Medical colleges are considered one of the most competitive schools compared to other university
departments. Most countries adopted the particular application process to ensure maximum fairness
between students. For example, in UK students apply through the UCAS system, and most of USA
universities use either Coalition App or Common App, on the other hand, some universities use their own
websites. In fact, a Unified Admission Application process is adopted in Jordan for allocating the students
to the public universities. However, the universities and colleges in Jordan are evaluating the applicants by
using merely the centralized system without considering the socioeconomics factor, as the high school GPA
is the essential player their selection mechanism. In this paper, the authors will use an Agent Based model
(ABM) to simulate different scenarios by using Netlogo software (v. 6.3). The authors used different
parameters such as the family-income and the high school GPA in order to maximize the utilities of the
fairness and equalities of universities admission. The model is simulated into different scenarios. For
instance, students with low family income and high GPA given them the priority in studying medicine
comparing with same high school GPA and higher family-income, as a results, after several rotations of
the simulation the reputation of medical schools are identified based on students’ preferences and seats’
allocated as it shows that high ranking universities are mainly allocated with have high cut-off GPA score.
A REVIEW OF AGENT-BASED SIMULATION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ADMISSIONCSEIJJournal
Multiple factors influence college selection and admission behaviors. Most researchers focused on the
academic and socioeconomic factors; the academic factors are high school GPA, SAT, admission tests, etc.
On the other hand, the socioeconomic factors could be family income and first-generation students, which
means parents did not complete their bachelor's degrees. However, some universities admission policies do
not pay any attention to the race or to the minorities even though some of them might be from the lowincome students which could not afford any admission tests, and they might lose their chance to get
admitted into their preferred universities. Therefore, most universities want a fairness admission system
that include both the disadvantaged students along with other high-score achievement students. Thus,
several simulations have been developed by using the agent-based models in order to simulate a real world
system by considering other factors and domains that are varied in the complexities. This paper aimed to
review several Agent-Based Models that are deployed by different admission offices from several
international universities and colleges around the world, which is classified based on the main contribution
of the simulations including the level of educational attainment as well as the universities selection
behaviors.
A Review of Agent-Based Simulation for University Students AdmissionCSEIJJournal
Multiple factors influence college selection and admission behaviors. Most researchers focused on the
academic and socioeconomic factors; the academic factors are high school GPA, SAT, admission tests, etc.
On the other hand, the socioeconomic factors could be family income and first-generation students, which
means parents did not complete their bachelor's degrees. However, some universities admission policies do
not pay any attention to the race or to the minorities even though some of them might be from the low-
income students which could not afford any admission tests, and they might lose their chance to get
admitted into their preferred universities.
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA)IJCSEA Journal
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA) is an open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the computer science, Engineering and Applications. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science, Engineering and Applications.
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges.
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges.
Students Knowledge based Advisor System for Colleges Admission With an Applie...IJRES Journal
This paper presents a knowledge based advisor system designed to aid preparatory year students to achieve their desire of colleges they wanted to be dwelled allocated. The system predicts the 2nd term GPA, and the final term GPA by knowing the 1st semester GPA, then advise students to suitable colleges. A student who is far from achieving his desire is advised to study some aided courses. The system uses historical data extracted from the university database. Then statistical prediction algorithms are developed, to evaluate and to match students’ current desires with colleges’ qualified criteria.
Predicting baccalaureate student result to prevent failure: a hybrid model ap...IAESIJAI
The Moroccan Ministry of National Education has seen substantial modifications over the previous ten years, which have contributed to improving the quality of education. However, there is a discrepancy in the percentage of academic achievement between the regional directorates and educational institutions. Machine learning techniques have become a powerful tool for proactively predicting student admission. The goal of our paper is to build machine learning models using various algorithms to predict the final baccalaureate school year outcomes. We compare regression and classification to find the reasons behind students' failure and to choose an appropriate model for predicting the results. This helps decision-makers make appropriate interventions.
A REVIEW OF AGENT-BASED SIMULATION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ADMISSIONCSEIJJournal
Multiple factors influence college selection and admission behaviors. Most researchers focused on the
academic and socioeconomic factors; the academic factors are high school GPA, SAT, admission tests, etc.
On the other hand, the socioeconomic factors could be family income and first-generation students, which
means parents did not complete their bachelor's degrees. However, some universities admission policies do
not pay any attention to the race or to the minorities even though some of them might be from the lowincome students which could not afford any admission tests, and they might lose their chance to get
admitted into their preferred universities. Therefore, most universities want a fairness admission system
that include both the disadvantaged students along with other high-score achievement students. Thus,
several simulations have been developed by using the agent-based models in order to simulate a real world
system by considering other factors and domains that are varied in the complexities. This paper aimed to
review several Agent-Based Models that are deployed by different admission offices from several
international universities and colleges around the world, which is classified based on the main contribution
of the simulations including the level of educational attainment as well as the universities selection
behaviors.
A Review of Agent-Based Simulation for University Students AdmissionCSEIJJournal
Multiple factors influence college selection and admission behaviors. Most researchers focused on the
academic and socioeconomic factors; the academic factors are high school GPA, SAT, admission tests, etc.
On the other hand, the socioeconomic factors could be family income and first-generation students, which
means parents did not complete their bachelor's degrees. However, some universities admission policies do
not pay any attention to the race or to the minorities even though some of them might be from the low-
income students which could not afford any admission tests, and they might lose their chance to get
admitted into their preferred universities.
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA)IJCSEA Journal
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA) is an open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the computer science, Engineering and Applications. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science, Engineering and Applications.
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges.
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges
ESTIMATION OF PERSISTENCE AT A COMMUNITY COLLEGE: A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE...IJCSEA Journal
This research focuses on developing persistence models for Rio Salado College. It is an initial effort to
predict persistence from one term to the next. Several ensemble models are experimented and compared in
their respective key metrics such as: confusion matrix, AUC, F1-Score, and feature importance.
Exploratory data analysis is undertaken to narrow the set of variables utilized in the models. Two models
were considered for possible implementation: a logistic regression and a gradient boosting machine. The
former is easier to implement and explain to non-technical personnel, while the latter behaves like a black
box. Based on key performance metrics, the model of choice was the gradient boosting machine.
Development and testing were conducted with python using jupyter notebooks. The author hopes that this
experimental process will fill a vacuum in the analytical needs of community colleges.
Students Knowledge based Advisor System for Colleges Admission With an Applie...IJRES Journal
This paper presents a knowledge based advisor system designed to aid preparatory year students to achieve their desire of colleges they wanted to be dwelled allocated. The system predicts the 2nd term GPA, and the final term GPA by knowing the 1st semester GPA, then advise students to suitable colleges. A student who is far from achieving his desire is advised to study some aided courses. The system uses historical data extracted from the university database. Then statistical prediction algorithms are developed, to evaluate and to match students’ current desires with colleges’ qualified criteria.
Predicting baccalaureate student result to prevent failure: a hybrid model ap...IAESIJAI
The Moroccan Ministry of National Education has seen substantial modifications over the previous ten years, which have contributed to improving the quality of education. However, there is a discrepancy in the percentage of academic achievement between the regional directorates and educational institutions. Machine learning techniques have become a powerful tool for proactively predicting student admission. The goal of our paper is to build machine learning models using various algorithms to predict the final baccalaureate school year outcomes. We compare regression and classification to find the reasons behind students' failure and to choose an appropriate model for predicting the results. This helps decision-makers make appropriate interventions.
