This document provides information about Donald Knuth's computer programming work, the TeX and LaTeX typesetting systems, and how to use LaTeX. It discusses that Knuth created TeX as a typesetting system to create beautiful documents and avoid typographical issues. It then explains that Leslie Lamport built upon TeX to create LaTeX, a document preparation system used for medium to large technical and scientific documents. The document concludes by giving examples of LaTeX commands for formatting text, sections, mathematics, and more.

2. A computer programme
created by
Donald E Knuth

3. Donald E Knuth
(born January 10, 1938)
Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming
At Stanford University

5. Volume 1 - Fundamental Algorithms
Chapter 1 - Basic concepts
Chapter 2 - Information structures
Volume 2 - Seminumerical Algorithms
Chapter 3 – Random Numbers
Chapter 4 - Arithmetic
Volume 3 - Sorting and Searching
Chapter 5 – Sorting
Chapter 6 - Searching

9. TeX is a typesetting system
intended for the creation of
beautiful documents.

10. Type‐setting : some issues
Follow the conventions of the finest
printers in the world.
Avoiding orphans and widows

11. An orphaned line, highlighted in yellow,
appearing at the bottom of a page.

12. A widowed line, highlighted in yellow,
appearing at the top of a page.

13. Writing guides, such as the Chicago
Manual of Style, suggest that a
manuscript should have no widows and
orphans even when avoiding them
results in additional space at the bottom
of a page or column.

14. Type‐setting : some issues
Inter‐letter spacing
Inter‐word spacing
Inter‐line spacing
Spacing in mathematics

15. Type‐setting : some issues
Hyphenation : For e.g. , consider the‐
rapist for therapist.

17. Leslie Lamport, the creator of LaTeX

18. • LaTeX pronounced as Lah‐tek, or Lay‐tek
• A typesetting program, not a word‐
processor
• Current version : LaTeX2ε
• Designed for producing beautiful books,
theses, papers, articles...
• De facto standard for writing academic
papers
• Based on TeX

19. LaTeX is a document preparation system
for high‐quality typesetting.
It is most often used for medium‐to‐large
technical or scientific documents.
It can be used for almost any form of
publishing.

20. LaTeX is not a word processor!
LaTeX encourages authors
not to worry about the appearance
of their documents
but to worry about content.

21. A test document to learn LaTeX
V N Krishnachandran
19 February 2010
Hello world!
To create a document like the one above …

22. documentclass{article}
title{A test document to learn LaTeX}
author{V N Krishnachandran}
date{19 February 2010}
begin{document}
maketitle
Hello world!
end{document}
Create a text file like the one above and compile…

23. This document is an article.
Its title is A test document to learn LaTeX.
Its author is V N Krishnachandran.
It was written in 19 February 2010.
The document consists of a title followed by the
text Hello world!
What the text file means …

24. How To Run LaTeX
• Create a text file with extension .tex, say
myfile.tex
• Compile myfile : latex myfile.tex
This makes a file with extension .dvi
• View the dvi file : xdvi myfile.dvi
: yap myfile
• Dvi ‐‐> PostScript : dvips myfile.dvi
This creates a file with extension .ps
• View PostScript : gv myfile (UNIX)
: Use gsview

25. pdfLaTeX
An extension of TeX which can be configured
to directly generate PDF documents instead
of DVI. All current TeX distributions including
TeX live, MacTeX and MiKTeX include pdfTeX
(Plain TeX) and pdfLaTeX (LaTeX).

26. Features
Typesetting journal articles, technical reports,
books, and slide presentations.
Control over large documents containing
sectioning, cross‐references, tables and figures.
Typesetting of complex mathematical formulas.

27. Features
Automatic generation of bibliographies and
indexes.
Multi‐lingual typesetting.
Inclusion of artwork, and process or spot
colour.

28. Document Class
documentclass[options]{class}
options = a4paper,
11pt, 12pt, 10pt,
twocolumn, landscape,...
class = article, report, book,...
Sample commands

29. Start with begin{document}
End with end{document}
Typesetting Text
or newline and newpage
Bold textbf{……………} or bf
Italics emph{…………} or textit{………} or it
Underline underline{…………} or ul
Sample commands

30. Sections
section{…} = 1. Latex is Great
subsection{…} = 1.1 Why Great
subsubsection{…} = 1.1.1 Reason One
chapter{…} ‐ To be used with book and report
Titles, authors and footnotes
title{…}
author{…}
footnote{…}
maketitle Display Title and Author
tableofcontents Generates TOC
Sample commands

31. Numbered listing
begin{enumerate}
item Apple
item Orange
end{enumerate}
Sample commands

32. Font sizes
tiny scriptsize footnotesize
small normalsize large
Large LARGE huge
Huge
Sample commands

33. Mathematical expressions ….
Sample commands

34. begin{center}
$$
y=frac{a^3+2c_{x}}{1+sqrt{b_{x}}}
$$
vspace{0.2in}
$$
Q=sum_{i=1}^{j}int_{mu}^{infty}f(x_{j})dx
$$
vspace{0.2in}
$$
Psi = oint_{- infty}^ {infty}f_{xy} ({frac{partial
Qx}{partial Qy}})^{Im_{pi}^ prime}
$$
end{center}
Text in input file…
Sample commands

35. Happy TeXing …