Compared with general commercial reverse logistics operators, the recovery and treatment of expired drugs and medical waste is a complex and highly technically difficult project. The qualifications required by the relevant service providers are also more stringent. For medical institutions, the selection of reverse logistics operators is always a critical issue. On the perspective of sustainability, this paper aims to investigate and explore the critical factors of selecting a medical reverse logistics service provider. Through the process of the Delphi method, the experts’ assessments were collected, and 24 factors affecting the selection of medical reverse logistics service provider were screened and summarized. Then, Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) was employed to calculate the total influence values and net influence values between factors that could be used to draw the visual causal map. Referring the causal map, “Green process operation level” and “Recycling process greening degree” are significantly higher than other factors in terms of total influence value and net influence value. Therefore, they can be regarded as crucial factors. This finding implies that medical reverse logistics providers must have the ability to improve the greening of facilities, as well as equipment, integrating existing processes to make it greener and environmentally friendly.
With the continuous development and application of modern logistics technology, logistics cost has become one of the important factors of enterprise competition. For the special field of cold chain logistics distribution, cost control is particularly critical. By studying the control method of cold chain distribution cost, this paper introduces how to reasonably optimize the distribution cost while effectively controlling the distribution cost so as to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. This paper sorts out the relevant theoretical overview and conceptual analysis and analyses the current situation of cold chain distribution cost control in logistics companies. Then, the existing logistics cost control system is evaluated, and the hierarchical analysis method and model comprehensive evaluation method are used to analyse the current control system score and problems that require additional attention and find the cause of the problem. Finally, rectification suggestions are put forward to improve distribution costs to enhance the competitive strength of enterprises.
Evaluation and Analysis of Carbon Emission Efficiency of Logistics Industry i...ijtsrd
As Chinas Capital Economic Circle , the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region has an important strategic position. Carbon emission efficiency can be understood as the ratio of the unit of carbon emissions generated to the economic cost invested, and under normal conditions, carbon emission efficiency improvement means that the production cost is reduced while the carbon emission is kept unchanged or the existing production input base is maintained. Improving carbon efficiency is conducive to the sustainable development of the logistics industry. Based on the 2010 2020 panel data, this paper uses the emission coefficient method to calculate the carbon emissions of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region from 2010 to 2020, takes the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region as the evaluation index, constructs a super SBM model to measure the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, and then evaluates and analyzes the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. The results show that the overall carbon emission efficiency in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region shows a slow upward trend, and there is more room for improvement, and finally according to the above conclusions, suggestions such as establishing green values, formulating reasonable policies and optimizing management systems are put forward. Yushou Han | Haochen Nong "Evaluation and Analysis of Carbon Emission Efficiency of Logistics Industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59980.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/59980/evaluation-and-analysis-of-carbon-emission-efficiency-of-logistics-industry-in-beijingtianjinhebei-region/yushou-han
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Compared with general commercial reverse logistics operators, the recovery and treatment of expired drugs and medical waste is a complex and highly technically difficult project. The qualifications required by the relevant service providers are also more stringent. For medical institutions, the selection of reverse logistics operators is always a critical issue. On the perspective of sustainability, this paper aims to investigate and explore the critical factors of selecting a medical reverse logistics service provider. Through the process of the Delphi method, the experts’ assessments were collected, and 24 factors affecting the selection of medical reverse logistics service provider were screened and summarized. Then, Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) was employed to calculate the total influence values and net influence values between factors that could be used to draw the visual causal map. Referring the causal map, “Green process operation level” and “Recycling process greening degree” are significantly higher than other factors in terms of total influence value and net influence value. Therefore, they can be regarded as crucial factors. This finding implies that medical reverse logistics providers must have the ability to improve the greening of facilities, as well as equipment, integrating existing processes to make it greener and environmentally friendly.
With the continuous development and application of modern logistics technology, logistics cost has become one of the important factors of enterprise competition. For the special field of cold chain logistics distribution, cost control is particularly critical. By studying the control method of cold chain distribution cost, this paper introduces how to reasonably optimize the distribution cost while effectively controlling the distribution cost so as to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. This paper sorts out the relevant theoretical overview and conceptual analysis and analyses the current situation of cold chain distribution cost control in logistics companies. Then, the existing logistics cost control system is evaluated, and the hierarchical analysis method and model comprehensive evaluation method are used to analyse the current control system score and problems that require additional attention and find the cause of the problem. Finally, rectification suggestions are put forward to improve distribution costs to enhance the competitive strength of enterprises.
Evaluation and Analysis of Carbon Emission Efficiency of Logistics Industry i...ijtsrd
As Chinas Capital Economic Circle , the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region has an important strategic position. Carbon emission efficiency can be understood as the ratio of the unit of carbon emissions generated to the economic cost invested, and under normal conditions, carbon emission efficiency improvement means that the production cost is reduced while the carbon emission is kept unchanged or the existing production input base is maintained. Improving carbon efficiency is conducive to the sustainable development of the logistics industry. Based on the 2010 2020 panel data, this paper uses the emission coefficient method to calculate the carbon emissions of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region from 2010 to 2020, takes the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region as the evaluation index, constructs a super SBM model to measure the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, and then evaluates and analyzes the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. The results show that the overall carbon emission efficiency in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region shows a slow upward trend, and there is more room for improvement, and finally according to the above conclusions, suggestions such as establishing green values, formulating reasonable policies and optimizing management systems are put forward. Yushou Han | Haochen Nong "Evaluation and Analysis of Carbon Emission Efficiency of Logistics Industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59980.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/59980/evaluation-and-analysis-of-carbon-emission-efficiency-of-logistics-industry-in-beijingtianjinhebei-region/yushou-han
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Optimisation assessment model for selection of material and assembly for sust...IJMREMJournal
Sustainable Selection of Material and Assembly (SMA) constitutes a importants strategy in building design and
construction. Current sustainable SMA methods fail to provide adequate solutions for finding the optimum
improvement strategies and choosing the best alternative in a decision environment. To assist the decision-making
process, this study suggests the Multi objective Optimization (MO) approach utilization. However, process
improvements cannot be based only on environmental considerations, other factors like socio-economic must be
also being considered in parallel. As well, the study indicates that MO coupled with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
provides a tool for balancing process environmental and economic performance. The value of this approach in
environmental process analysis rests in providing an optimal option for process improvements which may be
optimal and suitable for a particular situation. A decision-aid tool – optimum Life Cycle Assessment Performance
(OLCAP) – is recommended. OLCAP is tested and demonstrated by application to case studies of an existing
traditional construction method and contemporary construction method of low cost housing projects. The MO
value in process analysis lies in allowing for an alternative option for process betterments, therefore able the
selection of the Best Available Technique not Entailing Excessive Cost (BATEEC) and Best Practicable
Environmental Option (BPEO).
