this is the information about a scientist and a phisicist whose name is albert einstien and is the inventer of e =mc2

1. QUICKFACTS
NAME
AlbertEinstein
OCCUPATION
Physicist,Scientist
BIRTHDATE
March14,1879
DEATHDATE
April18,1955
DIDYOUKNOW?
EinsteinwasaskedtobethepresidentofIsrael,buthedeclined:AfterChaimWeizmann,Israel's
firstpresident,diedin1952,thecountry'sprimeministerofferedthejobtoEinstein.
DIDYOUKNOW?
Einsteindiedafterrefusingsurgery,saying,"IwanttogowhenIwant.Itistastelesstoprolonglife
artificially.Ihavedonemyshare,itistimetogo.Iwilldoitelegantly."
DIDYOUKNOW?
EinsteinwasamemberoftheNAACP,drawingcorrelationsbetweenblacksinAmericaandJews
inGermany.Hebelievedracismwasadisease.
EDUCATION
EidgenössischePolytechnischeSchule(SwissFederalPolytechnicSchool),LuitpoldGymnasium
PLACEOFBIRTH
Ulm,Württemberg,Germany
PLACEOFDEATH

2. Princeton,NewJersey
QUOTES
“The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil,
but because of the people who don't do anything about it.”
—Albert Einstein
ALBERTEINSTEINBIOGRAPHY
Physicist, Scientist (1879–1955)

AlbertEinsteinwasaGerman-bornphysicistwhodevelopedthegeneraltheoryof
relativity.Heisconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialphysicistsofthe20th
century.
WHO WAS ALBERT EINSTEIN?
AlbertEinstein(March14,1879toApril18,1955)wasaGermanmathematicianand
physicist whodevelopedthespecialandgeneraltheoriesofrelativity.In1921,he
wontheNobelPrizeforphysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffect.In
thefollowingdecade,heimmigratedtotheU.S.afterbeingtargetedbytheNazis.
Hisworkalsohadamajorimpactonthedevelopmentofatomicenergy.Inhislater
years,Einsteinfocusedonunifiedfieldtheory.Withhispassionforinquiry,
Einsteinisgenerallyconsideredthemostinfluentialphysicist ofthe20thcentury.
ALBERT EINSTEIN’S INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES

3. Asaphysicist, Einsteinhadmanydiscoveries,butheisperhapsbestknownforhis
theoryofrelativityandtheequationE=MC2,whichforeshadowedthe
developmentofatomicpowerandtheatomicbomb.
THEORY OF RELATIVITY
Einsteinfirstproposedaspecialtheoryofrelativityin1905inhispaper,“Onthe
ElectrodynamicsofMovingBodies,”takingphysicsinanelectrifyingnew
direction.ByNovember1915,Einsteincompletedthegeneraltheoryofrelativity.
Einsteinconsideredthistheorytheculminationofhisliferesearch.Hewas
convincedofthemeritsofgeneralrelativitybecauseitallowedforamoreaccurate
predictionofplanetaryorbitsaroundthesun,whichfellshortinIsaacNewton’s
theory,andforamoreexpansive,nuancedexplanationofhowgravitationalforces
worked.Einstein'sassertionswereaffirmedviaobservationsandmeasurementsby
BritishastronomersSirFrankDysonandSirArthurEddingtonduringthe1919
solareclipse,andthusaglobalscienceiconwasborn.
EINSTEIN’S E=MC2
Einstein’s1905paperonthematter/energyrelationshipproposedtheequation
E=MC2:energyofabody(E)isequaltothemass(M)ofthatbodytimesthespeedof
lightsquared(C2).Thisequationsuggestedthattinyparticlesofmattercouldbe
convertedintohugeamountsofenergy,adiscoverythatheraldedatomicpower.
FamedquantumtheoristMaxPlanckbackeduptheassertionsofEinstein,who
thusbecameastarofthelecturecircuitandacademia,takingonvariouspositions

