This document discusses class divisions in Wales and how Agatha Christie represented class in her work "And Then There Were None". It argues that beneath Wales' imagery as a unified nation, it remains complex and divided along linguistic, financial, political, geographic, cultural and spatial lines. Since 1980, the gap between rich and poor in Wales has widened and social/spatial polarization has increased. The document analyzes how Christie denoted characters' class through aspects like carriage, holidays, profession, geography/ethnicity, possessions, and servitude. It ultimately suggests that the character of Justice Wargrave in the story accumulated different types of capital that gave him the power to judge and murder the others.

1. And then there were none:
Agatha Christie and Class
Dr Dawn Mannay
School of Social Sciences
Cardiff University
ManayDI@cardiff.ac.uk

2. Millennium Stadium

3. Wales’s Beautiful Game
 Symbolic source of unified Welshness
 Powerfully unites a nation
 Engenders a sense of national identity
 Classlessness

4. Complex and Divided Land
 Mackay (2010) argues, the
distinctiveness of Wales, in terms of its
political life and culture, has grown
considerably over the last decade.
Nevertheless, beneath the imagery of
the definitive nation, Wales remains a
complex and divided land

5. Divided Wales
 Linguistic
 Financial
 Political
 Geographical
 Cultural
 Spatial

6. Measuring Divides
 Between 1945 and 1980 the income
differential between individuals in Wales
narrowed- since 1980 the gap between
rich and poor has widened (Evans 2010)
 Increase in social and spatial polarisation
 Divide through geographical distribution
 ‘Los Angelization’ of socio-economic
terrain demonstrated in the creation of
new ghettos of prosperity and poverty

7. Visibility of Class for Christie
 Railway carriage
 Holidays
 Profession
 Geography and Ethnicity
 Possessions
 Servitude

8. Class and Carriage
 Class is denoted by carriage

9. Mr Justice Wargrave 1st Class

10. Vera Claythorne 3rd Class

11. Bourdieu, distinction and Skeggy
 Miss Brent of Justice Wargrave – ‘quite
unlike the usual type of man in seaside
guest houses’

12. Profession
 Vera – ‘I’m Mrs Owen’s secretary’
 Lombard – ‘Just imperceptibly his
manner changed. It was slightly more
assured’

13. Geography and Ethnicity
 Davis – natal South African faces
snobbery about colonials
 Vera – 20 deaths – ‘they were only
natives’

14. Veblen – Conspicuous Consumption
 Narcott of Anthony Marston – ‘what a
car!... Born to money he was’

15. Rank, file and servitude
 Rogers
 Hoax
 Clears the table
 Wife murdered
 Makes breakfast
 Lombard – ‘wonderful animal the good
servant… carries on with an impassive
countenance’

16. In the end…
 Justice Wargrave – ‘a very distinguished
old gentleman’
 Economic capital, social capital, cultural
capital, symbolic capital
 Power to Judge
 Capitals for murder
 And then there was one