This document discusses the challenges of transforming the global economic system to address climate change through green fiscal reform and growth. It notes misalignments in current tax structures that do not incentivize low-carbon transformation. While concerns exist around equity, competitiveness and growth, the document finds that well-designed environmental policies with revenue recycling need not harm, and may even benefit, economic outcomes if implemented in a coordinated manner across countries. Stringent climate policies that price carbon and support clean innovation are still needed to meet emissions targets.
OECD Green Growth Policy Review of Indonesia 2019 - Launch presentationOECD Environment
On 10 July 2019, the OECD released the first Green Growth Policy Review of Indonesia. It examines progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a special emphasis on the nexus of land use, ecosystems and climate change.
OECD Green Growth Policy Review of Indonesia 2019 - Launch presentationOECD Environment
On 10 July 2019, the OECD released the first Green Growth Policy Review of Indonesia. It examines progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a special emphasis on the nexus of land use, ecosystems and climate change.
ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 3 - Sir David King OECD Environment
ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 3 - Sir David King
“How national governments can deal with large-scale environmental risks and reconcile growth and environment objectives”.
On 15 October 2019, Jonas Teusch (OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration) discussed the key findings from the OECD publication, Taxing Energy Use 2019, which presents new and original data on energy and carbon taxes in OECD and G20 countries, and in international aviation and maritime transport.
Global energy consumption rose strongly in 2018 along with energy-related CO2 emissions, reaching a new all-time high. This is disconcerting, as meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement will require deep cuts in emissions. Taxing polluting sources of energy is an effective way to curb emissions that harm the planet and human health. Where do countries stand in deploying energy and carbon taxes to reach environmental and climate goals? How can governments step up efforts?
OECD Green Talks Webinar: Carbon Pricing Trends - Measuring the MomentumOECDtax
Decarbonisation keeps climate change in check and contributes to cleaner air and water. Carbon pricing is a cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions, but countries are still not using this tool to its full potential to curb climate change. xperts from the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration presented the key findings from their report on Effective Carbon Rates, which measures pricing of CO2-emissions from energy use in 42 OECD and G20 countries, covering 80% of world emissions, and provided a first appreciation of countries’ progress since 2012.
Sustainable Mobility and Freight - OECD Environmental Performance Review of I...OECD Environment
Sustainable Mobility and Freight - OECD Environmental Performance Review of Ireland 2021 - Launch presentation by Jari KAUPPILA (ITF) given on 10 May 2021
ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 3 - Sir David King OECD Environment
ENV GLOBAL FORUM OCT 2016 - Session 3 - Sir David King
“How national governments can deal with large-scale environmental risks and reconcile growth and environment objectives”.
On 15 October 2019, Jonas Teusch (OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration) discussed the key findings from the OECD publication, Taxing Energy Use 2019, which presents new and original data on energy and carbon taxes in OECD and G20 countries, and in international aviation and maritime transport.
Global energy consumption rose strongly in 2018 along with energy-related CO2 emissions, reaching a new all-time high. This is disconcerting, as meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement will require deep cuts in emissions. Taxing polluting sources of energy is an effective way to curb emissions that harm the planet and human health. Where do countries stand in deploying energy and carbon taxes to reach environmental and climate goals? How can governments step up efforts?
OECD Green Talks Webinar: Carbon Pricing Trends - Measuring the MomentumOECDtax
Decarbonisation keeps climate change in check and contributes to cleaner air and water. Carbon pricing is a cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions, but countries are still not using this tool to its full potential to curb climate change. xperts from the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration presented the key findings from their report on Effective Carbon Rates, which measures pricing of CO2-emissions from energy use in 42 OECD and G20 countries, covering 80% of world emissions, and provided a first appreciation of countries’ progress since 2012.
Sustainable Mobility and Freight - OECD Environmental Performance Review of I...OECD Environment
Sustainable Mobility and Freight - OECD Environmental Performance Review of Ireland 2021 - Launch presentation by Jari KAUPPILA (ITF) given on 10 May 2021
Banks or Bonds? Building a Municipal Credit MarketMauro Bassotti
Asian cities cannot finance the infrastructure investments they need without accessing private domestic savings. Urban growth has multiplied demand for investment in
water systems, wastewater collection and treatment, roads, and other facilities. At the same time, decentralization strategies have shifted much of the responsibility for this investment to local governments. Private financing can be attracted to urban infrastructure
in different ways—including direct private investment in income-earning facilities—but perhaps the most critical avenue will be the local credit market. In a world of decentralized governance, domestic credit markets must be capable of generating long-term financing for cities and their infrastructure agencies.