4. beforebecomingdirectoroftheKaiserWilhelmInstituteforPhysicsfrom1913to
1933.
FAMILY
AlbertEinsteingrewupinasecularJewishfamily.Hisfather,HermannEinstein,
wasasalesmanandengineerwho,withhisbrother,foundedElektrotechnische
FabrikJ.Einstein&Cie,aMunich-basedcompanythatmanufacturedelectrical
equipment.Albert’smother,theformerPaulineKoch,ranthefamilyhousehold.
Einsteinhadonesister,Maja,borntwoyearsafterhim.
EINSTEIN’S WIVES AND CHILDREN
AlbertEinsteinmarriedMilenaMariconJan.6,1903.Whileattendingschoolin
Zurich,EinsteinmetMaric,aSerbianphysicsstudent.Einsteincontinuedtogrow
closertoMaric,buthisparentswerestronglyagainsttherelationshipduetoher
ethnicbackground.Nonetheless,Einsteincontinuedtoseeher,withthetwo
developingacorrespondencevialettersinwhichheexpressedmanyofhisscientific
ideas.Einstein’sfatherpassedawayin1902,andthecouplemarriedthereafter.
Thatsameyearthecouplehadadaughter,Lieserl,whomighthavebeenlaterraised
byMaric'srelativesorgivenupforadoption.Herultimatefateandwhereabouts
remainamystery.Thecouplewentontohavetwosons,HansandEduard.The
marriagewouldnotbeahappyone,withthetwodivorcingin1919andMarichaving
anemotionalbreakdowninconnectiontothesplit.Einstein,aspartofasettlement,

5. agreedtogiveMaricanyfundshemightreceivefrompossiblywinningtheNobel
Prizeinthefuture.
DuringhismarriagetoMaric,Einsteinhadalsobegunanaffairsometimeearlier
withacousin,ElsaLöwenthal.Thecouplewedin1919,thesameyearofEinstein’s
divorce.Hewouldcontinuetoseeotherwomenthroughouthissecondmarriage,
whichendedwithLöwenthal'sdeathin1936.
WHEN AND WHERE WAS ALBERT EINSTEIN BORN?
AlbertEinsteinwasbornonMarch14,1879inUlm,Württemberg,Germany.
WHEN DID ALBERT EINSTEIN DIE?
AlbertEinsteindiedattheUniversityMedicalCenteratPrincetonearlyinthe
morningonApril18,1955attheageof76.Thepreviousday,whileworkingona
speechtohonorIsrael'sseventhanniversary,Einsteinsufferedanabdominalaortic
aneurysm.Hewastakentothehospitalfortreatmentbutrefusedsurgery,believing
thathehadlivedhislifeandwascontenttoaccepthisfate."IwanttogowhenI
want,"hestatedatthetime."Itistastelesstoprolonglifeartificially.Ihavedonemy
share,itistimetogo.Iwilldoitelegantly."
EINSTEIN’S BRAIN

6. DuringAlbertEinstein’sautopsy,ThomasStoltzHarveyremovedhisbrain,
reportedlywithoutthepermissionofhisfamily,forpreservationandfuturestudy
bydoctorsofneuroscience.HoweverduringhislifeEinsteinparticipatedinbrain
studies,andatleastonebiographysayshehopedresearcherswouldstudyhisbrain
afterhedied.Einstein'sbrainisnowlocatedatthePrincetonUniversityMedical
Center,andhisremainswerecrematedandhisashesscatteredinanundisclosed
location,followinghiswishes.
In1999,CanadianscientistswhowerestudyingEinstein’sbrainfoundthathis
inferiorparietallobe,theareathatprocessesspatialrelationships,3D-
visualizationandmathematicalthought,was15percentwiderthaninpeoplewith
normalintelligence.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,theresearchersbelieveit
mayhelpexplainwhyEinsteinwassointelligent.
EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION
EinsteinattendedelementaryschoolattheLuitpoldGymnasiuminMunich.
However,hefeltalienatedthereandstruggledwiththeinstitution'srigid
pedagogicalstyle.Healsohadwhatwereconsideredspeechchallenges,thoughhe
developedapassionforclassicalmusicandplayingtheviolinthatwouldstaywith
himintohislateryears.Mostsignificantly,Einstein'syouthwasmarkedbydeep
inquisitivenessandinquiry.