State of the art on Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste ManagementYashpujara00955
Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste Management- A Peer Review. LCA tool can be used as a decision-making approach for the many companies and especially LCA tool can be employed for finding the Impact assessment on Environment, Human health and vegetations.
Investigation of the Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Municipal Solid Waste ...mustansar khan
Investigation of the Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Development of Waste Generation forecast Model Using Machine Learning for Dubai
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
An analysis of drivers affecting the implementation of green supply chain man...eSAT Journals
Abstract The supply chain consists of those activities associated with manufacturing from raw material acquisition to final product delivery. Because of the recently changed environmental requirements that affect manufacturing operations and transportation systems, growing attention is given to the development of environment management strategies for supply chains. A green supply chain aims at confining the wastes within the industrial system so as to conserve energy and prevent the dissipation of harmful materials into the environment. Frequently researches in study on drivers of Green Supply Chain Management are criticized for its narrow perspectives and lack of industrial relevance. So, it is a real need to find improved processes for adoption and implementation of Green practices Green image in Manufacturing Industries. In the current competitive scenario, the driver of Green Supply Chain Management assumes a significant importance and call for serious research attention. The aim of this paper is to examining the Green practices in the selected Indian Manufacturing Companies. The main objectives of this paper are to gain critical and crucial drivers for implementation of Green Supply Chain Management in Indian Manufacturing Industries in various sectors likewise, two wheeler, four wheeler, and General Manufacturing sector wise companies. This paper has attempted to fill the gaps in the contemporary research in the study on drivers of Green Supply Chain Management in selected Indian corporate sectors. It is observed that Driver, DF10 i.e. ‘Employees Motivation, health & Safety’ have more important and crucial for adoption of GSCM for 2-wheeler industries. It is also observed that Driver DF1 i.e. ‘Government rules & legislation’ have more important and crucial for adoption of GSCM for 4-wheeler industries. But it is also observed that Driver DF2 i.e. ‘environmental concerns and legislation; DF7 i.e. customer awareness, pressure & support; DF12 i.e. organizational capabilities and awareness; and DF14 i.e. global climate pressure and ecological; respectively have equal importance and crucial for adoption of GSCM for general manufacturing companies. Keywords: Driving Factors (DF), Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), Manufacturing Industries.
Life Cycle Assessment of Power Utility Poles – A Reviewinventionjournals
Worldwide, overhead electricity distribution is performed using poles made from various materials. The choice of the most efficient pole material is based on management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of products, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool which can be very useful to decision-makers. But how, where and to which extent has it been applied to power utility poles until now, and which accomplishments and challenges can be pointed out from the findings of these LCA applications? To address these questions, a review of accessible published LCA studies of power utility poles has been carried out. By employing well established literature review methodologies, a computer search of journals, conference proceedings, and reports have been carried out and retrieved case studies have been analyzed according to the criteria derived from the four phases of LCA international standards. From a performed review process, it was realized that a total of 13 LCA case studies have been increasingly conducted during these last 26 years in only four countries around the world. The case studies included both comparative LCA of various pole materials and LCA of a single pole material. The main used utility pole materials, the main considered functional units, the main assessed impact categories, the most considered environmentally friendly pole material, and the main challenges in the field have been identified and documented. LCA constitute a useful research field when studying the sustainability of power utility poles. Although existing case studies are scarce, the review highlights several outstanding accomplishments which show what have been satisfactorily done and what needs to be done. Currently, the topic is mainly limited to USA and Swedish researchers; developing countries seem to have noting to do with and there is not yet a methodological consensus which could facilitate a deep comparison between published case studies.
Life Cycle Assessment of Power Utility Poles – A Reviewinventionjournals
Worldwide, overhead electricity distribution is performed using poles made from various materials. The choice of the most efficient pole material is based on management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of products, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool which can be very useful to decision-makers. But how, where and to which extent has it been applied to power utility poles until now, and which accomplishments and challenges can be pointed out from the findings of these LCA applications? To address these questions, a review of accessible published LCA studies of power utility poles has been carried out. By employing well established literature review methodologies, a computer search of journals, conference proceedings, and reports have been carried out and retrieved case studies have been analyzed according to the criteria derived from the four phases of LCA international standards. From a performed review process, it was realized that a total of 13 LCA case studies have been increasingly conducted during these last 26 years in only four countries around the world. The case studies included both comparative LCA of various pole materials and LCA of a single pole material. The main used utility pole materials, the main considered functional units, the main assessed impact categories, the most considered environmentally friendly pole material, and the main challenges in the field have been identified and documented. LCA constitute a useful research field when studying the sustainability of power utility poles. Although existing case studies are scarce, the review highlights several outstanding accomplishments which show what have been satisfactorily done and what needs to be done. Currently, the topic is mainly limited to USA and Swedish researchers; developing countries seem to have noting to do with and there is not yet a methodological consensus which could facilitate a deep comparison between published case studies.