Predicting student performance in higher education using multi-regression modelsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Supporting the goal of higher education to produce graduation who will be a professional leader is a crucial. Most of universities implement intelligent information system (IIS) to support in achieving their vision and mission. One of the features of IIS is student performance prediction. By implementing data mining model in IIS, this feature could precisely predict the student’ grade for their enrolled subjects. Moreover, it can recognize at-risk students and allow top educational management to take educative interventions in order to succeed academically. In this research, multi-regression model was proposed to build model for every student. In our model, learning management system (LMS) activity logs were computed. Based on the testing result on big students datasets, courses, and activities indicates that these models could improve the accuracy of prediction model by over 15%.
Data mining in higher education university student dropout case studyIJDKP
In this paper, we apply different data mining approaches for the purpose of examining and predicting students’ dropouts through their university programs. For the subject of the study we select a total of 1290 records of computer science students Graduated from ALAQSA University between 2005 and 2011. The
collected data included student study history and transcript for courses taught in the first two years of
computer science major in addition to student GPA , high school average , and class label of (yes ,No) to
indicate whether the student graduated from the chosen major or not. In order to classify and predict
dropout students, different classifiers have been trained on our data sets including Decision Tree (DT),
Naive Bayes (NB). These methods were tested using 10-fold cross validation. The accuracy of DT, and NlB
classifiers were 98.14% and 96.86% respectively. The study also includes discovering hidden relationships
between student dropout status and enrolment persistence by mining a frequent cases using FP-growth
algorithm.
Predicting students’ intention to continue business courses on online platfor...Samsul Alam
The objective of this study was to analyze the intention of a University's business department students to continue their studies on e-learning platforms during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, a questionnaire was developed to collect primary data from students in business fields. The study took into account more than 285 respondents from two different universities and relied on the expectation confirmation model (ECM) theory and the structural equation model. The partial least squares (SEM-PLS) method was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that task skills (TS) and task challenges (TC) were significant for the enjoyment (EN) of the students which in turn had a positive effect on the satisfaction levels. Confirmation (CON) had an impact on the post adoption perceived usefulness (PAPU), which was deemed positive for student satisfaction (SAT). The SAT and psychological safety (PS) of online learning platforms were found to positively influence the continuance intention (CI) on e-learning platforms. Finally, both SAT and PS of online learning platforms were observed to positively influence CI on e-learning platforms. Further research in this area could be useful in making decisions about promoting educational programs based on e-learning. The researchers recommend that academicians and policymakers must ensure appropriate arrangements for teaching on e-learning platforms.
THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED LEARNING ASSESSMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL COURSES: A STR...IAEME Publication
Background/Objectives: While the increase in classroom technology, it is necessary to examine how assessment is administered through technology. The purpose of this study is to understand how students and faculty are perceived and examine the effectiveness of the computer-based assessment in professional education courses (Educational Technology) at Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College, Iloilo, Philippines. Methods: The research design utilized in this study is mixed-method research. A computer-based assessment was utilized to assess students' performance in educational technology. This instrument was validated, and pilot tested to establish reliability. Each campus of NIPSC selected ten students of 70 as respondents during Academic Year 2016-2017. Frequency count, mean, standard deviation, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were statistical tools used for data analyses. Findings: The study's finding showed a high score of students in the posttest ensured better performance of the students in educational technology. The increase in the posttest per performance level of the students was due to an accurate measure of what they have learned in educational technology. The majority of students users agreed that online assessment was fasters than the paper and pencil form. Also, users agreed that online assessment is contemporary and more systematic. They also stated that online assessment is consistent with the teaching style, but they are less anxious. Furthermore, according to faculty and students, ninety percent (90%) believed that computer-based assessment accurately measures what they are teaching and what they learned in school, respectively. Novelty: With the current situation that the education system is in new normal, computer-based learning is important in flexible learning. And assessment using technology is a great help to both faculty and students. Thus, state universities and colleges (SUCs) should adopt this innovation to help teaching and learning.
In this paper, the author provides insights and lessons that can be learned from colleagues at American universities about their online education experiences. The literature review and previous studies of online educations gains are explored and summarized in this research. Emerging trends in online education are discussed in detail, and strategies to implement these trends are explained. The author provides several tools and strategies that enable universities to ensure the quality of online education. At the end of this research paper, the researcher provides examples from Arab universities who have successfully implemented online education and expanded their impact on the society. This research provides a strategy and a model that can be used by universities in the Middle East as a roadmap to implement online education in their regions.
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher
educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the
educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and
efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different
frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance,
only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models.
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ...ijcsit
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database
system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students.
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students. --
“E-SurveyCo MIT: A Electronic Survey of Community Perception, Awareness, Acce...CatleenMadayag
An educational institution's guiding principles are its vision, mission, goals, and objectives. The different
accreditation body such as Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines,
Inc. (AACCUP), believe that the degree to which VMGOs are attained is used to evaluate a university. Thus
this study was conducted to measure the stakeholder's perceptions, awareness, acceptance, and
understanding towards the Isabela State University VMGO. Lack of in-person access to participants and
timeliness have pushed researcher to use electronic surveys to connect to the stakeholders of the university
due to COVID-19 pandemic. The stakeholders of the University are the respondents of the study and it was
categorized into two namely the Internal and External stakeholders. Internal stakeholders are composed of
Administrators or faculty members, non-teaching staff, and students while External stakeholders are
Parents/guardians, alumni, and industries, linkages, or cooperating agencies. A descriptive research
methodology was used by the researcher. Data from the respondents were gathered through convenience
sampling. Result showed that majority of the respondents were very highly aware of the University vision,
mission, college goals and objectives and highly aware on the dissemination activities by the university.
They also had very high acceptance and understanding of the university vision, mission, and campus goals.
The stakeholders also satisfy to the clarity and consistency of the VMGO. In terms of the program
objectives, the respondents were very highly aware of their specific programs and they have a very high
acceptance on their specific program objectives. Study also shows that stakeholder’s perception the VMGO
of the university is congruent with activities, practices, projects, and operations. Based on the foregoing, it
is recommended that Isabela State University should continuously work for the awareness and acceptance
of the ISU VMGO. It is recommended that both the College and CGS make more efforts in disseminating
the goals and objective of the MIT program especially to the parents. Activities must be more focused to
make them feel that the activities of the school is geared towards the realization of the VMGO. The
researcher also proofs that using online survey methods can be particularly useful and successful during
the current pandemic thus the researcher encourages others to utilized also e-survey to measure the
Perception, Awareness, Acceptance and Understanding of the vision, mission, goals of the college and
objective of the program.
