Middle-range theories are important in nursing as they provide a framework between grand theories and practice. The theory of self-efficacy proposes that a person's beliefs in their own abilities affect their motivation, behavior, and performance. An internal criticism of self-efficacy theory found it to be clearly explained and logically developed. However, external factors like age and education may influence self-efficacy. An external criticism determined the theory has good applicability to nursing practice due to its narrow focus on concepts like human agency and self-efficacy beliefs. The theory has been useful in treating chronic diseases and provides a way to individualize patient care.

1. [From 10$/Pg] Alimohammadi Et Al
[From 10$/Pg] Alimohammadi Et Al job#1Middle-range theories are essential in shaping
nursing practice, mainly because they provide a framework between the grand theories and
nursing practice. They are a bridge to understanding the grand theories better through their
ease of applicability. The middle-range nursing theories provide a firm foundation for
nurses and other healthcare workers to handle complicated circumstances in the healthcare
system (Liehr & Smith, 2017). The middle-range nursing theory is significant for nursing
students because it gives them a middle reality perspective and more particular generic
practice areas. Internal and external criticism of the middle range theories is a step in
understanding its applicability in nursing practice. They are also a step in understanding the
credibility of the approach. The self-efficacy theory is a person’s conviction in their ability to
carry out the actions required to achieve specified performance goals (Vaughan‐Johnston &
Jacobson, 2020). Internal CriticismInternal criticism of a theory is a part of understanding
its credibility and whether its contents are believable. Therefore, the internal analysis
consists of understanding consistency, clarity, logical development, adequacy, and level of
theory development. The self-efficacy theory through internal criticism shows that the
approach is first straightforward. The theorists achieve clarity because he explains the two
primary principles, including self-efficacy and human agency. Even though the theory
develops from psychology, it is clear in its explanation of terms that can apply in other
fields. The approach also achieves logical development because it bases on the social
cognitive theory (Schunk & DiBenedetto, 2020). The researchers establish its main
principles and discuss them methodically to emphasize people’s unique role in altering
their unhealthy habits.The other factor of internal criticism is the adequacy which, in this
particular theory, the theorist explicitly indicates that people play distinct roles in causing
behavioral change and found that self-efficacy plays a crucial role in predicting behavior
change, both directly and through its impacts on the other determinants (Alimohammadi et
al., 2019). Finally, because the theory includes fewer ideas and may be generalized across
diverse backgrounds, it is a middle-range theory.External CriticismThe external criticism of
a theory is essential to understand how it relates to the real world of nursing. The criticism
details the scope of approach, significance, discrimination, utility, and complexity. The
theorist explains two fundamental concepts in complexity: human agency and self-efficacy
beliefs, making them straightforward. On the reality convergence, the essential assumption
of self-efficacy theory is that perceived personal efficacy impacts the commencement,
perseverance, and effort to apply to create behavior. The external criticism through

2. significance shows that many researchers continue to develop different theories throughout
the years after Bandura. As a result, to effectively apply the theory to practice, nurses caring
for various patients with different diagnoses may need to use different but relevant
effectiveness metrics (Klassen & Klassen, 2018). Finally, through a look at the scope of the
theory, the self-efficacy hypothesis has a specific emphasis, which makes it more useful in
nursing practice.job #2 The theory of self-efficacy is a staple in the nursing world. This
middle-ranged theory was first being developed in the 1970’s to explain the reasoning
behind various forms of thinking between different people. Those who will continue to try
even if they fail, have high self-efficacy while those who have low self-efficacy will often
blame themselves for their lack of success. This theory is usually a trait where one can
control the situations that encompass their lives (Petiprin, 2020).Internal Criticism When
critiquing this theory based on internal criticism factors, the theory was noticeably clear.
This theory is based around a lot of psychology-based research, but it is highly unlikely for
anyone to need a clear understanding of psychology to understand the theories ideologies.
Furthermore, I would not say the theory is inadequate for research, but I do agree with
various sources that state that the theories findings do require further research in certain
areas. It has been found that the theory may be influenced by external factors such as age
and level of education which could affect an individual’s self-efficacy. However, the theory is
still described as more than adequate for use despite newer more refined development that
comes with its research. This theory is a middle level theory. Because of its ease of use
across a grand array of concepts and subjects, it is highly generalized and a great guide to
everyday practice in nursing (Critical Analysis of Self Efficacy Theory, 2020).External
Criticism When presented with more knowledge about this theory, I was able to conclude
various things from a variety of sources that helped me establish external criticism of the
self-efficacy theory. The self-efficacy theory is narrow, allowing for it to be better applied
across nursing practice. This theory has two main concepts, the human agency concept, and
the self-efficacy belief concept. These concepts serve the purpose of developing a simple,
coherent explanation of what the self-efficacy theory is. This theory’s origin has profound
influence form the social cognitive theory, which is critical when it comes to treating
chronic diseases. It has proved to be of immense importance to the health ecosystem. With
it being applied in areas to treat major diseases like diabetes for example. This theory is
mostly used to treat patients with chronic diseases. Is highly emphasized on the
characteristics of the patient. The self-efficacy theory has proved highly useful In nursing in
order to provide more unique, one on one care with patients, making it highly significant
(Critical Analysis of Self Efficacy Theory, 2020).Conclusion The theory of self-efficacy has
served a purposeful role in the world of nursing. There is no doubt that there have been
many advances in the social cognitive areas of nursing due to the theory ideologies.
Although the theory may have some limitations, it still serves as a reliable, clear guide to
every day practice and research and should continue to make great impact in terms of
nursing.