Review on Green Supply Chain Management as a Strategic Approach for Better Co...YogeshIJTSRD
Development based on sustainability is the key to ensure a firm’s endurance and green supply chain management practices improves performance by considering environmental laws and standards, increasing customer awareness, and reducing adverse environmental effects through products and services. Strategies aligned with the green supply chain helps firms with creation of opportunities for better performance and meet the requirements of sustainability. This review paper aims to gain insights based on management of the green supply chain and its strategic effect on corporate performance through competitiveness. Based on the review, it is confirmed that a greener supply network has various benefits related to it and implementing green supply chain practices in sync with strategic planning can enhance corporate performance of firms in varied aspects. However, it also highlighted a research gap as there are limited studies showcasing the measured effect of greener supply network strategies and initiatives on corporate performance of a firm. Lastly, the paper contributes with avenues for further research with the possibilities of strategic approaches for a greener value chain to elucidate its impact quantitatively. Sanath. N | Shreyas Modak | Dr. Nagesh. S "Review on Green Supply Chain Management as a Strategic Approach for Better Corporate Performance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43805.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/industrial-engineering/43805/review-on-green-supply-chain-management-as-a-strategic-approach-for-better-corporate-performance/sanath-n
Green supply chain management in Indian Electronics & Telecommunication IndustryIJESM JOURNAL
The study investigates the Green Supply Chain Management practices adopted by the Electronics & Telecommunication Industry in India. Study focuses on the impact of environmental collaboration in the supply chain on manufacturing and environmental performance. This paper used inductive and qualitative approaches to explore the salient factors that simultaneously enhance the “greening the supply chain” as well as maximizing the customer reach while maintaining the efficiency of the supply chain system of Electronics & Telecommunication Industry. A survey was conducted with key informants across many divisions of the Electronics & Telecommunication Industry to investigate how well these environmental and customer reach in the supply chain are in synchronized with the top management’s commitment towards environmental responsiveness and maximizing customer orientation. The responses to the survey were statistically analyzed and a relationship model was constructed with Market orientation as the dependent variable and independent variables as: environmental policies, supplier policies, commitment to human capital and diversity, sustainability and market orientation. The paper proposes to measure the performance of the corporation with respect to greening the supply chain, maximizing the reach of consumers and operational efficiency with a view of re-engineering the existing supply chain. The key indicators identified were environmental policies, supplier policies, sustainability, market orientation and commitment to human capital and diversity.
Call for Papers- Special Issue: Frontiers In Environmental, Green Economics a...Christo Ananth
Christo Ananth, Special Issue on “Frontiers In Environmental, Green Economics and Management”, Empirical Economics Letters, ISSN: 1681-8997, indexed in ERA and ABDC Journal List
Optimisation assessment model for selection of material and assembly for sust...IJMREMJournal
Sustainable Selection of Material and Assembly (SMA) constitutes a importants strategy in building design and
construction. Current sustainable SMA methods fail to provide adequate solutions for finding the optimum
improvement strategies and choosing the best alternative in a decision environment. To assist the decision-making
process, this study suggests the Multi objective Optimization (MO) approach utilization. However, process
improvements cannot be based only on environmental considerations, other factors like socio-economic must be
also being considered in parallel. As well, the study indicates that MO coupled with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
provides a tool for balancing process environmental and economic performance. The value of this approach in
environmental process analysis rests in providing an optimal option for process improvements which may be
optimal and suitable for a particular situation. A decision-aid tool – optimum Life Cycle Assessment Performance
(OLCAP) – is recommended. OLCAP is tested and demonstrated by application to case studies of an existing
traditional construction method and contemporary construction method of low cost housing projects. The MO
value in process analysis lies in allowing for an alternative option for process betterments, therefore able the
selection of the Best Available Technique not Entailing Excessive Cost (BATEEC) and Best Practicable
Environmental Option (BPEO).
State of the art on Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste ManagementYashpujara00955
Life Cycle Assessment for Solid Waste Management- A Peer Review. LCA tool can be used as a decision-making approach for the many companies and especially LCA tool can be employed for finding the Impact assessment on Environment, Human health and vegetations.
Investigation of the Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Municipal Solid Waste ...mustansar khan
Investigation of the Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Development of Waste Generation forecast Model Using Machine Learning for Dubai
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
An analysis of drivers affecting the implementation of green supply chain man...eSAT Journals
Abstract The supply chain consists of those activities associated with manufacturing from raw material acquisition to final product delivery. Because of the recently changed environmental requirements that affect manufacturing operations and transportation systems, growing attention is given to the development of environment management strategies for supply chains. A green supply chain aims at confining the wastes within the industrial system so as to conserve energy and prevent the dissipation of harmful materials into the environment. Frequently researches in study on drivers of Green Supply Chain Management are criticized for its narrow perspectives and lack of industrial relevance. So, it is a real need to find improved processes for adoption and implementation of Green practices Green image in Manufacturing Industries. In the current competitive scenario, the driver of Green Supply Chain Management assumes a significant importance and call for serious research attention. The aim of this paper is to examining the Green practices in the selected Indian Manufacturing Companies. The main objectives of this paper are to gain critical and crucial drivers for implementation of Green Supply Chain Management in Indian Manufacturing Industries in various sectors likewise, two wheeler, four wheeler, and General Manufacturing sector wise companies. This paper has attempted to fill the gaps in the contemporary research in the study on drivers of Green Supply Chain Management in selected Indian corporate sectors. It is observed that Driver, DF10 i.e. ‘Employees Motivation, health & Safety’ have more important and crucial for adoption of GSCM for 2-wheeler industries. It is also observed that Driver DF1 i.e. ‘Government rules & legislation’ have more important and crucial for adoption of GSCM for 4-wheeler industries. But it is also observed that Driver DF2 i.e. ‘environmental concerns and legislation; DF7 i.e. customer awareness, pressure & support; DF12 i.e. organizational capabilities and awareness; and DF14 i.e. global climate pressure and ecological; respectively have equal importance and crucial for adoption of GSCM for general manufacturing companies. Keywords: Driving Factors (DF), Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), Manufacturing Industries.