Predictive and Statistical Analyses for Academic Advisory Supportijcsit
The ability to recognize students’ weakness and solving any problem may confront them in timely fashion is
always a target of all educational institutions. This study was designed to explore how can predictive and
statistical analysis support the academic advisor’s work mainly in analysis students’ progress. The sample
consisted of a total of 249 undergraduate students; 46% of them were Female and 54% Male. A one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were conducted to analysis if there was different behaviour in
registering courses. Predictive data mining is used for support advisor in decision making. Several
classification techniques with 10-fold Cross-validation were applied. Among of them, C4.5 constitutes the
best agreement among the finding results.
Intelligent solution for automatic online exam monitoring IJECEIAES
E-learning has shown significant growth in recent years due to its unavoidable benefits in unexpected situations such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Indeed, online exam is a very important component of an online learning program. It allows higher education institutions to assess student learning outcomes. However, cheating in exams is a widespread phenomenon worldwide, which creates several challenges in terms of integrity, reliability and security of online examinations. In this study, we propose a continuous authentication system for online exam. Our intelligent inference system based on machine learning algorithms and rules, detects continuously any inappropriate behavior in order to limit and prevent fraud. The proposed model includes several modules to enhance security, namely the registration module, the continuous students’ identity verification and control module, the live video stream and the end-to-end sessions recording.
Factors affecting students’ continuance intention to use teaching performance...IJECEIAES
This study aims to determine university students’ continuance intention in using an android-based teaching performance assessment (TPA) application. For the data gathering instrument, we employed an online structured questionnaire. Two hundred and forty students from four faculties were selected and assigned a five-scale survey. All completed questionnaires were analyzed using analysis of moment structure (AMOS). The findings show that the factors of productivity, performance, relevancy, quality and mobility of the android-based TPA have significantly influenced students’ continuance intention to use the application. The results highlighted that when an android-based system was developed based on the criteria, the long-term use of the android-based TPA application can be consistently maintained to improve universities’ teaching quality assessment. However, our study needs to improve in that the university students may evaluate teaching staffs who are not teaching a subject in their class because all teaching staff has appeared in the application database. In addition, further research needs to limit each lecture based on a specific course to be assessed by a particular student’s class.
HMM Classifier for Human Activity RecognitionCSEIJJournal
The rapid improvement in technology causes more attention towards to Recognizing of human activities
from video. These new technological growth has made vision-based research much more interesting and
efficient than ever before. This paper present novel HMM (Hidden Markov Model) based approach for
Human activity recognition from video. There are different approaches of HMM to recognize action of
human from video. Like threshold and voting to automatically and effectively segment and recognize
complex activities, segment and recognize complex activities and for simple activities we use Elman
Network (EN) and two hybrids of Neural Network (NN) and HMM, i.e. HMM-NN and NN-HMM.
IOT SOLUTIONS FOR SMART PARKING- SIGFOX TECHNOLOGYCSEIJJournal
Sigfox technology has emerged as a competitive product in the communication service provider market for
approximately a decade. Widely implemented for smart parking solutions across various European
countries, it has now gained traction in Germany as well. The technology's successful track record and
reputation in the market demonstrate its effectiveness and reliability in addressing the communication
needs of IoT applications, particularly in the context of vehicle parking systems. This is noted in terms of a
city like Berlin-Germany, for on which the study is conducted. The major challenge being on how to relate
the parking techniques in a more user friendly, cost effective and less energy consumpmti0n mode where
the questions had at the beginning of the paper, relatively at the end the answers are sought to it via Sigfox
and its comparison with other related technologies like LoRA WAN and weightless. But more so future
areas of research study is also pointed out on areas which are not clearly identified in this particular
research area.
This paper entails the pros, cons adaptive, emerging and existing technology study in terms of cloud, big
data, Data analytics are all discussed in tandem to Sigfox.
More Related Content
Similar to AGENT-BASED SIMULATION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ADMISSION: MEDICAL COLLEGES IN JORDAN UNIVERSITIES
Predicting student performance in higher education using multi-regression modelsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Supporting the goal of higher education to produce graduation who will be a professional leader is a crucial. Most of universities implement intelligent information system (IIS) to support in achieving their vision and mission. One of the features of IIS is student performance prediction. By implementing data mining model in IIS, this feature could precisely predict the student’ grade for their enrolled subjects. Moreover, it can recognize at-risk students and allow top educational management to take educative interventions in order to succeed academically. In this research, multi-regression model was proposed to build model for every student. In our model, learning management system (LMS) activity logs were computed. Based on the testing result on big students datasets, courses, and activities indicates that these models could improve the accuracy of prediction model by over 15%.
Data mining in higher education university student dropout case studyIJDKP
In this paper, we apply different data mining approaches for the purpose of examining and predicting students’ dropouts through their university programs. For the subject of the study we select a total of 1290 records of computer science students Graduated from ALAQSA University between 2005 and 2011. The
collected data included student study history and transcript for courses taught in the first two years of
computer science major in addition to student GPA , high school average , and class label of (yes ,No) to
indicate whether the student graduated from the chosen major or not. In order to classify and predict
dropout students, different classifiers have been trained on our data sets including Decision Tree (DT),
Naive Bayes (NB). These methods were tested using 10-fold cross validation. The accuracy of DT, and NlB
classifiers were 98.14% and 96.86% respectively. The study also includes discovering hidden relationships
between student dropout status and enrolment persistence by mining a frequent cases using FP-growth
algorithm.
Predicting students’ intention to continue business courses on online platfor...Samsul Alam
The objective of this study was to analyze the intention of a University's business department students to continue their studies on e-learning platforms during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, a questionnaire was developed to collect primary data from students in business fields. The study took into account more than 285 respondents from two different universities and relied on the expectation confirmation model (ECM) theory and the structural equation model. The partial least squares (SEM-PLS) method was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that task skills (TS) and task challenges (TC) were significant for the enjoyment (EN) of the students which in turn had a positive effect on the satisfaction levels. Confirmation (CON) had an impact on the post adoption perceived usefulness (PAPU), which was deemed positive for student satisfaction (SAT). The SAT and psychological safety (PS) of online learning platforms were found to positively influence the continuance intention (CI) on e-learning platforms. Finally, both SAT and PS of online learning platforms were observed to positively influence CI on e-learning platforms. Further research in this area could be useful in making decisions about promoting educational programs based on e-learning. The researchers recommend that academicians and policymakers must ensure appropriate arrangements for teaching on e-learning platforms.
THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED LEARNING ASSESSMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL COURSES: A STR...IAEME Publication
Background/Objectives: While the increase in classroom technology, it is necessary to examine how assessment is administered through technology. The purpose of this study is to understand how students and faculty are perceived and examine the effectiveness of the computer-based assessment in professional education courses (Educational Technology) at Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College, Iloilo, Philippines. Methods: The research design utilized in this study is mixed-method research. A computer-based assessment was utilized to assess students' performance in educational technology. This instrument was validated, and pilot tested to establish reliability. Each campus of NIPSC selected ten students of 70 as respondents during Academic Year 2016-2017. Frequency count, mean, standard deviation, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were statistical tools used for data analyses. Findings: The study's finding showed a high score of students in the posttest ensured better performance of the students in educational technology. The increase in the posttest per performance level of the students was due to an accurate measure of what they have learned in educational technology. The majority of students users agreed that online assessment was fasters than the paper and pencil form. Also, users agreed that online assessment is contemporary and more systematic. They also stated that online assessment is consistent with the teaching style, but they are less anxious. Furthermore, according to faculty and students, ninety percent (90%) believed that computer-based assessment accurately measures what they are teaching and what they learned in school, respectively. Novelty: With the current situation that the education system is in new normal, computer-based learning is important in flexible learning. And assessment using technology is a great help to both faculty and students. Thus, state universities and colleges (SUCs) should adopt this innovation to help teaching and learning.