For Africa to achieve transformative progress, policy solutions must come from African sources. The Africa
Growth Initiative brings together African scholars to provide policymakers with high-quality research,
expertise and innovative solutions that promote Africa’s economic development. The Initiative also
collaborates with research partners in the region to raise the African voice in global policy debates on
Africa. Our mission is to deliver research from an African perspective that informs sound policy, creating
sustained economic growth and development for the people of Africa.
Pensions at a Glance: Latin America and the CaribbeanMauro Bassotti
The biggest pension policy challenge faced by most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) today is low coverage of formal pension systems, both in terms of the proportion of workers participating in pension schemes and the proportion of the elderly receiving some kind of pension income. Efforts to close the coverage gap, for example, through non-contributory pensions, are therefore at the heart of the pension policy debate
in the region. However, these policies might pose significant fiscal challenges in the next decades as the population ages. Chapter 2 presents three main indicators describing the demographic conditions relevant for pension policy, namely fertility rates, life expectancy and old-age support ratios. This is followed by a systematic comparison, in Chapter 3, of system designs across countries using the standard OECD Pensions at a Glance typology and presenting several key indicators of adequacy, including gender-specific gross and net
replacement rates and pension wealth at different income levels. Finally, Chapter 4 provides the profiles of each pension system in Latin America and the Caribbean in terms of their architecture, rules and parameters.
This Economist Intelligence Unit/Multilateral
Investment Fund report is an introduction to the
2014 Infrascope study that analyzes public-private
partnerships (PPPs) in Latin America and the
Caribbean. Smart mobility PPPs in Latin America
looks at how smart solutions to mobility challenges
in the region lend themselves to a PPP framework.
The report examines the mobility challenges the
region faces, to what extent smart mobility
solutions are used by governments, and the role
the private sector plays in coming up with
innovative mobility solutions. More importantly,
the report analyzes mobility solutions that are
most likely to lend themselves to PPP investment.
OLDER AMERICANS Inability to Repay Student Loans May Affect Financial Secur...Mauro Bassotti
Recent studies have indicated that
many Americans may be approaching
their retirement years with increasing
levels of various kinds of debt. Such
debt can reduce net worth and income,
thereby diminishing overall retirement
financial security. Student loan debt
held by older Americans can be
especially daunting because unlike
other types of debt, it generally cannot
be discharged in bankruptcy. GAO was
asked to examine the extent of student
loan debt held by older Americans and
the implications of default.
The Role of Taxes in Mitigating Income Inequality Across the U.S. States5Mauro Bassotti
Income inequality has risen dramatically in the United States since at least 1980. This paper examines the role that tax policies play in mitigating income inequality. The analysis primarily focuses on state taxes, but also explores federal taxes
LA STRATEGIA REGIONALE DI RICERCA E INNOVAZIONE PER LA SPECIALIZZAZIONE INTEL...Mauro Bassotti
La Strategia regionale di ricerca e innovazione per la Specializzazione intelligente della Regione
Umbria (RIS3 Umbria) è il risultato di un percorso partecipato e condiviso avviato
dall’Amministrazione regionale con il partenariato economico e sociale regionale e con i cittadini,
che si sono interrogati sul ruolo della ricerca e dell’innovazione in Umbria e hanno delineato una
prospettiva condivisa del “cambiamento atteso” finalizzato a “costruire le basi” per creare un
vantaggio competitivo sostenibile della nostra regione. I contributi del partenariato e dei cittadini
sono stati raccolti sia nel corso degli incontri organizzati nell’ambito dell’ “Alleanza Umbria 2015”
sia attraverso la sezione di e-democracy del sito della Regione Umbria dedicata alla RIS3
Adults, Computers and Problem Solving: What’s the Problem?Mauro Bassotti
Information and communication technologies (ICT) permeate every aspect of our lives, from how we “talk” with friends
to how we participate in the political process. The volume of information now accessible at the click of a mouse or the
touch of a fingertip is overwhelming. But how skilled are we at using these technologies, and the information we can
collect through them, to solve problems we encounter in daily life, such as using e-mail to communicate with a friend
or knowing how to work with a spreadsheet?