Life Cycle Assessment of Power Utility Poles – A Reviewinventionjournals
Worldwide, overhead electricity distribution is performed using poles made from various materials. The choice of the most efficient pole material is based on management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of products, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool which can be very useful to decision-makers. But how, where and to which extent has it been applied to power utility poles until now, and which accomplishments and challenges can be pointed out from the findings of these LCA applications? To address these questions, a review of accessible published LCA studies of power utility poles has been carried out. By employing well established literature review methodologies, a computer search of journals, conference proceedings, and reports have been carried out and retrieved case studies have been analyzed according to the criteria derived from the four phases of LCA international standards. From a performed review process, it was realized that a total of 13 LCA case studies have been increasingly conducted during these last 26 years in only four countries around the world. The case studies included both comparative LCA of various pole materials and LCA of a single pole material. The main used utility pole materials, the main considered functional units, the main assessed impact categories, the most considered environmentally friendly pole material, and the main challenges in the field have been identified and documented. LCA constitute a useful research field when studying the sustainability of power utility poles. Although existing case studies are scarce, the review highlights several outstanding accomplishments which show what have been satisfactorily done and what needs to be done. Currently, the topic is mainly limited to USA and Swedish researchers; developing countries seem to have noting to do with and there is not yet a methodological consensus which could facilitate a deep comparison between published case studies.
Life Cycle Assessment of Power Utility Poles – A Reviewinventionjournals
Worldwide, overhead electricity distribution is performed using poles made from various materials. The choice of the most efficient pole material is based on management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of products, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool which can be very useful to decision-makers. But how, where and to which extent has it been applied to power utility poles until now, and which accomplishments and challenges can be pointed out from the findings of these LCA applications? To address these questions, a review of accessible published LCA studies of power utility poles has been carried out. By employing well established literature review methodologies, a computer search of journals, conference proceedings, and reports have been carried out and retrieved case studies have been analyzed according to the criteria derived from the four phases of LCA international standards. From a performed review process, it was realized that a total of 13 LCA case studies have been increasingly conducted during these last 26 years in only four countries around the world. The case studies included both comparative LCA of various pole materials and LCA of a single pole material. The main used utility pole materials, the main considered functional units, the main assessed impact categories, the most considered environmentally friendly pole material, and the main challenges in the field have been identified and documented. LCA constitute a useful research field when studying the sustainability of power utility poles. Although existing case studies are scarce, the review highlights several outstanding accomplishments which show what have been satisfactorily done and what needs to be done. Currently, the topic is mainly limited to USA and Swedish researchers; developing countries seem to have noting to do with and there is not yet a methodological consensus which could facilitate a deep comparison between published case studies.
Review on Green Supply Chain Management as a Strategic Approach for Better Co...YogeshIJTSRD
Development based on sustainability is the key to ensure a firm’s endurance and green supply chain management practices improves performance by considering environmental laws and standards, increasing customer awareness, and reducing adverse environmental effects through products and services. Strategies aligned with the green supply chain helps firms with creation of opportunities for better performance and meet the requirements of sustainability. This review paper aims to gain insights based on management of the green supply chain and its strategic effect on corporate performance through competitiveness. Based on the review, it is confirmed that a greener supply network has various benefits related to it and implementing green supply chain practices in sync with strategic planning can enhance corporate performance of firms in varied aspects. However, it also highlighted a research gap as there are limited studies showcasing the measured effect of greener supply network strategies and initiatives on corporate performance of a firm. Lastly, the paper contributes with avenues for further research with the possibilities of strategic approaches for a greener value chain to elucidate its impact quantitatively. Sanath. N | Shreyas Modak | Dr. Nagesh. S "Review on Green Supply Chain Management as a Strategic Approach for Better Corporate Performance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43805.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/industrial-engineering/43805/review-on-green-supply-chain-management-as-a-strategic-approach-for-better-corporate-performance/sanath-n
Green supply chain management in Indian Electronics & Telecommunication IndustryIJESM JOURNAL
The study investigates the Green Supply Chain Management practices adopted by the Electronics & Telecommunication Industry in India. Study focuses on the impact of environmental collaboration in the supply chain on manufacturing and environmental performance. This paper used inductive and qualitative approaches to explore the salient factors that simultaneously enhance the “greening the supply chain” as well as maximizing the customer reach while maintaining the efficiency of the supply chain system of Electronics & Telecommunication Industry. A survey was conducted with key informants across many divisions of the Electronics & Telecommunication Industry to investigate how well these environmental and customer reach in the supply chain are in synchronized with the top management’s commitment towards environmental responsiveness and maximizing customer orientation. The responses to the survey were statistically analyzed and a relationship model was constructed with Market orientation as the dependent variable and independent variables as: environmental policies, supplier policies, commitment to human capital and diversity, sustainability and market orientation. The paper proposes to measure the performance of the corporation with respect to greening the supply chain, maximizing the reach of consumers and operational efficiency with a view of re-engineering the existing supply chain. The key indicators identified were environmental policies, supplier policies, sustainability, market orientation and commitment to human capital and diversity.