In this paper, the author provides insights and lessons that can be learned from colleagues at American universities about their online education experiences. The literature review and previous studies of online educations gains are explored and summarized in this research. Emerging trends in online education are discussed in detail, and strategies to implement these trends are explained. The author provides several tools and strategies that enable universities to ensure the quality of online education. At the end of this research paper, the researcher provides examples from Arab universities who have successfully implemented online education and expanded their impact on the society. This research provides a strategy and a model that can be used by universities in the Middle East as a roadmap to implement online education in their regions.
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher
educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the
educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and
efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different
frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance,
only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models.
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ...ijcsit
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database
system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students.
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students. --
“E-SurveyCo MIT: A Electronic Survey of Community Perception, Awareness, Acce...CatleenMadayag
An educational institution's guiding principles are its vision, mission, goals, and objectives. The different
accreditation body such as Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines,
Inc. (AACCUP), believe that the degree to which VMGOs are attained is used to evaluate a university. Thus
this study was conducted to measure the stakeholder's perceptions, awareness, acceptance, and
understanding towards the Isabela State University VMGO. Lack of in-person access to participants and
timeliness have pushed researcher to use electronic surveys to connect to the stakeholders of the university
due to COVID-19 pandemic. The stakeholders of the University are the respondents of the study and it was
categorized into two namely the Internal and External stakeholders. Internal stakeholders are composed of
Administrators or faculty members, non-teaching staff, and students while External stakeholders are
Parents/guardians, alumni, and industries, linkages, or cooperating agencies. A descriptive research
methodology was used by the researcher. Data from the respondents were gathered through convenience
sampling. Result showed that majority of the respondents were very highly aware of the University vision,
mission, college goals and objectives and highly aware on the dissemination activities by the university.
They also had very high acceptance and understanding of the university vision, mission, and campus goals.
The stakeholders also satisfy to the clarity and consistency of the VMGO. In terms of the program
objectives, the respondents were very highly aware of their specific programs and they have a very high
acceptance on their specific program objectives. Study also shows that stakeholder’s perception the VMGO
of the university is congruent with activities, practices, projects, and operations. Based on the foregoing, it
is recommended that Isabela State University should continuously work for the awareness and acceptance
of the ISU VMGO. It is recommended that both the College and CGS make more efforts in disseminating
the goals and objective of the MIT program especially to the parents. Activities must be more focused to
make them feel that the activities of the school is geared towards the realization of the VMGO. The
researcher also proofs that using online survey methods can be particularly useful and successful during
the current pandemic thus the researcher encourages others to utilized also e-survey to measure the
Perception, Awareness, Acceptance and Understanding of the vision, mission, goals of the college and
objective of the program.
Predictive and Statistical Analyses for Academic Advisory Supportijcsit
The ability to recognize students’ weakness and solving any problem may confront them in timely fashion is
always a target of all educational institutions. This study was designed to explore how can predictive and
statistical analysis support the academic advisor’s work mainly in analysis students’ progress. The sample
consisted of a total of 249 undergraduate students; 46% of them were Female and 54% Male. A one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were conducted to analysis if there was different behaviour in
registering courses. Predictive data mining is used for support advisor in decision making. Several
classification techniques with 10-fold Cross-validation were applied. Among of them, C4.5 constitutes the
best agreement among the finding results.
Intelligent solution for automatic online exam monitoring IJECEIAES
E-learning has shown significant growth in recent years due to its unavoidable benefits in unexpected situations such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Indeed, online exam is a very important component of an online learning program. It allows higher education institutions to assess student learning outcomes. However, cheating in exams is a widespread phenomenon worldwide, which creates several challenges in terms of integrity, reliability and security of online examinations. In this study, we propose a continuous authentication system for online exam. Our intelligent inference system based on machine learning algorithms and rules, detects continuously any inappropriate behavior in order to limit and prevent fraud. The proposed model includes several modules to enhance security, namely the registration module, the continuous students’ identity verification and control module, the live video stream and the end-to-end sessions recording.
Factors affecting students’ continuance intention to use teaching performance...IJECEIAES
This study aims to determine university students’ continuance intention in using an android-based teaching performance assessment (TPA) application. For the data gathering instrument, we employed an online structured questionnaire. Two hundred and forty students from four faculties were selected and assigned a five-scale survey. All completed questionnaires were analyzed using analysis of moment structure (AMOS). The findings show that the factors of productivity, performance, relevancy, quality and mobility of the android-based TPA have significantly influenced students’ continuance intention to use the application. The results highlighted that when an android-based system was developed based on the criteria, the long-term use of the android-based TPA application can be consistently maintained to improve universities’ teaching quality assessment. However, our study needs to improve in that the university students may evaluate teaching staffs who are not teaching a subject in their class because all teaching staff has appeared in the application database. In addition, further research needs to limit each lecture based on a specific course to be assessed by a particular student’s class.
HMM Classifier for Human Activity RecognitionCSEIJJournal
The rapid improvement in technology causes more attention towards to Recognizing of human activities
from video. These new technological growth has made vision-based research much more interesting and
efficient than ever before. This paper present novel HMM (Hidden Markov Model) based approach for
Human activity recognition from video. There are different approaches of HMM to recognize action of
human from video. Like threshold and voting to automatically and effectively segment and recognize
complex activities, segment and recognize complex activities and for simple activities we use Elman
Network (EN) and two hybrids of Neural Network (NN) and HMM, i.e. HMM-NN and NN-HMM.
IOT SOLUTIONS FOR SMART PARKING- SIGFOX TECHNOLOGYCSEIJJournal
Sigfox technology has emerged as a competitive product in the communication service provider market for
approximately a decade. Widely implemented for smart parking solutions across various European
countries, it has now gained traction in Germany as well. The technology's successful track record and
reputation in the market demonstrate its effectiveness and reliability in addressing the communication
needs of IoT applications, particularly in the context of vehicle parking systems. This is noted in terms of a
city like Berlin-Germany, for on which the study is conducted. The major challenge being on how to relate
the parking techniques in a more user friendly, cost effective and less energy consumpmti0n mode where
the questions had at the beginning of the paper, relatively at the end the answers are sought to it via Sigfox
and its comparison with other related technologies like LoRA WAN and weightless. But more so future
areas of research study is also pointed out on areas which are not clearly identified in this particular
research area.
This paper entails the pros, cons adaptive, emerging and existing technology study in terms of cloud, big
data, Data analytics are all discussed in tandem to Sigfox.