Based on results from the 2012 Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment
of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), this report reveals the extent to which today’s adults can and do use computers to solve
problems in their work and personal lives. The report shows that the ability to use computers is not only becoming an
essential skill, but proficiency in computer use has an impact on the likelihood of participating in the labour force and
on workers’ wages. It also shows that there are many adults in all countries that participated in the Survey of Adult Skills
who do not possess sufficient skills in managing information in digital environments and are not comfortable using
ICT to solve the kinds of problems that they are likely to encounter at work or in everyday life. These adults are at a
considerable disadvantage in 21st-century societies.
As this detailed examination makes clear, adults’ proficiency in problem solving using ICT includes both proficiency
in the cognitive skills needed to solve problems and the ability to use digital devices and functionality to access and
manage information. Governments need to ensure that all adults have access to digital technologies and networks, and
are given opportunities to develop their proficiency in using them, whether in formal education, on-the-job training, or
through lifelong learning activities. Opting out of this increasingly wired world is no longer a viable option.
Andreas Schleicher
Green Talks LIVE | Assessing the Economic Impacts of Environmental PoliciesOECD Environment
On 17 May 2021, OECD Chief Economist Laurence Boone launched a publication presenting evidence from a decade of OECD research and analysis, which looks at the relationship between environmental policies and economic outcomes such as employment, investment, trade and productivity. Over the years, governments have gradually adopted more rigorous environmental policies to tackle challenges associated with pressing environmental issues, such as climate change, air pollution, waste management or biodiversity loss. The ambition of these policies is, however, often tempered by their perceived negative effects on the economy.
In a world characterised by the rise in global value chains and capital flows, do differences in the stringency of environmental policies across countries alter firms’ competitiveness and cost jobs? Does taking the lead trigger a first-mover advantage? What are the differentiated impacts across firms, industries and regions? And are these policies effective in reducing emissions from industry?
We explored these questions in the context of the Covid-19 crisis and green recovery during a Green Talks LIVE webinar with insights on designing environmental policies to ensure the largest benefits and compensate workers and industries that may lose out. The presentation was followed by a panel discussion with guest speakers.
Introduction: Rodolfo Lacy, OECD Environment Director
Presentation of key findings: Laurence Boone, OECD Chief Economist
Panel discussion with:
• Al McGartland, Director, National Center for Environmental Economics, United States Environmental Protection Agency
• Clare Lombardelli, Chief Economic Adviser, HM Treasury, United Kingdom
• Riccardo Barbieri, Chief Economist, Italian Treasury
Moderated by: Shardul Agrawala, Head of the OECD Environment and Economy Integration Division
Find the report here: https://www.oecd.org/environment/assessing-the-economic-impacts-of-environmental-policies-bf2fb156-en.htm
Green growth can be seen as a way to pursue economic growth and development, while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and unsustainable natural resource use.
For the short term, green growth can transform the opportunity of the crisis to ensure a more sustainable economic recovery.
For the long term, it will promote new, greener sources of growth.
The OECD is working on policy recommendations to help governments achieve greener growth. The presentation gives an overview of the findings to date and the next steps. It mentions innovation, taxes, jobs and development issues, as well as how to measure progress towards greener growth.
This presentation created and addressed by Gonzalo Saenz de Miera in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Germany has continued to improve its environmental performance over the past decade. It has ambitious climate targets with the aim to reach climate neutrality by 2045 and achieve negative emissions after 2050. Nevertheless, Germany will need to further accelerate climate action, particularly in the buildings and transport sectors, and address the triple crisis of energy, climate and biodiversity in an integrated and holistic manner. As part of its energy crisis response, Germany has taken a series of measures, which are historic in size and scope. They are set to massively accelerate its green energy transition in the coming years. It is also scaling up its engagement on climate change adaptation across all government levels and has initiated an ambitious programme to foster investments in nature-based solutions. This is the fourth OECD Environmental Performance Review of Germany. It provides 28 recommendations to help Germany further improve its environmental performance.