Call for Papers- Special Issue: Frontiers In Environmental, Green Economics a...Christo Ananth
Christo Ananth, Special Issue on “Frontiers In Environmental, Green Economics and Management”, Empirical Economics Letters, ISSN: 1681-8997, indexed in ERA and ABDC Journal List
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in District Ban...Open Access Research Paper
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular zoonotic protozoan parasite, infect both humans and animals population worldwide. It can also cause abortion and inborn disease in humans and livestock population. In the present study total of 313 domestic animals were screened for Toxoplasma gondii infection. Of which 45 cows, 55 buffalos, 68 goats, 60 sheep and 85 shaver chicken were tested. Among these 40 (88.88%) cows were negative and 05 (11.12%) were positive. Similarly 55 (92.72%) buffalos were negative and 04 (07.28%) were positive. In goats 68 (98.52%) were negative and 01 (01.48%) was recorded positive. In sheep and shaver chicken the infection were not recorded.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
1. Creative Design and Manufacture using Big Data - Research Article
Advances in Mechanical Engineering
2019, Vol. 11(1) 1–9
Ó The Author(s) 2019
DOI: 10.1177/1687814018816878
journals.sagepub.com/home/ade
An evaluation method for green
logistics system design of agricultural
products: A case study in Shandong
province, China
Songyuan Ni1
, Yu Lin2
, Yongxing Li2,3
, Hui Shao2
and
Shiguang Wang2
Abstract
Recently, the environmental issue caused by logistics of agricultural products has attracted a great deal of attention. In
order to solve the problem, much of work focuses on green logistics to decrease environmental pollution. However, the
green logistics evaluation system of agricultural products is insufficient. Therefore, establishing a reasonable green logis-
tics evaluation system for agricultural products plays a key role in the development of green agricultural products. In this
work, domestic and international environmental factors which affect the development of the green logistics of agricul-
tural products are analyzed based on reduction, reuse, and recycling principle of circular economy. In addition, a series
of evaluation indicators for green logistics of agricultural products are developed. A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
method is proposed to make a comprehensive evaluation for green logistics of agricultural products based on evaluation
indicators. The method combined analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy theory, where a fuzzy transformation operator is
introduced. The proposed method is applied for decision-maker in view of knowledge management. In order to verify
the applicability of approach, the approach is applied to green logistics of Shandong agricultural products.
Keywords
Green logistics, agricultural products, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, decision-making
Date received: 16 September 2018; accepted: 12 November 2018
Handling Editor: ZhiWu Li
Introduction
With the improvement of living standards in China,
there are great changes in many aspects, for instances,
material food and consumption structure. Consumer
demands for fresh produce, aquatic products, fruits,
and vegetables are increasing strongly, which increases
the vigor to develop logistics industry of agricultural
products. Nowadays, the growth momentum of con-
sumer demand is strong, and the development space
for logistics of agricultural products is great in China.
But there are still problems, such as late starting, rela-
tively backward technology, and imperfect industry
standard system, which lead to high cost and
environmental pollution. Aiming at environmental pol-
lution problem, much of work focuses on green logis-
tics to decrease the environmental pollution of
agricultural products. Many studies are performed on
1
College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University,
Harbin, China
2
School of Transportation, Jilin University, Changchun, China
3
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore
Corresponding author:
Yu Lin, School of Transportation, Jilin University, Changchun 130022,
China.
Email: linyu773@163.com
Creative Commons CC BY: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
(http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/
open-access-at-sage).
2. green logistics of agricultural products (APGL).
Rostamzadeh and colleagues1–3
thought that green
logistics evaluation indexes should include green pur-
chasing, green transportation, and green storage.
Ubeda and colleagues4,5
pointed out that the green
logistics system is a friendly and efficient logistics sys-
tem coordinated with the environment. Sarkis and col-
leagues6,7
argued that green marketing is a business to
determine the target market demand, more cost effec-
tive than competitors to provide customers to meet the
needs of goods. Aldakhil et al.8
put forward that, in
order to achieve the green development of logistics,
great efforts need to be taken in four aspects. The four
aspects are the freight strength, different modes of car-
bon consumption, vehicle utilization, and energy con-
sumption of carbon. Bajdor and colleagues9–11
presented that green logistics is an extension of the con-
cept of sustainable development and summarized the
characteristics of green logistics. Georgiana and col-
leagues12,13
described the logistics activities and the
resulting environmental impact based on the green
logistics and green supply chain management theory.
Pishvaee and colleagues14,15
analyzed the uncertain fac-
tors of green logistics network and established the fuzzy
mathematical model. Bosona and colleagues16–18
put
forward to establish the manufacturer cluster belt,
which can reduce the waste of resources in transporta-
tion and improve the efficiency of green logistics opera-
tion. Sun and colleagues18,19
thought that enterprises,
consumers, and other participants should be put into
action to develop green logistics. Rezaei and col-
leagues20–22
established the evaluation index system of
logistics distribution performance. The fuzzy compre-
hensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the
performance of fresh agricultural products. Wu
et al.23,24
analyzed the difference of combing ecological
economy, circular economy, green economy, and the
development of low-carbon economy. Tian25
pointed
out that green logistics can greatly reduce the cost of
logistics operations and proposed a highly efficient
low-cost logistics model.
By analyzing the existing investigations, there are
fewer evaluation researches of APGL, especially for the
evaluation of logistics system in agricultural products
area.26–29
In this study, we analyzed the domestic and
international environmental factors that affect the
development of APGL according to the reduction,
reuse, and recycling (3R) principle of circular economy
and developed a series of evaluation indicators for
APGL. A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)
method is proposed to make a comprehensive evalua-
tion for APGL based on evaluation indicators. The
method combined analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
and fuzzy theory, in which a fuzzy transformation
operator is introduced. In order to verify the applicabil-
ity of the evaluation system, the approach is applied to
green logistics of Shandong agricultural products. The
result reflected the actual situation of green logistics of
Shandong agricultural products. In view of the result,
some relevant policy suggestions are presented accord-
ing to the obtained analysis results.
Evaluation index system
The evaluation index, which is used for assessing, eval-
uating, and comparing system quality, is a class of sta-
tistical index. While selecting the evaluation index of
APGL, the frequency analysis method and expert
consultation method are chosen to construct index
set.30–32
The index set, including 27 elements, can be
summarized as internal factor set and external factor
set. Figure 1 shows the relationship between the inter-
nal factor set and the external factor set. The detailed
descriptions of indexes are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
The above indexes highlight the characteristics of
APGL, but not all of them are concise and clear, and
some of them lack objectivity and operability.
Therefore, it is necessary to optimize index system to
Influence factors of APGL
Internal
factor
External
factor
Figure 1. Relationship between internal factor set and external
factor set.
