also watch on youtube channel https://youtu.be/GscDhASnVNYAngara disease also known as hydropericardium syndrome is a viral disease. in this ppt you may found etiology, history, epizootiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, postmortem lesions, diagnosis and preventive meausre

1. Poultry pathology
Dr Abid Sargani

2. Hydro pericardium syndrome
• Also called Angara Disease
• Hydro-pericardium hepatitis syndrome
• Leechi disease
• Hydro-pericardium pulmonary oedema
cum hepato-nephrosis complex

3. History
 Late 1987 in Karachi first time in Angara Goth
 Early 1988 , in Faisalabad
 Now spread all over the Pakistan
 Other countries India, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait
and Latin America etc.

4. Aetiology
 Avian Adenovirus serotype-4
 Characteristics:
 DNA, non-enveloped
 Serotypes: K31/89, a new Pakistan isolate
 Round cell type cytopathic effects on chicken
embryo liver cells 12-16 hours after inoculation

5. Epizootiology
 Def. The science concerned with the
factors involved in the occurrence and
spread of animal diseases
 Susceptible host
 Broiler and broiler breeder flocks
 Heavy strains of white leghorn
sometimes affected
 Coloured heavy breeds of the
chicken are also susceptible

6. O Transmission
a. Between flocks: Not known
b. Within flock: faeces
c. Vertical transmission yes
d. Experimental transmission proven using
affected liver homogenate
Epizootology

7. O Factors influencing susceptibility
1. Age specificity
 Highly pathogenic for day old chicks causing > 80 % mortality
 Most susceptible age of outbreak is 3-6 wks (may be 15 days to 10 wks)
2. No sex predisposition
3. Overcrowding
4. Hepatotoxins or mycotoxins ?
5. Stress ?
6. High infection pressure
Epizootology

8. Pathogenesis
Ingestion from faeces
Viraemia causes hepatitis,
pericarditis, and kidney
damage
Damage to blood
vessels of pericardium
and thrombosis
Hydropericardium and
pulmonary oedema due fluid
exudation
Sudden death due to
heart and lung failure

9. Clinical Signs
 Chalk gray white to greenish-yellow mucoid
droppings
 Morbidity not much
 Jaundice in some birds(yellow comb and wattles)
 Sudden onset of mortality which starts in 3rd or 4th
wk, peaks in 4-5 days & subsides during the next 4-5
d
 Mortality varies between 5-50%
 Course of disease is 10-15 days

10. Postmortem lesions
1. Congested (febrile) carcass
sometimes
2. Pericardial sac
 Itself membranous and transparent
 Pericardial fluid increased from 5-18 ml
 Color of fluid vary from clear light yellow,
straw colored to serosanguinous
 Non clotted fluid becomes gelatinous upon
exposure to air and its protein content is
1.0-1.8g/dl

11. 3. Heart mis-shapped
4. Congested liver, enlarged and fragile earlier, pale icteric with
massive necrosis (Hepatitis) late
5. Pulmonary oedema (sunken lungs) in about 50% cases
6. Kidneys mostly pale may or may not be swollen, sometimes
hemorrhages. Urates in ureters
7. S/C and other body fat yellow
8. Mucoid enteritis
9. Bursa may atrophied
10. Spleen sometimes involved may be swollen or atrophied
11. Pale bone marrow esp. in icteric birds
Postmortem lesions

12. Disease Diagnosis
 Gross and histopathological changes
in the liver
 Serological tests, such as
 Agar gel immuno-diffusion,
 Counter immuno-electrophoresis,
 Indirect haem-agglutination,
 The fluorescent antibody technique,
 Enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay
 And the polymerase chain reaction

15. Prevention
 Live and attenuated vaccines available
but not satisfactory control
 Hygienic handling and biosecurity are
suggestive control measures

16. THANK YOU!
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