Importance of Agriculture
Grows food crops that is necessary for living.
Important role in agro based industries.
Major occupation, provides money for farmers.
Crops grown through agriculture can be traded with other countries through
land and water.
Crops grown through agriculture bind the soil together by their roots and
prevent soil erosion.
3.
Agriculture
• Derived from2 Latin words- ager means field and cultra means to cultivate.
• Agriculture refers to the cultivation of a field.
4.
Subsistence farming
Practisedby farmers with small pieces of land.
Farmers grow just enough to meet their needs and those of their families.
Generally grow rice or vegetables and use organic or natural fertilizers like
cow dung, animal droppings and dead and dried plants.
They depend on rainfall for water for the crops.
5.
Intensive farming
Practisedon small plots of land
Farmer tries to get maximum yield on his land by using cross bred hybrid
seeds, pleanty of fertilizers and pesticides
Expensive <cost of HYV SEEDS + labour help>
Major crops are rice wheat cotton sugar cane
Yield per acre is high as night soil animal manure household waste are used
Methods used are double cropping multiple cropping and crop rotation
Mainly practised in the Indian subcontinent china japan and Korea
In India, valleys of Himalayan region and narrower plains of Brahmaputra
valley in Assam.
6.
Extensive farming
Practisedin areas of low population where plenty of land is available
Less human labour is available hence large machines<combine harvester> are
used.
Maize wheat barley are major crops
Size of farm is 1000 to 2000 acres
Practised in Temperate grasslands
Usa, Canada and Australia
India, Punjab and Haryana
7.
Commercial farming
Cropsare grown on large scale, mainly for
selling in the market
Main aim is profit
Farms may or may not be very large
HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides,
modern irrigation techniques, and cold
storage to store produce after harvest
Europe, usa Canada, Russia, Australia
Apples grapes mushrooms cauliflower broccoli
Product Place
Onions Nasik, Maharashtra
Oranges Maharashtra and
Sikkim
Cauliflower South WB
Apples HP and Kashmir
Rice Haryana, Punjab,
Uttrakhand, HP
Coconuts and spices
<ginger, garlic>
Kerala
potatoes WB and Maharashtra
Mangoes Bihar
8.
Plantation farming
Typeof commercial farming
Planted over a large area called plantation
Cash crops only, quality control is important as products trade home and abroad
Work is highly organized
Large amount of money is required as capital and modern scientific techniques
are incorporated.
Farms anre very big