Internal
factor
Preservation rate of agricultural products
Processing rate of agricultural products
Circulation rate of agricultural products
Storage level of agricultural products
Logistics transportation efficiency
Traceability of information
Energy consumption
Waste recovery rate
Vehicle exhaust emissions
Green logistics technology use degree
Logistics cost of agricultural products
Total value of agricultural products logistics
Figure 2. Internal factor set.
2 Advances in Mechanical Engineering
3. make the index more precise, scientific, reasonable, and
easy to operate. To do so, three steps are adopted to
determine final indexes: (1) analyzing indexes by cluster
analysis and determining the layer of indexes; (2) ana-
lyzing each layer indexes by principal component anal-
ysis method and removing the index with lower
contribution rate; and (3) regrouping the final index by
factor analysis method.
Finally, an index system is constructed, which
includes three layers, that is, target layer, criteria layer,
and index layer. The meaning of the target layer is the
evaluation result of evaluation object. In this study, the
goal is to make an evaluation of APGL about
Shandong province. The criterion layer is a set of judg-
ment criteria, which reflects the evaluation object
including political factors, economic factors, social fac-
tors, technical factors, internal management factors,
and environmental protection.30,33–35
The index layer is
a series of specific factors based on the criterion layer.
The index hierarchical structure is shown in Figure 4.
FAHP
The AHP, which is proposed by Saaty in the early
1970s, is a hierarchical weight decision analysis
method.36–38
Based on AHP, we can decompose the
elements associated with decisions into goals, criteria,
plans, and so on and develop qualitative and quantita-
tive analyses. AHP is applied to calculate index weights
for APGL. The application process of AHP is divided
into four steps, which are constructing index hierarchy,
establishing judgment matrix, single-level sorting, and
consistency checking. More detailed descriptions are
provided in next steps.
In order to make a better evaluation, the index hier-
archy is constructed. The highest target level is the per-
fection degree of the evaluation index system; the
middle is the standard layer, that is to say, five aspects
of APGL is evaluated; and the last layer is the index
layer, which is the specific evaluation index.
By establishing the hierarchical model, the elements
of each layer can be compared (pairwise), and then, a
comparison judgment matrix can be obtained.
Generally speaking, the form of judgment matrix is as
follows
BK C1 C2 Cn
C1 C11 C12 C1n
C2 C21 C22 C2n
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
. ..
. .
.
.
Cn Cn1 Cn2 Cnn
where BK is the upper target and Cij is the specific eva-
luation index: Cij . 0, Cij = 1/Cji (i 6¼ j), Cii = 1 (i,
j = 1,2, ., n).
The decision matrix is usually transformed to numer-
ical judgment matrix so that it can be calculated easily.
In general, the nine-point scale is adopted for compari-
son standard of proportion scale, which is shown in
Table 1.
In fact, the ranking problem of AHP is equivalent to
solve feature vector of the judgment matrix. The steps
are summarized as follows:
1. Calculating the product of each row element of
the judgment matrix: Mi
Mi =
Y
n
j = 1
aij, i = 1, 2, . . . , n
2. Calculating the N root mean square of Mi:
Wi
Wi =
ffiffiffiffiffiffi
Mi
n
p
3. Normalization of vector:
W =
W1,
W2, . . . ,
Wn
½
T
Wi =
Wi
P
n
j = 1
Wj
where
W =
W1,
W2, . . . ,
Wn
½
T
is the feature vector.
External
factor
Perfection of relevant laws and regulations
Perfection of industry standard system
Industry standard degree
Government support
Green channel for agricultural products
Overall planning and construction of agricultural
products logistics
Consumption of agricultural products
Demand for agricultural products
Consumer attitudes towards green agricultural
products
Quality of agricultural products logistics
practitioners
Relevant facilities improvement and utilization rate
Education and training of industry related
knowledge
The government's application level of logistics
information technology
Information sharing degree of logistics information
platform
Figure 3. External factor set.
Ni et al. 3
4. 4. Calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the
judgment matrix: lmax
lmax =
X
n
i = 1
(AW)i
nWi
Judgment matrices may not necessarily be consistent.
Thus, making a consistency checking for each judgment
matrix is needed.39
The consistency index and consis-
tency ratio are calculated by the following formulas,
respectively
Environmental
protection of APGL
Internal management
factors
Technical factors
Social factors
Economic factors
Political factors
Overall planning and construction of APGL
Government support
Industry standard degree
Perfection of relevant laws and regulations
Consumption of agricultural products
Green channel for agricultural products
Demand for agricultural products
Marketization of agricultural products
Consumer attitudes towards green
agricultural products
Quality of agricultural products logistics
Green logistics technology use degree
Preservation rate of agricultural products
Processing rate of agricultural products
Traceability of information
Total value of agricultural products logistics
Logistics cost of agricultural products
Agricultural logistics transportation
Circulation rate of agricultural products
Vehicle exhaust emissions
Waste recovery rate
Evaluation index
system of APGL
Target layer Criterion layer Index layer
Figure 4. Evaluation index system of APGL.
Table 1. Evaluation of classification table.
Ratio of factors A and B Comparison of quantized value
Factors A and B are equally important 1
Factor A is slightly more important than Factor B 3
Factor A is more important than Factor B 5
Factor A is very important compared to Factor B 7
Factor A is definitely more important than Factor B 9
AB adjacent judgment intermediate value 2, 4, 6, 8
Backward count of the upper figure is the reciprocal comparison of the two factors
4 Advances in Mechanical Engineering
5. CI =
lmax n
n 1
; CR =
CI
RI
0:10
where n is the number of dimensional matrix and RI is
the average random consistency index; for the matrix
n = 1–9, the reference values are shown in Table 2.
The consistency of the judgment matrix is depended
on the value of RI. Generally, when CR is less than 0.1,
the judgment matrix meets satisfactory consistency
standards, and the result of single-level sorting is accep-
table. Otherwise, the judgment matrix will be adjusted
to achieve satisfactory consistency.