Reliability Improvement with PSP of Web-Based Software ApplicationsCSEIJJournal
In diverse industrial and academic environments, the quality of the software has been evaluated using
different analytic studies. The contribution of the present work is focused on the development of a
methodology in order to improve the evaluation and analysis of the reliability of web-based software
applications. The Personal Software Process (PSP) was introduced in our methodology for improving the
quality of the process and the product. The Evaluation + Improvement (Ei) process is performed in our
methodology to evaluate and improve the quality of the software system. We tested our methodology in a
web-based software system and used statistical modeling theory for the analysis and evaluation of the
reliability. The behavior of the system under ideal conditions was evaluated and compared against the
operation of the system executing under real conditions. The results obtained demonstrated the
effectiveness and applicability of our methodology
DATA MINING FOR STUDENTS’ EMPLOYABILITY PREDICTIONCSEIJJournal
This study has been undertaken to predict the student employability.Assessing student employability
provides a method of integrating student abilities and employer business requirements, which is becoming
an increasingly important concern for academic institutions. Improving student evaluation techniques for
employability can help students to have a better understanding of business organizations and find the right
one for them. The data for the training classification models is gathered through a survey in which students
are asked to fill out a questionnaire in which they may indicate their abilities and academic achievement.
This information may be used to determine their competency in a variety of skill categories, including soft
skills, problem-solving skills and technical abilities and so on.The goal of this research is to use data
mining to predict student employability by considering different factors such as skills that the students have
gained during their diploma level and time duration with respect to the knowledge they have captured
when they expect the placement at the end of graduation. Further during this research most specific skills
with relevant to each job category also was identified. In this research for the prediction of the student
employability different data mining models such as such as KNN, Naive Bayer’s, and Decision Tree were
evaluated and out of that best model also was identified for this institute's student’s employability
prediction.So, in this research classification and association techniques were used and evaluated.
Call for Articles - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal ...CSEIJJournal
Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ) is a bi-monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Computer Science & Computer Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science and computer Engineering.
A Complexity Based Regression Test Selection StrategyCSEIJJournal
Software is unequivocally the foremost and indispensable entity in this technologically driven world.
Therefore quality assurance, and in particular, software testing is a crucial step in the software
development cycle. This paper presents an effective test selection strategy that uses a Spectrum of
Complexity Metrics (SCM). Our aim in this paper is to increase the efficiency of the testing process by
significantly reducing the number of test cases without having a significant drop in test effectiveness. The
strategy makes use of a comprehensive taxonomy of complexity metrics based on the product level (class,
method, statement) and its characteristics.We use a series of experiments based on three applications with
a significant number of mutants to demonstrate the effectiveness of our selection strategy.For further
evaluation, we compareour approach to boundary value analysis. The results show the capability of our
approach to detect mutants as well as the seeded errors.
XML Encryption and Signature for Securing Web ServicesCSEIJJournal
In this research, we have focused on the most challenging issue that Web Services face, i.e. how to secure
their information. Web Services security could be guaranteed by employing security standards, which is the
main focus of this search. Every suggested model related to security design should put in the account the
securities' objectives; integrity, confidentiality, non- repudiation, authentication, and authorization. The
proposed model describes SOAP messages and the way to secure their contents. Due to the reason that
SOAP message is the core of the exchanging information in Web Services, this research has developed a
security model needed to ensure e-business security. The essence of our model depends on XML encryption
and XML signature to encrypt and sign SOAP message. The proposed model looks forward to achieve a
high speed of transaction and a strong level of security without jeopardizing the performance of
transmission information.
Performance Comparison of PCA,DWT-PCA And LWT-PCA for Face Image RetrievalCSEIJJournal
This paper compares the performance of face image retrieval system based on discrete wavelet transforms
and Lifting wavelet transforms with principal component analysis (PCA). These techniques are
implemented and their performances are investigated using frontal facial images from the ORL database.
The Discrete Wavelet Transform is effective in representing image features and is suitable in Face image
retrieval, it still encounters problems especially in implementation; e.g. Floating point operation and
decomposition speed. We use the advantages of lifting scheme, a spatial approach for constructing wavelet
filters, which provides feasible alternative for problems facing its classical counterpart. Lifting scheme has
such intriguing properties as convenient construction, simple structure, integer-to-integer transform, low
computational complexity as well as flexible adaptivity, revealing its potentials in Face image retrieval.
Comparing to PCA and DWT with PCA, Lifting wavelet transform with PCA gives less computation and
DWT-PCA gives high retrieval rate..
Call for Papers - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (C...CSEIJJournal
Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ) is a bi-monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Computer Science & Computer Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science and computer Engineering.
Paper Submission - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (...CSEIJJournal
Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ) is a bi-monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Computer Science & Computer Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science and computer Engineering.
Performance Comparison of PCA,DWT-PCA And LWT-PCA for Face Image RetrievalCSEIJJournal
This paper compares the performance of face image retrieval system based on discrete wavelet transforms
and Lifting wavelet transforms with principal component analysis (PCA). These techniques are
implemented and their performances are investigated using frontal facial images from the ORL database.
The Discrete Wavelet Transform is effective in representing image features and is suitable in Face image
retrieval, it still encounters problems especially in implementation; e.g. Floating point operation and
decomposition speed. We use the advantages of lifting scheme, a spatial approach for constructing wavelet
filters, which provides feasible alternative for problems facing its classical counterpart. Lifting scheme has
such intriguing properties as convenient construction, simple structure, integer-to-integer transform, low
computational complexity as well as flexible adaptivity, revealing its potentials in Face image retrieval.
Comparing to PCA and DWT with PCA, Lifting wavelet transform with PCA gives less computation and
DWT-PCA gives high retrieval rate..
Call for Papers - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (C...CSEIJJournal
Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ) is a bi-monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Computer Science & Computer Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science and computer Engineering.
Data security and privacy are important to prevent the re-
veal, modification and unauthorized usage of sensitive information. The
introduction of using critical power devices for internet of things (IoTs),
e-commerce, e-payment, and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has brought
a new challenge of security due to the low computation capability of sen-
sors. Therefore, the lightweight authenticated key agreement protocols
are important to protect their security and privacy. Several researches
have been published about authenticated key agreement. However, there
is a need of lightweight schemes that can fit with critical capability de-
vices. Addition to that, a malicious key generation center (KGC) can
become a threat to watch other users, i.e impersonate user by causing
the key escrow problem
Call for Papers - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (C...CSEIJJournal
Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ) is a bi-monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Computer Science & Computer Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of computer science and computer Engineering.
Recommendation System for Information Services Adapted, Over Terrestrial Digi...CSEIJJournal
The development of digital television in Colombia has grown in last year’s, specially the digital terrestrial
television (DTT), which is an essential part to the projects of National Minister of ICT, thanks to the big
distribution and use of the television network and Internet in the country. This article explains how joining
different technologies like social networks, information adaptation and DTT, to get an application that
offers information services to users, based on their data, preferences, inclinations, use and interaction with
others users and groups inside the network.
Reconfiguration Strategies for Online Hardware Multitasking in Embedded SystemsCSEIJJournal
An intensive use of reconfigurable hardware is expected in future embedded systems. This means that the
system has to decide which tasks are more suitable for hardware execution. In order to make an efficient
use of the FPGA it is convenient to choose one that allows hardware multitasking, which is implemented by
using partial dynamic reconfiguration. One of the challenges for hardware multitasking in embedded
systems is the online management of the only reconfiguration port of present FPGA devices. This paper
presents different online reconfiguration scheduling strategies which assign the reconfiguration interface
resource using different criteria: workload distribution or task’ deadline. The online scheduling strategies
presented take efficient and fast decisions based on the information available at each moment. Experiments
have been made in order to analyze the performance and convenience of these reconfiguration strategies.
