Air is present all around us but invisible to our eyes. Its presence can be inferred through observations like clothes swaying, fluttering pages, and bending trees during wind. Air is a mixture of gases, principally nitrogen (78%) and oxygen. Oxygen is essential for respiration and combustion, while nitrogen does not support either process. The thin layer of air surrounding Earth is called the atmosphere, which provides decreasing amounts of oxygen at higher altitudes, necessitating oxygen cylinders for mountaineers. Plants and animals both consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide through respiration. Water vapor is also present in air and can condense into visible droplets. Smoke and dust particles are other air components. The long chimneys of factories discharge harmful smoke high into