Wedging the gap: the role of non-CO2 greenhouse gases in ambitious emission r...NewClimate Institute
Niklas Höhne from NewClimate Institute (newclimate.org) presents the role of non-CO2 greenhouse gases in ambitious emissions reductions for climate change mitigation.
Economics and Environmental Implications of Carbon Taxation in Malaysia. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the economic and environmental implications of the carbon taxation. With this regard, the present study has extended the relevant local literature by incorporating two contributions in the paper. Firstly, Malaysia currently has not implemented carbon tax on energy inputs or goods and services. In general, the carbon tax is not common in developing countries, considering the subsequent economic cost on inflation and export competitiveness. Given the rising emission level in the country, a detailed study on economic impacts of carbon tax is therefore necessary, before actual implementation. The study first conducts the investigation by retaining all the tax revenues in government’s coffers. The reasons are, firstly, to trace the sole impacts of carbon taxation on the economy; and secondly, due to the increasing pressure to reduce the large government deficit.
OECD Green Talk Live: Taxing Energy Use - Reforming energy tax systems to ach...OECDtax
With almost no emissions from energy use priced at levels required to keep global temperature increases below 2 degrees Celsius, there is still considerable scope, and an urgent need, to improve the use of taxation to reduce pollution and combat climate change.
Green Talks Live on Taxing Energy UseHow do energy and carbon taxes differ across countries, different fuels and sectors? What should be done to reduce emissions and reach global climate goals at minimum cost?
Watch environmental tax economists from the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration to discuss the key findings from the publication, Taxing Energy Use 2018, which measures the magnitude and coverage of energy and carbon taxes in 42 OECD and G20 countries and provides a first appreciation of changes in energy and carbon taxes over time.
Calculating the environmental impacts of public action -- Nils Axel Braathen,...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Nils Axel Braathen, OECD, at the Introductory Workshop on Green Budgeting Tools held at the OECD, Paris, on 29 April 2019
Similar to Transofmation of the economic system: green reform and green growth (20)
This paper provides a comprehensive, updated picture of energy subsidies at the global and
regional levels. It focuses on the broad notion of post-tax energy subsidies, which arise when
consumer prices are below supply costs plus a tax to reflect environmental damage and an
additional tax applied to all consumption goods to raise government revenues. Post-tax
energy subsidies are dramatically higher than previously estimated and are projected to
remain high. These subsidies primarily reflect underpricing from a domestic (rather than global) perspective, so that unilateral price reform is in countries’ own interests. The
potential fiscal, environmental, and welfare impacts of energy subsidy reform are substantial.
The distributional effects of energy taxesMauro Bassotti
A major obstacle to the more widespread use of energy taxation is the concern that energy taxes may be
regressive, hitting the poor harder than the rich. Evidence is surprisingly scarce with only a few studies
investigating the distributional effects of energy taxes in OECD countries. This paper adds to this evidence by
providing a systematic analysis of the distributional effects of the main energy taxes in 21 OECD countries
Con i due Decreti Sviluppo del 2012, sono stati rimossi i principali ostacoli di natura civilistica e fiscale che di fatto precludevano alle PMI la possibilità di emettere obbligazioni per raccogliere risorse finanziarie, privandole di qualsiasi reale alternativa alla strada tradizionale dell’indebitamento bancario. In virtù di questi
interventi le PMI non quotate possono oggi emettere titoli sul mercato obbligazionario, i cosiddetti “mini-bond”, alle medesime condizioni delle società quotate in Borsa.
The Development of the Brazilian Bond Market Mauro Bassotti
The bond market represents a large proportion of the GDP in developed countries but it seems to be underdeveloped in emerging markets. In the particular case of Brazil, it is widely known that firms do not have access to enough credit at a reasonable cost. The goal of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the current state of the Brazilian bond market and provide suggestions to promote
its development.
Este informe de The Economist Intelligence Unit
(EIU) y el Fondo Multilateral de Inversiones
(FOMIN), es una introducción al estudio
Infrascopio 2014, que analiza las Asociaciones
Público-Privadas (APP) en América Latina y el
Caribe. El uso de las APP en la movilidad inteligente
en América Latina y el Caribe observa cómo algunas
soluciones inteligentes para los desafíos de la
movilidad en la región se prestan a la construcción
de un marco propicio para las APP. El informe
revisa los retos que enfrenta la región en materia
de movilidad, en qué medida los gobiernos
emplean soluciones de movilidad inteligente y el
papel del sector privado en el diseño de respuesta
innovadoras. Fundamentalmente, el reporte
explora las soluciones de movilidad con mayor
probabilidad de recibir inversiones de APP.
