Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Alfred North Whitehead
1. Alfred
North
Whitehead Jessie Paano
Vince Millona
BA-I
Alfred
North
Whitehead
References:
Desmet, R. & Irvine, A. (2018) Alfred North Whitehead.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/whitehead/
Herstein, G. (2015) Whitehead, Alfred North. Internet
Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
https://www.iep.utm.edu/whitehed/
Bracken, J. (2015). Process Philosophy of Alfred North
Whitehead. https://www.youtube.com.
2. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred NorthWhitehead
I. Life and Works
II. Problem of Space
III. Problem of History
* Mathematics and Logic
* Philosophy of Science
* Philosophy of Education
*Reality
IV. Metaphysics
*Religion
*God
V. Process Philosophy
3. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
British mathematician and
philosopher best known for his
work in mathematical logic and
the philosophy of science.
4. Alfred North Whitehead
LIFE
Alfred North Whitehead
1861 Born February 15 in Ramsgate,
Isle of Thanet, Kent, England.
1880 Enters Trinity College, Cambridge,
with a scholarship in mathematics.
1890 Meets Russell; marries Evelyn Wade.
1884 Elected to the Apostles, the elite
discussion club; graduates with a
B.A. in Mathematics; elected a
Fellow in Mathematics at Trinity.
5. Alfred North Whitehead
LIFE
Alfred North Whitehead
1903 Elected a Fellow of the Royal
Society as a result of his work on
universal algebra, symbolic logic,
and the foundations of
mathematics.
1910 Resigns from Cambridge
and moves to London.
1911 Appointed Lecturer at
University College London.
6. Alfred North Whitehead
LIFE
Alfred North Whitehead
1912 Elected President of both the
South-Eastern Mathematical
Association and the London
branch of the Mathematical
Association for the year 1913.
1914 Appointed Professor of
Applied Mathematics at the
Imperial College of Science and
Technology.
7. Alfred North Whitehead
LIFE
Alfred North Whitehead
1915 Elected President of the
Mathematical Association for the
two-year period 1915–1917.
1921 Meets Albert Einstein.
1922 Elected President of the
Aristotelian Society for the one-
year period 1922–1923.
1924 Appointed Professor of
Philosophy at Harvard University.
8. Alfred North Whitehead
LIFE
Alfred North Whitehead
1937 Retires from Harvard.
1945 Awarded Order of
Merit.
1947 Died December 30 in
Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA.
9. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
WORKS
1891 Treatise on Universal Algebra
1903 Principia Mathematica (feat. Bertrand Russel)
1924 Science in the Modern World
1924 Adventures of Ideas
1922 The Principle of Relativity
1929 The Aims of Education
1926 Religion in the Making
1929 Process and Reality
10. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
II. PROBLEM OF SPACE
1. Mathematics and Logic
In 1884, He began teaching college
on Trinity College
In the year 1890, Bertrand Russell
became his student.
11. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
II. PROBLEM OF SPACE
1. Mathematics and Logic
Whitehead saw mathematical
logic as a tool to guide the
mathematician’s essential
activities of intuiting, articulating,
and applying patterns, and he did
not aim at replacing mathematical
intuition (pattern recognition)
with logical rigor.
12. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
II. PROBLEM OF SPACE
1. Mathematics and Logic
A Treatise on Universal Algebra
1898
The Principles of Mathematics
1903
Principia Mathematica
1910, 1912, 1913
13. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
II. PROBLEM OF SPACE
1. Mathematics and Logic
Giuseppe Peano- Makes Whitehead
and Russell became aware of the
potential of symbolic logic to
become the most appropriate
tool to rigorously study
mathematical patterns.
14. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
II. PROBLEM OF SPACE
2. Philosophy of Science
Theory of Gravitation-
Regarded as dual to
Einstein's general
relativity.
Physics
15. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
III. PROBLEM OF HSTORY
1. Philosophy of Education
• emphasizes the idea that a good
life is most profitably thought of
as an educated or civilized life
“There is only one subject matter for
education, and that is Life in all its
manifestations (Whitehead, 1929).”
This view in turn has corollaries for
both the content of education and
its method of delivery.
16. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Philosophy of Education
corollaries:
A. METHOD OF DELIVERY
• Whitehead emphasizes the importance
of remembering that a “pupil’s mind
is a growing organism … it is not a
box to be ruthlessly packed with
alien ideas”
17. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Philosophy of Education
Rhythm of
Education1. Romance 2. Precision
3. Generalization
has 3 processes
corollaries:
A. METHOD OF DELIVERY
18. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Philosophy of Education
corollaries:
A. METHOD OF DELIVERY
“…we must beware of what I call
‘inert ideas’—that is to say, ideas that
are merely received into the mind
without being utilized, or tested, or
thrown into fresh combinations.”
It is not the job of the educator
simply to insert into his students’
minds little chunks of knowledge.
19. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Philosophy of Education
corollaries:
A. METHOD OF DELIVERY
Whitehead also stressed the
importance of IMAGINATION
Imagination is not to be divorced
from the facts: it is a way of
illuminating the facts.
20. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Philosophy of Education
corollaries:
B. CONTENT OF EDUCATION
With regard to content, Whitehead holds
that any adequate education must include:
• a LITERARY COMPONENT;
• a SCIENTIFIC COMPONENT; and
• a TECHNICAL COMPONENT.
III. PROBLEM OF HSTORY
21. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
2. Religion
III. PROBLEM OF HSTORY
It isnot necessarilygood.