Performance Comparison and Analysis of Mobile Ad Hoc Routing ProtocolsCSEIJJournal
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a wireless network that uses multi-hop peer-to-peer routing instead
of static network infrastructure to provide network connectivity. MANETs have applications in rapidly
deployed and dynamic military and civilian systems. The network topology in a MANET usually changes
with time. Therefore, there are new challenges for routing protocols in MANETs since traditional routing
protocols may not be suitable for MANETs. Researchers are designing new MANET routing protocols
and comparing and improving existing MANET routing protocols before any routing protocols are
standardized using simulations. However, the simulation results from different research groups are not
consistent with each other. This is because of a lack of consistency in MANET routing protocol models
and application environments, including networking and user traffic profiles. Therefore, the simulation
scenarios are not equitable for all protocols and conclusions cannot be generalized. Furthermore, it is
difficult for one to choose a proper routing protocol for a given MANET application. According to the
aforementioned issues, this paper focuses on MANET routing protocols. Specifically, my contribution
includes the characterization of different routing protocols and compare and analyze the performance of
different routing protocols.
Adaptive Stabilization and Synchronization of Hyperchaotic QI SystemCSEIJJournal
The hyperchaotic Qi system (Chen, Yang, Qi and Yuan, 2007) is one of the important models of four-
dimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive stabilization and synchronization
of hyperchaotic Qi system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to
stabilize the hyperchaotic Qi system to its equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control
theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations
are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization
schemes.
An Energy Efficient Data Secrecy Scheme For Wireless Body Sensor NetworksCSEIJJournal
Data secrecy is one of the key concerns for wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs). Usually, a data
secrecy scheme should accomplish two tasks: key establishment and encryption. WBSNs generally face
more serious limitations than general wireless networks in terms of energy supply. To address this, in this
paper, we propose an energy efficient data secrecy scheme for WBSNs. On one hand, the proposed key
establishment protocol integrates node IDs, seed value and nonce seamlessly for security, then
establishes a session key between two nodes based on one-way hash algorithm SHA-1. On the other hand,
a low-complexity threshold selective encryption technology is proposed. Also, we design a security
selection patter exchange method with low-complexity for the threshold selection encryption. Then, we
evaluate the energy consumption of the proposed scheme. Our scheme shows the great advantage over
the other existing schemes in terms of low energy consumption.
To improve the QoS in MANETs through analysis between reactive and proactive ...CSEIJJournal
A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET), is a self-configuring infra structure less network of mobile devices
connected by wireless links. ad hoc is Latin and means "for this purpose". Each device in a MANET is free
to move independently in any direction, and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each
must forward traffic unrelated to its own use, and therefore be a router. The primary challenge in building
a MANET is equipping each device to continuously maintain the information required to properly route
traffic. QOS is defined as a set of service requirements to be met by the network while transporting a
packet stream from source to destination. Intrinsic to the notion of QOS is an agreement or a guarantee by
the network to provide a set of measurable pre-specified service attributes to the user in terms of delay,
jitter, available bandwidth, packet loss, and so on. The analysis is mainly between proactive or table-driven
protocols like OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) viz DSDV (Destination Sequenced Distance Vector) &
CGSR (Cluster Head Gateway Switch Routing) and reactive or source initiated routing protocols viz
AODV (Ad hoc on Demand distance Vector) & DSR (Dynamic Source Routing). The QoS analysis of the
above said protocols is simulated on NS2 and results are shown thereby.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
AGENT-BASED SIMULATION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ADMISSION: MEDICAL COLLEGES IN JORDAN UNIVERSITIES
1. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
DOI:10.5121/cseij.2023.13101 1
AGENT-BASED SIMULATION FOR UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS ADMISSION: MEDICAL COLLEGES IN
JORDAN UNIVERSITIES
Suha Khalil Assayed, Piyush Maheshwari
Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, British University in Dubai, UAE
ABSTRACT
Medical colleges are considered one of the most competitive schools compared to other university
departments. Most countries adopted the particular application process to ensure maximum fairness
between students. For example, in UK students apply through the UCAS system, and most of USA
universities use either Coalition App or Common App, on the other hand, some universities use their own
websites. In fact, a Unified Admission Application process is adopted in Jordan for allocating the students
to the public universities. However, the universities and colleges in Jordan are evaluating the applicants by
using merely the centralized system without considering the socioeconomics factor, as the high school GPA
is the essential player their selection mechanism. In this paper, the authors will use an Agent Based model
(ABM) to simulate different scenarios by using Netlogo software (v. 6.3). The authors used different
parameters such as the family-income and the high school GPA in order to maximize the utilities of the
fairness and equalities of universities admission. The model is simulated into different scenarios. For
instance, students with low family income and high GPA given them the priority in studying medicine
comparing with same high school GPA and higher family-income, as a results, after several rotations of
the simulation the reputation of medical schools are identified based on students’ preferences and seats’
allocated as it shows that high ranking universities are mainly allocated with have high cut-off GPA score.
KEYWORDS
ABM, Netlogo, GPA, UCAT, Medical Colleges, Jordan, Simulation, Agents
1. INTRODUCTION
Universities across the world are working hard to compete with other universities globally to
attract and host students into their campuses, however, quality of education is varying from
institution to another, as it depends on multiple of factors such as the quality of teaching, the
experience, the environment, and others. Thus, schools and colleges should keep up with the
state-of-the-art in technology in order to compete with others effectively (Assayed et al., 2023).
Medical colleges are the most competitive colleges in universities to get into with high grades
demanded [2,3]. The distinguished high school students with high GPA are usually intended to
study medicine [4]. In fact, medical schools have limited seats for students, and top universities
required top students, thus, most medical colleges required high criteria in terms of high school
grade as well as other admission tests such as AP, BMAT, UCAT, etc. In general, countries have
their own policies in admitting students, some universities have a centralized admission, and
others depend on university’ rules. For instance, some universities can allow the disadvantaged
applicants to define themselves and explaining their socioeconomic status by writing a
supplementary essay [5]. On the other contrast, others apply the need-blind admissions policies
which students are evaluated based only on their merit without considering their financial status.
Medical colleges in Jordan are evaluating the applicants by using a centralized system without
2. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
2
considering the socioeconomics factor, as the high school GPA is the essential player in the
selection mechanism, the final scores of high school is evaluated based on final twelfth grade,
and usually high schools have two streams of education: Scientific and Theoretic streams,
accordingly the Ministry of Higher Education (MOE) in Jordan deployed some centralized
criteria for specific majors, for example the applicants to medical and dental schools should
graduate from scientific stream with minimum score is 85% [6], However, according to MOE
the cutoff score in year 2022 for less selective medical schools is reached ( 93.5 % ) comparing to
(98 % ) in the most selective universities. Indeed, the fairness and equality are essential in the
admission process since some disadvantaged students with limited income need to be considered
into this process, thus thousands of students apply yearly through a unified admission system in
order register to universities in Jordan and any incorrect update in this procedure might have a
negative impact to the students as they could jeopardize their admissions into universities.