As the world approaches the 2015 deadline for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the enormous progress that has been made in improving maternal and child health is becoming evident. However, despite the progress, it is equally clear that more remains to be done: far too many newborns, children, adolescents and women
die of preventable conditions every year, and far too few have reliable access to quality health services
GUIDA SINTETICA PER UTENTI ESPERTI SUGLI ADEMPIMENTI SOCIETARI,
REDATTA DALLE CAMERE DI COMMERCIO CON IL COORDINAMENTO DEL
MINISTERO DELLO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO
Broadening horizons How do private equity investors create value? Mauro Bassotti
This reaearch offers informations on the ways wich private capital creates values and delivers commercial returns presenting practical indicators of what it takes to grow a portfolio company to exit succesfully in Africa
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Transofmation of the economic system: green reform and green growth
1. Shardul Agrawala
Head of Environment and Economy Integration Division
Environment Directorate
Bocconi University, Milan
May 18 2015
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM,
GREEN FISCAL REFORM AND GREEN GROWTH:
Some Observations from recent OECD work
2. 2
Outline
The green transformation challenge (focus on climate)
Misalignments in tax structures for a low carbon transformation
Concerns about equity, competitiveness and growth
3. 3
1. The transformation challenge on climate
IPCC Working Group III Fifth
Assessment report (2014)
4. Clear, credible, stringent and economy wide GHG mitigation
targets
Covering all major emission sources, sectors, countries would lower costs and
competitiveness concerns
Putting a visible and credible price on CO2 and other GHGs
Foster innovation and support for clean technologies
Targeted government support for R&D
Policies to reduce financial risks for investing and deploying low carbon
technologies
Complement carbon pricing with well designed regulations (e.g.
fuel, vehicle and building efficiency standards)
Strong climate policy signals clearly needed
5. But … climate policy comes on top of existing goals and
instruments, developed for a fossil-fuel based economy
ECONOMIC
TRADE
COMPETITION
FISCAL
DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION
SOCIAL
INVESTMENT
CLIMATE
6. 2. Misalignments between fiscal structures and
green transformation
Most tax systems were set up when environmental damage and scarcity
were low on the policy agenda
The primary motivation of many green taxes was often revenue raising
than environmental protection
Increasing number of countries are making progress on environmental
tax reforms
But a number of misalignments persist between tax structures and
incentives needed for green transformation
7. Source: Taxing Energy Use in the OECD & Key Partner & Associate Countries (OECD, 2015, forthcoming)
7
2.2 Energy taxes lack a consistent carbon price signal
Weighted average
effective tax rates
Transport Heating & process Electricity All fuels
Energy
EUR/GJ 5.0 0.3 0.3 1.1
Carbon emissions
EUR/tonne CO2
70.1 3.1 3.4 14.8
Effective tax rates on energy and carbon in OECD 34 and 7 Partner countries
8. EXAMPLE – ENERGY MAP FOR THE UK
• Source | OECD | Taxing Energy Use | 2013
9. Source: Taxing Energy Use in the OECD & Key Partner & Associate Countries (OECD, 2015, forthcoming)
DEU
CHE
POL
IND
BRA
ZAF
0
25
50
75
100
100 300 500 700 900
Economy-wide effective tax rate on carbon emissions from energy (EUR per tonne CO2)
Carbon emissions per unit of PPP-adjusted GDP (tonnes CO2 per million USD)
AUS
AUT
BEL
CAN
CHL
CZE
DNK
EST
FIN
FRA
DEU
GRC
HUN
ISL
IRL
ITA
ISR
JPN
KOR
LUX
MEX
NLD
NZL
NOR
POL
PRT
SVK
ESP
SVN
SWE
CHE
TUR
GBR
USA
ARG
BRA CHN
IND
IDN RUS
ZAF
0
25
50
75
100
100 300 500 700 900
Economy-wide effective tax rate on carbon emissions from energy (EUR per tonne CO2)
Carbon emissions per unit of PPP-adjusted GDP (tonnes CO2 per million USD)
9
2.3 Economy-wide effective tax rates on carbon vary
widely … and correlate with with carbon intensity of GDP
10. 2.4 Diesel is consistently taxed much lower than gasoline
0
10
20
30
TUR
NLD
NOR
ITA
GBR
GRC
DEU
FIN
SWE
BEL
FRA
CHE
IRL
DNK
ISR
PRT
JPN
AUT
SVK
CZE
KOR
SVN
ESP
=>ARG
LUX
EST
ISL
HUN
POL
NZL
CHL
=>ZAF
AUS
=>IND
=>CHN
CAN
USA
MEX
=>RUS
=>IDN
=>BRA
Gasoline (road use) Diesel (road use)
Tax rate (EUR per GJ)
Source: OECD calculations
10
11. Company car support
Under-pricing mobility
Preferential treatment of home ownership
Corporate income tax – investment incentives?