Comprehensive evaluation method
The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was estab-
lished to handle fuzzy information that existed in the
evaluation process of APGL. The comprehensive eva-
luation method integrates the advantages of fuzzy eva-
luation and AHP.39,40
In this article, the comment set and factor set can be
written as
U = fU1, U2, . . . , Umg; V = fV1, V2, . . . , Vng
where U is the factor set that is used to describe the
object to be evaluated (i.e. evaluation index) and V is
the comment set that is used to describe the state of
each factor (i.e. evaluation grade); the comment set is
V = {good, better, general, poor, bad}, and the corre-
sponding scoring set is {1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2}
Rk
=
Rk
11 Rk
12 Rk
1n
Rk
21 Rk
22 Rk
2n
.
.
. .
.
. ..
. .
.
.
Rk
m1 Rk
m2 Rk
mn
2
6
6
6
4
3
7
7
7
5
where Rk
is the judgment matrix and Rk
ij represents the
degree of membership of the jth-level comment on the
ith evaluation index of the kth unit. In this article, the
frequency distribution of each index in each scoring
level is taken as the membership degree.
Using the synthesis of fuzzy matrix, we get the com-
prehensive evaluation model B, that is
B = A B = (B1, B1, . . . , B1)
Finally, the maximum membership method is
adopted to get the final evaluation level. Where, ‘‘*’’ is
the fuzzy transformation, and the operator ‘‘*’’ has
many types. The commonly used composition opera-
tors have the following four kinds
In this article, we select the fourth operator,
M ( , ), as the calculation operator of fuzzy evalua-
tion model.
Case study
In recent years, logistics enterprises have been commit-
ted to the low-carbon development and achieved certain
results. Currently, the APGL are getting more atten-
tion. In order to better analyze the status of APGL, the
evaluation index system is presented. Shandong prov-
ince, as a large agricultural province, has a large popu-
lation, where consumers’ demands for agricultural
products are higher. Thus, we performed our approach
for Shandong agricultural logistics.
In this case, the evaluation system is divided into
three layers: the target layer, T; the criterion layer, S;
and the index layer, A. In addition, set S1 as the politi-
cal factor, S1 = {A1, A2, A3, A4, A5} = {Perfection of
relevant laws and regulations, Industry standard
degree, Government support, Green channel for agri-
cultural products, Overall planning and construction of
agricultural products logistics}; S2 as an economic fac-
tor, S2 = {A6, A7, A8} = {Consumption of agricultural
products, Demand for agricultural products,
Marketization of agricultural products logistics}; S3 as
a social factor, S3 = {A9, A10} = {Consumer attitudes
toward green agricultural products, Quality of agricul-
tural products logistics practitioners}; S4 as the techni-
cal factor, S4 = {A11, A12, A13, A14} = {Processing rate
of agricultural products, Preservation rate of agricul-
tural products, Utilization degree of green logistics
technology, Traceability of information}; S5 as the
internal management factor, S5 = {A15, A16, A17,
A18} = {Transportation efficiency of agricultural logis-
tics, Logistics cost of agricultural products, Total value
of agricultural products logistics, Circulation rate of
Table 2. Average random consistency index.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
RI 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.90 1.12 1.24 1.32 1.41 1.45
Ni et al. 5
6. agricultural products}; and S6 as the environmental
protection of agricultural products logistics, S6 = {A19,
A20} = {Vehicle exhaust emissions, Waste recovery
rate}.
Consistency check
Judgment matrixes were obtained based on expert con-
sultation and field investigation. The final results are
shown in Tables 3–9.
The index weight calculated by the square root
method is shown in Tables 10–16. In addition, the con-
sistency test results are shown in Table 17.
Comprehensive evaluation
Some indices are difficult to get a specific value, that is,
A1 and A14. Thus, an expert investigation method is
adopted for this. In contrast, other indices are easily
described by a definite value, that is, A6 and A16.
Therefore, field investigation and questionnaire survey
are applied to get this. Each evaluation factor including
political factors (R1), economic factors (R2), social fac-
tor (R3), technical factor (R4), internal management
Table 3. First-grade judgment matrix.
T S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
S1 1 1 3 1/3 1/5 1
S2 1 1 3 1/3 1/5 1
S3 1/3 1/3 1 1/3 1/5 1/4
S4 3 3 3 1 1/3 1
S5 5 5 5 3 1 5
S6 1 1 4 1 1/5 1
Table 4. Second-grade judgment matrix (political factors).
Political factors, S1 Specific indicators
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
A1 1 3 1/5 1/3 1
A2 1/3 1 1/5 1/3 1
A3 5 5 1 1 3
A4 3 3 1 1 3
A5 1 1 1/3 1/3 1
Table 5. Second-grade judgment matrix (economic factors).
Economic factors, S2 Specific indicators
A6 A7 A8
A6 1 1 5
A7 1 1 5
A8 1/5 1/5 1
Table 6. Second-grade judgment matrix (social factors).
Social factors, S3 Specific indicators
A9 A10
A9 1 3
A10 1/3 1
Table 7. Second-grade judgment matrix (technical factors).
Technical factors, S4 Specific indicators
A11 A12 A13 A14
A11 1 1/5 1/3 1
A12 5 1 2 3
A13 3 1/2 1 2
A14 1 1/3 1/2 1
Table 8. Second-grade judgment matrix (internal management
factors).
Internal management factors, S5 Specific indicators
A15 A16 A17 A18
A15 1 1/3 3 2
A16 3 1 5 3
A17 1/3 1/5 1 1/2
A18 1/2 1/3 2 1
Table 9. Second-grade judgment matrix (environmental
protection of APGL).
Environmental protection of APGL, S6 Specific indicators
A19 A20
A19 1 1
A20 1 1
Table 10. First-grade index weight.
W S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
Weight 0.09 0.10 0.05 0.19 0.45 0.12
Table 11. Second-grade index weight (political factors).
