menu File
Software File
Simulation File
Contact File
Result
EE value of Material Specification
EE value of Component Building
EE value of Total Building
Fig. 5.
3.2 Layout Design View by Applications
Materials' EE calculation application view
is made simple for the features as well as summaries
that are considered important. In the layout of the
Layout Design View as shown in Figure 6.
5. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 5 | P a g e
MAIN TITTLE
MENU
LOGOUT
INSTITUTION
LOGO
1. OPENING FILE
SUB TITTLE
MENU
LOGOUT
PICTURES AND INTRODUCTION
2. INTRODUCTION FILE
SUB TITTLE MENU
LOGOUT
3. SOFTWARE FILE
ICON
ICON
ICON
ICON
SUB TITTLE
MENU
LOGOUT
ICON
4. SIMULATION FILE
ICON ICON ICON
SUB TITTLE
MENU
LOGOUT
5. CONTACT FILE
ICON ICON
Fig. 6.
3.3 View Display by Application
Views display by application create in five
section and interconneted by menu button. First, user
should know the name of website which have EE
material calculation application. It will be at
http://ar.itb.ac.id/gbrc/eec. Section 1 display the
opening section and show MAIN PROGRAM and
its atributes are like logo institution, features icon
and some figures. Icon consists of Home,
Introduction, Basic Calculation (software),
Simulation, and Contact. Home inform what the
features can be seen on this section. Icons will
clicked by user to go the the feature or program. In
every page will appear home and logout icon.
Opening Section as shown in Figure 7.
The important section in this application are
Software Section (Figure 8) and Simulation Section
(Figure 9). Both as core of application which is
calculating process or result display.
6. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 6 | P a g e
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8
Fig.9
Simulation Section (Figure 8) have four
icon, and each button has each program, are ; input
data, input new inventory data, calculator, unit
conversion. User could input data one by one and
follow the form in this icon. Data will sent and save
in data storage, ready for calculating by program.
User could input data of new material which is not in
the list of inventory EE material data. User input
new data one by one and follow the form in this
icon. Data will sent and save in data storage.
Operator will check the new data and process it.
User could use the new data if it was in inventory
EE material in application.
Simulation section (Figure 9). This is a
core program in application. The page have four
icon, and each button has each program, are ; Unit
EE Material Input data, EE Material Specification,
EE Material Building Component, Total EE Material
Building. First icon is Unit EE Material Input data to
input material data of object which will calculate. It
is a simulation of EE material calculation with an ob
object. The next icon have fuction to display result
of EE material calculation for an object. It will
shown in three result display type, are ; 1) as
material specification list and each EE material
value in volume, 2) as building component and its
volume, and 3) as total material building volume. As
seen in Figure 10 (a-c) below.
(a) Display of each material specification
and its EE value
(b) Display of each material volume of building
component and sub-total EE value
(c) Display of total EE value for building / object
3.4 Result of EE Material Calculation
Application
The EE calculation application was early
development. The application should to be tested
and checked error system. This application is not as
easy as planned at the beginning. The test found that
conversion process for material cannot did
automaticly. Material unit have to convert as
7. Yuni Sri Wahyuni. et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application. www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 11, ( Part -6) November 2016, pp.01-07
www.ijera.com 7 | P a g e
singular material unit and result some numeric as
consequence of conversion process. The conversion
process must through a special process and is not
connected with the operating system of EE material
calculation model. When it connected will face
many various unit and built as the simple operating
system not.
The obstacle in using in the Inventory EE
material. EE material Inventory data is expected to
cover all the user requirement. EE material data
source refer to the ICE, UK, in spite, the terms of the
materials used are different in Indonesia terms. It
must make adjustments to the terms commonly used
in BSN, to allow user find the necessary data.
Completeness of data can be performed manually by
the operator only. When there is new material input,
new EE material value should be a special process
that is not connected with the operating system of
EE material calculations application. The main
problem in this calculation system is material
conversion to energy unit in obtain a more
comprehensive EE inventory data. This application
should have complete EE material value more to
cover all building type.
In the next development, the obstacles of
operating system application of EE material
calculation shoud be repair. The input-process-
output should make operator and user could do
easily. Furthermore, this application should develop
as an integrated application with other requirement,
e.g costing calculation. There is many possibility to
develop this application to respon user's
requirement.
IV. CONCLUSION
This paper presents the software design of
materials' EE calculation base on computer
application. The application used simple flowchart
as programming and have materials' EE inventory
data collecting. The final result divided into 3
choices of EE material value displaying, are ; 1) as
material specification list and each EE material
value in volume, 2) as building component and its
volume, and 3) as total material building value in
volume.
Next, this computer application should
develope base on android system. The aim of
software application development is to ease
materilas' EE calculation by user. Hopefully, user
encouraged to contribute EE material decreasing in
their project. This application should develop as an
integrated application with other requirement, e.g
costing calculation.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was supported by Inovative
Research. Grant of Research and Community
Service Institution (LPPM-ITB). We'd like to thank
to Green Building Research Centre-Institut
Teknologi Bandung (GBRC-ITB) as companion in
this research.
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