11
2.5 some other misalignments in taxation
12. 12
III. Concerns about equity, competitiveness and
growth
Many misalignments at least partly motivated by real or
perceived concerns about social equity, competitiveness and
economic growth
Work by OECD on these aspects has involved a number of
techniques including meta-analysis, micro-simulation and
CGE models, and ex post empirical studies.
Some highlights from recent work follow
13. 13
III a. Income distribution concerns: OECD
experiences
Environmental taxes can have significant effects on low income
households.
Distributional effects depend upon the tax (Flues et al. 2014).
Transport fuel taxes not regressive
Heating fuel taxes slightly regressive
Electricity taxes more regressive than
heating fuel taxes
Some empirical evidence (1990-2011) that environmentally related
taxes in OECD countries associated with slight increase in
inequality in income sources (Oueslati et al. 2015)
However this effect is fully offset if revenue recycling was part of the reform
14. -6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91
Income centile groups
Real income variation in 2020 (% baseline)
Cash transfers
Labour support
Food subsidies
Commodity price effect
Source: ENV-Linkages
Total effect
An Emerging Economy case: Modelling distributional effects of fossil
fuel subsidy phase out by 2020 in Indonesia
Durand Lasserve et al. 2015
15. 15
III b. Competitiveness concerns
Environmentally related taxes are intended to affect production
decisions and will have a disproportionate impact on large polluters
Possible competitiveness impacts, however, are often overstated
German electricity tax: no robust impact of the reduced marginal tax rate
on firm’s turnover, investments, value-added, turnover abroad and
employment (Flues and Lutz, 2015)
UK Climate Change Levy: reductions in energy intensity and electricity use,
without discernible impact on employment, gross output or productivity
(Martin et al., 2011)
Carbon tax in British Columbia: no competitive disadvantage for trade in
the agricultural sector (Rivers and Schaufele, 2014
16. 16
III b. Competitiveness concerns
Lead-in time for affected firms to undertake mitigation
measures can alleviate some competitiveness concerns
… As can recycling revenues from environmental taxes
back to affected firms (while maintaining the marginal
abatement incentive)
However rate reductions and exemptions, for example for
heavy industry, shift some of the abatement burden to
others, or result in an inferior environmental outcome
18. Environmental policies aim primarily at environmental outcomes.
But, will also affect economic outcomes:
e.g. they change relative prices and incentives to innovate and
invest.
e.g. they can distort competition.
Empirical study across 24 OECD countries to examine:
What is the effect of more stringent environmental policies on productivity growth ?
What is the relationship between environmental policy stringency and the
administrative and other burdens it might impose ?
18
IIIc. Concerns about productivity growth
20. B. Environmental policy stringency proxy (OECD, de jure)
AUS
AUT
BEL
CAN
CHE
DEU
DNK
ESP
GBR
GRC
HUN
ITA
JPN
NLD
NOR
POL
PRT
SVK
SWE
USA
IRL
KOR
FRA
1
2
3
4
5
0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Total BEEP indicator
OECD EPS
(de jure, 2012)
Morestringentenvironmentalpolicies
Policies more burdensome to entry and competition
Negative
anticipation
effect
Positive rebound
effect
Increasing Environmental Policy Stringency
does not harm productivity growth
Stringent environmental policies can be
designed without imposing burdens to entry
and competition
Some insights on environmental policies and economic outcomes