Android is an open source, Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices. It uses Java and C/C++ and has gone through many version updates over time, named after sweet treats in alphabetical order. The Android architecture includes layers like the Linux kernel, HAL, Android runtime, and more. Android Studio is the official IDE for Android development, providing tools like an emulator, debugger and layout editor.

1. DEVELOPMENT Made by-
Rhitik (BCA 2nd

2. What Is Android?
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the
Linux kernel and other open source software, designed primarily for
touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
• Platforms: 64 and 32-bit ARM, x86 and x86-64, unofficial RISC-
V support
• Initial release date: 23 September 2008
• Update method: OTA
• Default user interface: Graphical user interface (Multi-touch)
• OS family: Unix-like (modified Linux kernel)
• Written in: Java, C, XML, Assembly language, Python, Shell
script, Go, Make, D
• Developer: Google, Baidu, Andy Rubin, Open Handset

3. Android versions
1. Android 1.0 (2008)
2. Android 1.5 Cupcake (2009)
3. Android 1.6 Donut (2009)
4. Android 2.0 Eclair (2009)
5. Android 2.2 Froyo (2010)
6. Android 2.3 Gingerbread (2010)
7. Android 3.0 Honeycomb (2011)
8. Android 4.0 Ice-Cream Sandwich (2011)
9. Android 4.1 Jelly Bean (2012)
10. Android 4.4 KitKat (2013)
11. Android 5.0 Lollipop (2014)
12. Android 6.0 Marshmallow (2015)
13. Android 7.0 Nougat (2016)
14. Android 8.0 Oreo (2017)
15. Android 9.0 Pie (2018)
16. Android 10 Quince Tart (2019)
17. Android 11 Red Velvet Cake (2020) (latest stable version)
18. Android 12 Snow Cone (Preview release)

4. What is Android Architecture?
• Android is a mobile operating system that is based on a modified
version of Linux, has a number of layers, and each layer groups
together several programs and it’s categorized into six parts:
A. The Linux Kernel
B. Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
C. Android Runtime
D. Native C/C++ Libraries
E. Java API Framework
F. System Apps

5. Android
Architecture

6. Android
Activity Life
Cycle

8. What is android studio?
Android Studio is the official integrated
development environment for Google's Android
operating system, built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA
software and designed specifically for Android
development.
Developers: Google, JetBrains
Size: 912MB
Stable release: 4.2.2 / 30 June 2021; 2 months ago
Operating system: Windows, macOS, Linux, Chrome OS
Preview release: Bumblebee (2021.1.1) Canary 9 (August 23, 2021; 28 days
ago)
Written in: Java, Kotlin and C++

9. Layo
ut

10. Features
• Visual layout editor
• APK Analyzer
• Fast emulator
• Intelligent code editor
• Flexible build system
• Realtime profilers

11. System requirements
Windows
• 64-bit Microsoft®
Windows® 8/10
• x86_64 CPU
architecture; 2nd
generation Intel Core
or newer, or AMD
CPU with support for
a Windows
Hypervisor
• 8 GB RAM or more
• 8 GB of available disk
space minimum (IDE
+ Android SDK +
Android Emulator)
• 1280 x 800 minimum
screen resolution
Mac
• MacOS® 10.14 (Mojave)
or higher
• ARM-based chips, or
2nd generation Intel
Core or newer with
support
for Hypervisor.Framewo
rk
• 8 GB RAM or more
• 8 GB of available disk
space minimum (IDE +
Android SDK + Android
Emulator)
• 1280 x 800 minimum
screen resolution
Linux
• Any 64-bit Linux distribution
that supports Gnome, KDE,
or Unity DE; GNU C Library
(glibc) 2.31 or later.
• x86_64 CPU architecture;
2nd generation Intel Core or
newer, or AMD processor
with support for AMD
Virtualization (AMD-V) and
SSSE3
• 8 GB RAM or more
• 8 GB of available disk space
minimum (IDE + Android
SDK + Android Emulator)
• 1280 x 800 minimum screen
resolution
Chrome OS
• 8 GB RAM or more
recommended
• 4 GB of available disk
space minimum
• 1280 x 800 minimum
screen resolution
• Intel i5 or higher (U
series or higher)
recommended

12. Android
Emulator
• Android Emulator is used to run,
debug and test the android
application. If you don't have the
real device, it can be the best way
to run, debug and test the
application.
• It uses an open source processor
emulator technology called
QEMU.

13. Advantages:
• Simulates both software and hardware
• App runs unmodified
• Helps you find unexpected behaviour
• Free and open source
• It is a fairly inexpensive solution
Disadvantages:
• Mobile device emulators are very slow
• Increases the ram requirement for android app development (4GB)
• A mobile device emulator doesn’t take into consideration factors like battery
overheating/drainage or conflicts with other apps
• They may be incompatible with the app or app elements, meaning that you will need to
create patches here and there to keep on using the emulator
• Emulators may support only certain OS versions
• No support for USB connections, SD card, Bluetooth, camera/video capture (input), etc.

14. References
• https://developer.android.com/
• https://saucelabs.com/blog/mobile-device-emulator-and-simulator-
vs-real-device
• https://weave.in/android-version-names-a-to-z/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)

15. Thank You