(Taking it so is a
dangerous delusion.)
For Whitehead, religion served as a
kind of bridge between philosophy
and the emotions and purposes of a
particular society.
It is the task of religion to make
philosophy applicable to the
everyday lives of ordinary people.
22. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Reality
IV. METAPHYSICS
Scientific Notion:
Reality consists of matter.
(MATERIALISM)
WHITEHEAD:
Reality consists of processes.
(PROCESS PHILOSOPHY)
23. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
1. Reality
IV. METAPHYSICS
Concepts such as "quality",
"matter", and "form" are
problematic.
“Identities do not define people,
people define identities. Everything
changes from moment to moment,
and to think of anything as having
an "enduring essence" misses the
fact that "all things flow.” ”
24. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
2. GOD
IV. METAPHYSICS
Idea of god differs from traditional
monotheistic notions.
God is not necessarily tied to religion.
Rather than springing primarily from
religious faith by metaphysical
system.
25. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
2. GOD
IV. METAPHYSICS
CONSEQUENT NATURE
PRIMORDIAL NATURE
Eternal and unchanging
"the lure for feeling, the
eternal urge of desire"
God's reception of the
world's activity
God and the world as
fulfilling one another
26. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
V. PROCESS PHILOSOPHY
Process philosophy is a
longstanding philosophical
tradition that emphasizes becoming
and changing over static being.
In actuality, there are no
static substances but only
events/occasions/processes
The smallest processes are called
actual entities - drops of
experiences that constitute nature
27. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
V. PROCESS PHILOSOPHY
Actual entities: entities that really
exist in the natural world;
concrete
Abstract entities: also called
‘object’; abstraction
one commits the fallacy of
MISPLACED
CONCRETENESS when an
abstract entity is taken as
something concrete
28. Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead
CLASSICAL ARISTOTELIAN-
THOMISTIC I:
Focuses on reaching fixed goal
PROCESS I:
Working on moving towards a
goal that is never truly complete
V. PROCESS PHILOSOPHY
29. Alfred
North
Whitehead Jessie Paano
Vince Millona
BA-I
Alfred
North
Whitehead
References:
Desmet, R. & Irvine, A. (2018) Alfred North Whitehead.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/whitehead/
Herstein, G. (2015) Whitehead, Alfred North. Internet
Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
https://www.iep.utm.edu/whitehed/
Bracken, J. (2015). Process Philosophy of Alfred North
Whitehead. https://www.youtube.com.
Editor's Notes
Process philo is his metap6
HIS UNPUBLISHED WORKS WERE BURNED BY HIS WIFE AS ALFRED’S REQUEST. His published works must be the only basis for hi thoughts.
From his 1929 work The Aims of Education
*Reax on the negative effect of industrial revolution on education:
-focus on tech-voc
-focus on sci
-focus on lit
The first stage is all about “free exploration, initiated by wonder”, the second about the disciplined “acquirement of technique and detailed knowledge”, and the third about “the free application of what has been learned”
By skipping stage one, and never arriving at stage three, bad math teachers deny students the major motivation to love mathematics: the joy of pattern recognition.
Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness of beauty and humane feeling. Scraps of information have nothing to do with it.
education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful
Imagination works by drawing out general principles and then by an intellectual
survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those
principles.
It enables men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world.
In considering religion, we should not be obsessed by the idea of its necessary goodness. This is a dangerous delusion.
Indeed history, down to the present day, is a melancholy record of the horrors which can attend religion: human sacrifice, and in particular, the slaughter of children, cannibalism, hatred as between races, the maintenance of degrading customs, hysteria, bigotry, can all be laid at its charge. The uncritical association of religion with goodness is directly negative by plain facts.
Matter - objects; unchanging; change is caused by external factors (FORM / ACCIDENS)
It focuses on change rather than unchanging reality; BEING THEN IS BASICALLY further and further BECOMING (I AM THIS IN ORDER TO BECOME MORE). Perfection is not to be found in actuality but in greater and greater potentiality to become more and more
(The process metaphysics/philo of organism elaborated in Process and Reality[17] posits an ontology which is based on the two kinds of existence of an entity, that of actual entity and that of abstract entity or abstraction, also called 'object‘)
Actual entity is a term coined by Whitehead to refer to the entities that really exist in the natural world.[21] For Whitehead, actual entities are spatiotemporally extended events or processes.[22] An actual entity is how something is happening, and how its happening is related to other actual entities.[22] The actually existing world is a multiplicity of actual entities overlapping one another.[22]
It focuses on change rather than unchanging reality; BEING THEN IS BASICALLY further and further BECOMING (I AM THIS IN ORDER TO BECOME MORE). Perfection is not to be found in actuality but in greater and greater potentiality to become more and more
(The process metaphysics/philo of organism elaborated in Process and Reality[17] posits an ontology which is based on the two kinds of existence of an entity, that of actual entity and that of abstract entity or abstraction, also called 'object‘)
Actual entity is a term coined by Whitehead to refer to the entities that really exist in the natural world.[21] For Whitehead, actual entities are spatiotemporally extended events or processes.[22] An actual entity is how something is happening, and how its happening is related to other actual entities.[22] The actually existing world is a multiplicity of actual entities overlapping one another.[22]
FALLACY OF MISPLACED CONCRETENESS:
Ex - Justice is blind; the blind cannot read printed laws; therefore, to print laws cannot serve justice.