2. What is Android
Android is a Linux-based operating system for mobile
devices such as smart phones and tablet computers,
developed by Google in conjunction with the Open
Handset Alliance. The first Android-powered phone
was sold in October 2008
3. Andriod
Android was initially developed by Android Inc, whom Google
financially backed and later purchased in 2005. The unveiling
of the Android distribution in 2007 was announced with the
founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of
86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies
devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices
4. Google releases the Android code as open-source, under
the Apache License. The Android Open Source Project (AOSP)
is tasked with the maintenance and further development of
Android. Additionally, Android has a large community of
developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the
functionality of devices. Developers write primarily in a
customized version of Java, and apps can be downloaded
from online stores such as Google Play .
Android
5. Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October
2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White to develop, in
Rubin's words "...smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its
owner's location and preferences“
6. Google acquisition of Android
http://eglobiotraining.com/android
Google acquired Android Inc. on August 17, 2005, making
Android Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of Google. Key
employees of Android Inc., including Andy Rubin, Rich
Miner and Chris White, stayed at the company after the
acquisition.] Not much was known about Android Inc. at
the time of the acquisition, but many assumed that Google
was planning to enter the mobile phone market with this
move.
7. At Google, the team led by
Rubin developed a mobile
device platform powered by
the Linux kernel. Google
marketed the platform to
handset makers
and carriers on the promise
of providing a flexible,
upgradable system. Google
had lined up a series of
hardware component and
software partners and
signaled to carriers that it
was open to various
degrees of cooperation on
their part.
(http://eglobiotraining.com/
android)
8. Rich Miner is an investment
partner on the Google
Ventures team. Miner
joined the Google Ventures
team in March, 2009 and is
based out of Cambridge,
MA. Before joining Google
Ventures, Miner was a
former co-founder of
Android, Inc., origin of
the Android mobile
operating system and was
an executive on the Android
team after its acquisition
by Google
(http://eglobiotraining.com/
android)
9. The Android Open Source Project
(AOSP) is led by Google, and is tasked
with the maintenance and
development of Android According to
the project "The goal of the Android
Open Source Project is to create a
successful real-world product that
improves the mobile experience for
end users." AOSP also maintains
the Android Compatibility Program,
defining an "Android compatible"
device "as one that can run any
application written by third-party
developers using the Android
SDK and NDK", to prevent
incompatible Android
implementations.
10. Version History
The version history of the Android operating
system began with the release of the Android beta in
November 2007. The first commercial version,
Android 1.0, was released in September 2008.
Android is a mobile operating system developed
by Google and the Open Handset Alliance, and has
seen a number of updates to its base operating
system since its original release
(http://eglobiotraining.com/android).
11. Version history of Android
http://eglobiotraining.com/android
Each version after "Astro" and "Bender" is named in
alphabetical order after a dessert or sugary treat, with 1.5
"Cupcake" being the first and every update since following this
naming convention.
• Android 1.0 Astro
• Android 1.1 Bender
• Android 1.5 Cupcake
• Android 1.6 Donut
• Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair
• Android 2.2 Froyo
• Android 2.3 Gingerbread
• Android 3.x Honeycomb
• Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich
• Android 4.1 Jelly Bean
12. Android 1.0 Astro
Android 1.0 is the first commercial version of the
software, was released on September 23, 2008. This
release was robot-related codename, "Astro“.
(http://eglobiotraining.com/android)
13. Android 1.1 Bender
On February 9, 2009, the Android 1.1 update was
released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Like 1.0,
this release continued the robot naming theme,
with "Bender" . The update resolved bugs,
changed the API and added a number of features
(http://eglobiotraining.com/android)
14. Android 1.5 Cupcake
On April 30, 2009, the
Android 1.5 update was
released, based on Linux
kernel 2.6.27. This was the
first release to use a name
based on a dessert
"Cupcake", a theme which
would be used for all
releases henceforth. The
update included several new
features and UI amendments
(http://eglobiotraining.com/
android)
15. Android 1.6
Donut
On September 15, 2009,
the Android 1.6 SDK –
dubbed Donut – was
released, based on
Linux kernel 2.6.29
(http://eglobiotraining.c
om/android)
16. Android 2.0/2.1
Eclair
On October 26, 2009,
the Android 2.0 SDK –
codenamed Eclair – was
released, based on
Linux kernel 2.6.29
(http://eglobiotraining.co
m/android).
17. Android 2.2.x Froyo
On May 20, 2010, the
Android 2.2 Froyo SDK was
released, based on Linux
kernel 2.6.32.
Google's Nexus One was
the first smart phone to
receive Android 2.2 Froyo.
(http://eglobiotraining.co
m/android).
18. Android 2.3.x Gingerbread
On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3
(Gingerbread) SDK was released,
based on Linux kernel 2.6.35
(http://eglobiotraining.com/android).
19. Android 3.x Honeycomb
On February 22, 2011, the Android 3.0
(Honeycomb) SDK – the first tablet-only Android
update – was released, based on Linux kernel
2.6.36. The first device featuring this version, the
Motorola Xoom tablet, was released on February
24, 2011 (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)
20. Android 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich
The SDK for Android 4.0.1 (Ice
Cream Sandwich), based on
Linux kernel 3.0.1, was
publicly released on October
19, 2011. Google's Gabe
Cohen stated that Android 4.0
was "theoretically
compatible" with any Android
2.3.x device in production at
that time
(http://eglobiotraining.com/a
ndroid)
21. Android 4.1.x Jelly Bean
On June 27, 2012, at the Google
I/O conference, Google
announced Android 4.1 (Jelly
Bean). Based on Linux kernel
3.1.10, Jelly Bean is an
incremental update with the
primary aim of improving the
user interface, both in terms of
functionality and performance
(http://eglobiotraining.com/and
roid).