7. Towardstheendofthe1880s,MaxTalmud,aPolishmedicalstudentwho
sometimesdinedwiththeEinsteinfamily,becameaninformaltutortoyoung
Albert.Talmudhadintroducedhispupiltoachildren’ssciencetextthatinspired
Einsteintodreamaboutthenatureoflight.Thus,duringhisteens,Einsteinpenned
whatwouldbeseenashisfirstmajorpaper,"TheInvestigationoftheStateofAether
inMagneticFields."
HermannEinsteinrelocatedthefamilytoMilan,Italy,inthemid-1890safterhis
businesslostoutonamajorcontract.Albertwasleftatarelative'sboardinghousein
MunichtocompletehisschoolingattheLuitpoldGymnasium.Facedwithmilitary
dutywhenheturnedofage,Albertallegedlywithdrewfromclasses,usinga
doctor’snotetoexcusehimselfandclaimnervousexhaustion.Withtheirson
rejoiningtheminItaly,hisparentsunderstoodEinstein'sperspectivebutwere
concernedabouthisfutureprospectsasaschooldropoutanddraftdodger.
EinsteinwaseventuallyabletogainadmissionintotheSwissFederalPolytechnic
SchoolinZurich,specificallyduetohissuperbmathematicsandphysicsscoreson
theentranceexam.Hewasstillrequiredtocompletehispre-universityeducation
first,andthusattendedahighschoolinAarau,SwitzerlandhelmedbyJost
Winteler.Einsteinlivedwiththeschoolmaster'sfamilyandfellinlovewith
Winteler'sdaughter,Marie.EinsteinlaterrenouncedhisGermancitizenshipand
becameaSwisscitizenatthedawnofthenewcentury.

8. Aftergraduating,Einsteinfacedmajorchallengesintermsoffindingacademic
positions,havingalienatedsomeprofessorsovernotattendingclassmoreregularly
inlieuofstudyingindependently.Einsteineventuallyfoundsteadyworkin1902
afterreceivingareferralforaclerkpositioninaSwisspatentoffice.Whileworking
atthepatentoffice,Einsteinhadthetimetofurtherexploreideasthathadtaken
holdduringhisstudiesatPolytechnicandthuscementedhistheoremsonwhat
wouldbeknownastheprincipleofrelativity.
In1905—seenbymanyasa"miracleyear"forthetheorist—Einsteinhadfourpapers
publishedintheAnnalenderPhysik,oneofthebestknownphysicsjournalsofthe
era.TwofocusedonphotoelectriceffectandBrownianmotion.Thetwoothers,
whichoutlinedE=MC2andthespecialtheoryofrelativity,weredefiningfor
Einstein’scareerandthecourseofthestudyofphysics.
NOBEL PRIZE FOR PHYSICS
In1921,EinsteinwontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthe
photoelectriceffect,sincehisideasonrelativitywerestillconsidered
questionable.Hewasn'tactuallygiventheawarduntilthefollowingyearduetoa
bureaucraticruling,andduringhisacceptancespeechhestilloptedtospeakabout
relativity.
Inthedevelopmentofhisgeneraltheory,Einsteinhadheldontothebeliefthatthe
universewasafixed,staticentity,akaa"cosmologicalconstant,"thoughhislater