Therefore, the Agent Based model (ABM) can be used to simulate different scenarios before
deploying any update into the unified admission system and this paper aims to contribute by
having an effective simulation in the unified admission environment which both the students and
medical colleges are interacting together. This model will be simulated by using different policies
in terms of considering the family-income and the high school GPA in order to maximize the
utilities of the universities admission fairness. This paper is organized as follows: Section 1
explore the related works, section 2 describes the methodology in this research, section 3 explains
the results and the conclusion and future works are described in section 4.
2. RELATED WORKS
Several researchers raise their concerns about the fairness in university’s admission and as a
result computation models are developed such as the agent-based model which can simulate
different scenarios of students and universities’ s admission behavior. However, the medical
schools particularly are not mentioned in any of the previous works. However, this review
described a variety of models which used different universities admission’s scenarios from
different perspectives.
Leoni [7] developed an agent-based model for simulating the factors that can affect students’
decision to study undergraduate degree in Italy. The world in this model is selected from
surrounded families such as friends and colleagues in the same community.
The author specified two main agents which are the Junior agents and the Senior agents and are
defined as the following:
1- Junior agents: Agents that are completed the secondary education and they have two
options either studying at universities or dropping out.
2- Senior agents: Agents that are in the labor market and they might be skilled or not, it
depends if they went to college or not.
However, the junior agents select to enroll into the college if they get influenced by their and in
each tick of the simulation the junior agent observes the neighbors of the seniors’ agents. The
author used the NetLogo platform as multi-agent environment for simulating the data to better
translate the real world’s environment.
The model simulated in three different scenarios based on students’ preferences to admit at
colleges, which are summarized as the following: 1- the future income 2- The impact of the
influences of their neighbors and colleagues 3- the students’ determinations to complete the
college.
3. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
3
In fact, students and schools in (K-12) are attracted by the researchers to develop agent-based
model to support students for interacting with schools. They can select the best that can maximize
their utilities, Díaz et al. [8] simulated a model by using the Netlogo, the authors created the
world with students and schools as it simulated the schools in Santiago city- Chile, attributes are
defined as students’ income, the location of schools, and schools’ achievements as shown in Fig1.
Fig 1. The world of the model of the students and schools
The main objective of this model, is to understand the students’ behavioral in terms of schools’
selection, different factors are considered for example the family income, school’s performance,
location and the type of schools. The model is executed by using different scenarios for instance
when the school choice is turned on the result displays that students with high-income are joining
schools with high performance and accordingly their schools’ average will be increased as shown
in fig 2.
4. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
4
Fig 2. Students’ average performance based on students-income
Reardon et al. [9] simulated an ABM for universities’ sorting process which aims to understand
the students’ behaviors that can influence the sorting of selecting the colleges. The authors used
two major agents: students and colleges with interacting together into three stages: 1- Students’
applications 2- Students’ admission 3- The enrollment. Fig 3 explains the four stages of the agent
based simulation.
Fig 3. The three stages of the agent-based simulation.
Though, the model connected the socioeconomic features with other factors such as the college
sorting and college fees. Students in this model can register in high ranking universities, and
these universities can select students based on their performance of SAT/ AP. Subsequently, the
authors execute the simulation 100 times in order to reach to the inspected parameters with the
minimum biases.
Bhatia, et al. [10] developed an ABM by using the NetLogo to allocate seats for prospected
students based on students’ preferences. Students and universities are indicated as agents.
Though, the universities defined the cutoff-grades of admission for each particular course, and
this cutoff depends on the previous admissions for each university based on the high-school
average.
5. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
5
The simulation executed in two scenarios: 1-Partially-centralized admissions 2- Fully-centralized
admissions. The partially process all schools decide their own cutoff scores of high-schools for
each major. Alternatively, the fully-centralized scenario each college will assign the seats for the
applicants only one time after the results are released from high schools as depicted in Figure 4.
Fig 4. The centralized admission process of universities-admission.
However, the results show that the most interested colleges to the students might not have the
highest cutoff-grades, as the cutoffs average are generated based on universities’ experiences.
Furthermore, Hou, et al. [11] examined a simulation in Mongolia of China for matching the
college admission in order to have more fairness admission system, students would be able to
work together for manipulating the admission mechanism, students with high GPA can change
the selected university through the admission system before the end of the deadline, accordingly
the new slot will be opened automatically for a new prospected student with lower grade. The
authors use real time interactive-mechanism by using the ABM in multi stages to study the
students’ manipulation behavior during application real-time processes. The ABM defined two
agents: 1- student as indicated by N= (1,2,3,..n) 2- Universities which denoted by
S=(s1,s2,s3,….sm), however, the quota of admission in each university is defined by Q =
(q1,q2,…qm) ,moreover the preferences of students in selecting the universities is denoted by P =
(p1,p2,..pn), the strategy of this manipulation’s process will depend on the minimum average
between the two manipulations students (score diff ), the student can hold the seat for low score’s
student only if the difference between both scores is larger than the (score-diff). Yet, the
simulation runs in (T ) rounds, and every student has one chance to submit his/her application,
and everyone should define the general information of preferred university, for example the
university’s ranking, cutoff average and the seats’ quota, then the manipulation students with
high average will be able to apply to the universities that accept low averages, on the other hand,
low-score students will apply to the matched-universities before the (seat-transfer-time), the
simulation will show the behaviors of the students with high score that release the seat to the
low-score’s students based on their preferred list and accordingly the high-average students will
apply to the preferred university. Fig 5 shows the performance of the model. Large percentage of
students choose to implement the manipulation process, which can end it up with distributing the
fairness between students.
6. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
6
Fig 5. Large percentage of students who choose to implement the manipulation process.
Furthermore, Reardon et al. [12] simulated a dynamic model to study the behavior of the
socioeconomic-status in particularly the affirmative action policies on students’ enrollment
choices, applying the affirmative action in colleges and universities can have impacts on
increasing the chances of the disadvantaged & under represented students by paying more
attention to them for admitting them into top colleges. The simulation used 40 colleges &
universities and 150 students. The number of seats is specified to 6000. The model applied to
only four racial groups: 1-White 2- Black 3- Hispanic 4- Asian. The simulation model rotated
three stages in each single year, however, the results show that applying affirmative action’s
policies by universities can reduce the diversities of the type of the admitted students comparing
to other colleges that are not applying these polices.
3. METHODS
3.1. Initiating the Model
The author studies the behaviors of students’ admission in medical schools by using agent based
simulations and different scenarios are implemented in order to examine the degree of fairness in
admission. We used a NetLogo 6.3 as open source platform to simulate our model, the simulation
is initiated by defining two type of agents as the following:
- First agent: High School Students
- Second agent: Medical Colleges
7. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
7
The first agent is denoted by number of students (n) and their grades in high school is generated
randomly by the system, the second agent is the number of medical colleges and it’s indicated by
(m), and both are interacting together, as the students interact with the colleges in order to
maximize their utilities and get the preferred seats, different attributes are assigned to the agents,
for example the number of students and the number of the seats in each college are defined by the
users, on the other hand, the high school grades, preference list and family income are generated
randomly from the system as illustrated in table 1.
