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1. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF LLC RESONANT CONVERTERS WITH CAPACITOR–
DIODE CLAMP CURRENT LIMITING
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a design methodology for LLC resonant converters with capacitor–
diode clamp for current limiting in overload conditions. A new fundamental harmonic
approximation-based equivalent circuit model is obtained through the application of describing
function techniques, by examining the fundamental behavior of the capacitor–diode clamp. An
iterative procedure to determine the conduction point of the diode clamp is also given. The
behavior of this type of converter is analyzed and guidelines for designing the current limiting
characteristics are discussed. The characterization of a 90 W converter design using the proposed
methodology is presented. The converter voltage gain and the voltage–current characteristics
under different overload conditions and operating frequencies are predicted using the proposed
model, which accuracies are validated against the prototype with good correlation.