9. theoriesdirectlycontradictedthisideaandassertedthattheuniversecouldbeina
stateofflux.AstronomerEdwinHubblededucedthatweindeedinhabitan
expandinguniverse,withthetwoscientistsmeetingattheMountWilson
ObservatorynearLosAngelesin1930.
BECOMING A U.S. CITIZEN
In1933,EinsteintookonapositionattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyatPrinceton,
NewJersey.AtthetimetheNazis,ledbyAdolfHitler,weregainingprominence
withviolentpropagandaandvitriolinanimpoverishedpost-WWIGermany.The
partyinfluencedotherscientiststolabelEinstein'swork"Jewishphysics."Jewish
citizenswerebarredfromuniversityworkandotherofficialjobs,andEinstein
himselfwastargetedtobekilled.Meanwhile,otherEuropeanscientistsalsoleft
regionsthreatenedbyGermanyandimmigratedtotheU.S.,withconcernoverNazi
strategiestocreateanatomicweapon.Aftermoving,Einsteinneverwentbackto
hisnativeland.ItwasatPrincetonthatEinsteinwouldspendtherestofhislife
workingonaunifiedfieldtheory—anall-embracingparadigmmeanttounifythe
variedlawsofphysics.
NotlongafterhebeganhiscareeratPrinceton,Einsteinexpressedanappreciation
forAmerican"meritocracy"andtheopportunitiespeoplehadforfreethought,a
starkcontrasttohisownexperiencescomingofage.In1935,Einsteinwasgranted
permanentresidencyinhisadoptedcountryandbecameanAmericancitizenafew
yearslater.DuringWWII,heworkedonNavy-basedweaponssystemsandmade

10. bigmonetarydonationstothemilitarybyauctioningoffmanuscriptsworth
millions.
EINSTEIN AND THE ATOMIC BOMB
In1939,Einsteinandfellowphysicist LeoSzilardwrotetoPresidentFranklinD.
RoosevelttoalerthimofthepossibilityofaNazibombandtogalvanizetheUnited
Statestocreateitsownnuclearweapons.TheU.S.wouldeventuallyinitiate
theManhattanProject,thoughEinsteinwouldnottakedirectpartinits
implementationduetohispacifistandsocialistaffiliations.Einsteinwasalsothe
recipientofmuchscrutinyandmajordistrustfromFBIdirectorJ.EdgarHoover.
Afterlearningofthe1945bombingofHiroshima,Japan,Einsteinbecameamajor
playerineffortstocurtailusageofthea-bomb.ThefollowingyearheandSzilard
foundedtheEmergencyCommitteeofAtomicScientists,andin1947,viaanessay
forTheAtlanticMonthly,EinsteinespousedworkingwiththeUnitedNationsto
maintainnuclearweaponsasadeterrenttoconflict.
MEMBER OF THE NAACP
Inthelate1940s,EinsteinbecameamemberoftheNationalAssociationforthe
AdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP),seeingtheparallelsbetweenthe
treatmentofJewsinGermanyandAfricanAmericansintheUnitedStates.He
correspondedwithscholar/activistW.E.B.DuBoisaswellasperforming

11. artistPaulRobesonandcampaignedforcivilrights,callingracisma"disease"ina
1946LincolnUniversityspeech.
TIME TRAVEL AND QUANTUM THEORY
AfterWorldWarII,Einsteincontinuedtoworkonhisunifiedfieldtheoryandkey
aspectsofthetheoryofgeneralrelativity,suchaswormholes,thepossibilityoftime
travel,theexistenceofblackholesandthecreationoftheuniverse.However,he
becameincreasinglyisolatedfromtherestofthephysicscommunity,whoseeyes
weresetonquantumtheory.Inthelastdecadeofhislife,Einstein,whohadalways
seenhimselfasaloner,withdrewevenfurtherfromanysortofspotlight,preferring
tostayclosetoPrincetonandimmersehimselfinprocessingideaswithcolleagues.
LEGACY
SinceEinstein’sdeath,averitablemountainofbookshavebeenwrittenonthe
iconicthinker'slife,includingEinstein:HisLifeandUniversebyWalterIsaacson
andEinstein:ABiographybyJürgenNeffe,bothfrom2007.Einstein'sownwords
arepresentedinthecollectionTheWorldasISeeIt.
SOMEPHOTOS OFALBERTEINSTIEN

12. ALBERTEINSTEIN AT THE AGEOF3
ALBERT EINSTIENATTHE AGE OF21
BEAUTIFUL QUOTES BYALERTEINSTEIN
ALBERTEINSTIEN TEACHING HIS STUDENTS

13. THANKYOU
BY CHEKITSHARMA[IX D]