Alkenes 3(c)
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This document discusses the properties of alkenes, including that they contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond with a 120 degree bond angle and trigonal planar molecular shape around the bond. It provides examples of ethene and propene, noting their molecular formulas and structural diagrams. Additionally, it explains that methene cannot exist due to hydrogen being unable to form double bonds and the definition requiring at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
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Alkenes
The document defines alkenes as hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Alkenes have trigonal planar molecular geometry at the double bond with 120° bond angles. Ethene and propene are examples of alkenes with double bonds between the first two carbons. Alkenes exist as colorless gases with fewer than 5 carbons, liquids with 5 or more carbons, and solids with 15 or more carbons depending on their molecular structure and size.
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An alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon double bond that cannot freely rotate like single bonds. The double bond consists of one sigma and one pi bond, making rotation difficult. Ethene and propene are examples of alkenes, with ethene containing a double bond between two carbons each bonded to two hydrogens, and propene containing three carbons where the first and second are double bonded and each attached to varying numbers of hydrogens. Alkenes can act as monomers that join end to end through addition polymerization to form polymers.
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Alkenes 3(c)
- 2. Alkenes Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond The bond angle around the double bonds in alkenes is 120 degrees The molecular shape around the C=C bond is trigonal planar The double bond is actually bonded above and below the axis(pi bonds), so this restricts it from rotating freely
- 3. Ethene Ethene has a molecular formula of C2H4 Ethene has a line diagran of = The complete structural diagram is H-C = C-H H H
- 4. Propene Propene has a molecular formula of C3H6 Propene has a line diagram of = It has a condensed structural formula of CH2=CHCH3
- 5. Interesting fact Methene does not exist because hydrogen can not form a double bond, and also the definition of alkenes is to have at least one carbon to carbon double bond, and methene only has one carbon
- 6. Summary Alkenes have double bonds, which include pi boding There can not be a methene because not only does there have to be a double bond, but it has to be a carbon to carbon double bond Pi bonding is dumbell shaped, and its bonding in double bonds restricts it from rotating freely, because it is bonded above and below the bond axis The C=C bond has a trigonal planar shape around it and has bond angles of 120 degrees