W1 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
Weight 0.12 0.08 0.39 0.31 0.10
6 Advances in Mechanical Engineering
7. factor (R5), and environmental protection of agricul-
tural products logistics (R6) can be written as follows
R1 =
0:04 0:16 0:42 0:3 0:08
0:02 0:28 0:44 0:2 0:06
0:2 0:4 0:2 0:1 0:1
0:32 0:3 0:22 0:08 0:08
0:12 0:3 0:42 0:1 0:06
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
4
3
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
,
R2 =
0:16 0:3 0:3 0:1 0:1
0:2 0:3 0:22 0:1 0:18
0:3 0:3 0:26 0:08 0:06
2
6
4
3
7
5
R3 =
0:24 0:3 0:3 0:1 0:6
0:12 0:32 0:3 0:14 0:12
,
R4 =
0:18 0:32 0:3 0:12 0:08
0:12 0:3 0:3 0:18 0:1
0:1 0:32 0:3 0:2 0:08
0:08 0:3 0:4 0:18 0:04
2
6
6
6
4
3
7
7
7
5
R5 =
0:06 0:3 0:3 0:2 0:1
0:1 0:2 0:3 0:2 0:2
0:08 0:2 0:28 0:22 0:22
0:1 0:3 0:3 0:16 0:14
2
6
6
6
4
3
7
7
7
5
,
R6 =
0 0:12 0:3 0:4 0:18
0 0:1 0:3 0:32 0:28
Based on the weight set Wi and fuzzy evaluation
matrix Ri, we can easily get the fuzzy evaluation vector
by comprehensive evaluation formula Bi, which can be
written as
B1 = (0:12, 0:08, 0:39, 0:31, 0:10)
0:04 0:16 0:42 0:3 0:08
0:02 0:28 0:44 0:2 0:06
0:2 0:4 0:2 0:1 0:1
0:32 0:3 0:22 0:08 0:08
0:12 0:3 0:42 0:1 0:06
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
4
3
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
= 0:1956, 0:3206, 0:1258, 0:1258, 0:0842
ð Þ
The other evaluation vectors are shown in Table 18.
Let the fuzzy evaluation matrix R = (B1, B2, B3, B4,
B5, B6)T
, and we can get the final evaluation result B as
B = W R =
X
n
i = 1
(airij)
= (0:1118, 0:2495, 0:2820, 0:1919, 0:1644)
In this article, we know that the comment set is
V = {good, better, general, poor, bad}, and the corre-
sponding scoring set is {1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2}, so the
final result of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is shown
as follows
M = B V = 0:5902
The values of others are shown in Table 19.
Based on the above analysis, we concluded that the
overall development level of APGL in Shandong is not
well. Among them, the political factor, the internal
management factor, and the environmental protection
Table 13. Second-grade index weight (social factors).
W3 A9 A10
Weight 0.75 0.25
Table 14. Second-grade index weight (technical factors).
W4 A11 A12 A13 A14
Weight 0.11 0.49 0.27 0.13
Table 15. Second-grade index weight (internal management
factors).
W5 A15 A16 A17 A18
Weight 0.24 0.52 0.09 0.15
Table 12. Second-grade index weight (economic factors).
W2 A6 A7 A8
Weight 0.45 0.45 0.10
Table 16. Second-grade index weight (environmental
protection of APGL).
W6 A19 A20
Weight 0.50 0.50
Table 17. Consistency check result.
N lmax CI RI CR Whether 0.10
T 6 6.264 0.053 1.24 0.043 Yes
S1 5 5.191 0.048 1.12 0.043 Yes
S2 3 3.000 0.000 0.58 0 Yes
S3 2 2.000 0.000 0 0 Yes
S4 4 4.034 0.011 0.90 0.013 Yes
S5 4 4.059 0.020 0.90 0.022 Yes
S6 2 2.000 0 0 0 Yes
Ni et al. 7
8. of APGL are still very deficient. The improvement in
economic, social, and technological progress is still a
general level. Therefore, some measures should be
taken to accelerate the development of APGL in
Shandong. For instance, (1) making the overall plan-
ning of green logistics system for agricultural products
and establishing a multi-lateral cooperation mechan-
ism; (2) strengthening the construction of logistics facil-
ities for agricultural products and accelerating the
promotion of green logistics technology; (3) improving
the efficiency and intensity of processing agricultural
products, and promoting the circular logistics of agri-
cultural products and packaging wastes; and (4) accel-
erating the cultivation of logistics professionals and
advocating green consumption.
Conclusion
In view of the current resources, environment, and
food safety issues, the agricultural products industry
badly needs to introduce green logistics. It is very
important to evaluate the performance of APGL.
This article constructs the evaluation index system of
APGL and proposes a fuzzy comprehensive evalua-
tion method based on AHP. AHP is applied to deter-
mine the weights of evaluation indexes, which helps
to avoid deviations caused by subjective factors. The
fuzzy evaluation method is adopted to evaluate
APGL based on the evaluation index. Besides, the
presented approach makes a detailed analysis of the
logistics of Shandong agricultural products. The
results show that the development level of APGL in
Shandong is not well, which is consistent with the
reality. To some extent, the results can serve as a ref-
erence for APGL to make the best talent decisions
and achieve long-term development strategies. In a
word, this study provides an effective evaluation
method for APGL.
Declaration of conflicting interests
The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with
respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this
article.
Funding
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial sup-
port for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this
article: This work was supported by the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities under grant no.
2572014BB02 and the Heilong Jiang Postdoctoral Funds for
Scientific Research Initiation under grant no. LBH-Q16009.
ORCID iDs
Yu Lin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-6325
Shiguang Wang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-823X
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Table 18. Result of evaluation vector.
Evaluation vector Value
B2 (0.1440, 0.3000, 0.2600, 0.0980, 0.1320)
B3 (0.2100, 0.3050, 0.3000, 0.1100, 0.4800)
B4 (0.1160, 0.3065, 0.3130, 0.1788, 0.0846)
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B6 (0.0000, 0.1100, 0.3000, 0.3600, 0.23)
Table 19. Result of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
Values 0.5947 0.6056 0.7740 0.6374 0.5708 0.4580
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