Table 1. The attributes that are assigned to the student’s agents.
Student’s agent Attributes
Attributes Definition Data generation
High school grade The high score of students in
grade 12 (100 % percentage)
Randomly
Family income The yearly family income of
students
Randomly
Preference List The students ‘preference on
selecting the medical colleges
Randomly
On the other hand, the medical colleges behaviors would be affected by the number of colleges,
students as well as the quota of seats in each college as depicted in table 2. Therefore, in this
simulation we have an option to adjust the number of medical schools in order to study the
behavior of universities admission while the number of students applicants is constant.
Table 2. The Parameters that controlled by users
Parameters that controlled by users
Attributes Definition Data generation
The number of students
candidates
The students who are
competing to enroll at their
preferred medical colleges
Defined by the users, we selected
first scenario with sample 15
students, and second scenario with 45
students.
The number of Medical
colleges
The number of colleges that
are matched with students’
preferences
Defined by the users, we got two
scenarios, first one having 4 colleges
with capacity 3 seats each, and others
having 4 colleges with intake 6 seats
capacity.
The quota of seats The assigned number of seats
for each colleges
Defined by the users. Each scenario
we can change the quota in order to
study the students and universities'
behavior.
Fig 6 shows the set-up environment in 16 x 16 coordinates with 15 students and four medical
colleges. The high school average is mentioned as well for each student.
8. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
8
Fig 6. The set-up environment in 16 x 16 coordinates with 4 colleges and 15 students.
3.2. ABM’ Implementation and Analysis
The Matching function will assign the students based on mainly the high school average as well
as the family-income in order to ensure the fairness among all prospected students.
The model runs by matching each prospected student to the medical colleges based on different
scenarios:
1- Each college has a limited number of seats which defined by users.
2- The users will select the number of colleges as well as the number of prospected
students.
3- Students with high school average will be matched to their college’s preference
immediately.
4- Afterward, the next student will be checked if his preference’s college is the same as the
first one, then the quota of seats for this particular college will be checked, if there is a
space in the college, the student will have matched accordingly to the college, otherwise
will be matched to second college in his preference’s option
5- If there are more than one student have same high school average and both are targeting
the same 1st
preference list; the family-income’s factor will be checked and consequently
the student with lower- family income will have the priority to match him to the preferred
college.
6- Different rotations will be evaluated in this simulation to examine the best scenario for
maximizing the utilities for students and universities -with considering the low-family
income students-.
9. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
9
7- Afterward, the environment will show students in red, those who not allocated to any
colleges even though the preference list is still not empty.
8- If the preferences options all over without allocating to any colleges then students will be
changed to gray color as shown in figure 7.
3.3. Finding and Discussion
Fig 7. The simulation shows the students allocation to the colleges
When we increased the number of students to 45 with 6 seats in each four colleges the results
show that 31 of the students are not allocated as the priority goes to students with high school
GPA and low- family income, as we can see in Figure 8 that 31 students have low GPA and are
not qualified to be admitted in the colleges.
10. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
10
Fig 8. Increasing the number of students and considering the factor of family-income
On the other hand, when we considered the factor of family-income we can see in figure 9 that
the number of unallocated students are decreased. Students- income can vary from students to
another, and changing the level of family income can affect students’ allocations in universities.
Fig 9. The effect of the factors of family-income in the unallocated students
The family-income variable is added as a slider input in order to simulate in the model with keep
other variables/factors (number of students, number of seats, number of colleges) are constant.
Afterward we keep changing the amount of students-income. Figure 10 shows the allocations
after changing the family-income as it shows the quality of students are not allocated the same as
before. The first college selected more students and the cut-off score is 81, which indicates the
11. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
11
most competitive medical schools. The reputation or the ranking of the medical schools are
measured by the number of colleges that have matched to the students as first preference option,
after running the simulation into different rotations it reveals that reputations are measured with
institutions that have the maximum number of high scores in HS as depicted in Figure 11
Fig 10. The allocations after changing the family-income.
Fig 11. The reputations are measured based on the institutions that have the maximum number of high
scores GPA.
12. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
12
4. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
There are many students around the world from different socioeconomic background are thrilled
to get admitted into medical school’s program, However, medical schools are very competitive
comparing to other majors. Hence, the academic factors play a vital role on students’ admission,
for instance the high school GPA, and other admission tests such as SAT, IB, AP, BMAT, UCAT
need a good preparation in order to pass it successfully. The disadvantaged students with need-
based would not be able to afford the cost of attending a preparation classes or having any private
tutors. Therefore, the purpose of this simulation is to consider the family income besides the high
school GPA in allocating the medical schools seats between all students including the
disadvantaged students. Students with low family income and high GPA will give them the
priority in studying medicine comparing with same high school GPA, and higher family-income,
as a results, we can promote the equity and fairness between the prospected students from
different socioeconomic background.
This simulation explains the behaviors of students’ admission in medical schools by using agent
based simulation. The Netlogo 6.3 is adopted as an effective open platform for simulating this
model. The simulation is initiated by using two agents: The high school students and the medical
colleges. Several rotations are tested by keep changing different factors such as number of
students, number of seats, and family-income. Afterward, the simulation reveals the importance
of considering the factors of family- income in allocation students’ seats in universities’
admission. Moreover, the simulation illustrated the reputation of the medical colleges by showing
these colleges are allocated to the students with high school’s GPA since the students as well
selected these colleges in their first preferences list. This study will add a contribution to the
researchers and developers especially for those who are interested in using state-of-the-art
technology in enhancing the education. In future, other scenarios will be implemented in this
simulation with adding a standardized admission tests such as TOEFL, IELTS, or SAT.
REFERENCES
[1] Assayed, S. K., Shaalan, K., & Alkhatib, M. (2023). A Chatbot Intent Classifier for Supporting High
School Students. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems, e1-e1.
[2] Dilnot, C., & Boliver, V. (2018). Admission to medicine and law at Russell Group universities: the
impact of A-level subject choice. Trentham Books (UCL IOE Press).
[3] Levy, J., Kausar, H., Patel, D., Andersen, S., & Simanton, E. (2022). College Competitiveness and
Medical School Exam Performance.
[4] Kunanitthaworn, N., Wongpakaran, T., Wongpakaran, N., Paiboonsithiwong, S., Songtrijuck, N.,
Kuntawong, P., & Wedding, D. (2018). Factors associated with motivation in medical education: a
path analysis. BMC medical education, 18(1), 1-9.
[5] Talamantes, E., Henderson, M. C., Fancher, T. L., & Mullan, F. (2019). Closing the gap—making
medical school admissions more equitable. N Engl J Med, 380(9), 803-805.
[6] Al-Asmar, A. A., Oweis, Y., Ismail, N. H., Sabrah, A. H., & Abd-Raheam, I. M. (2021). The
predictive value of high school grade point average to academic achievement and career satisfaction
of dental graduates. BMC oral health, 21(1), 1-8.
[7] Leoni, S. (2022). An Agent-Based Model for Tertiary Educational Choices in Italy. Research in
Higher Education, 63(5), 797-824.
[8] Díaz, D. A., Jiménez, A. M., & Larroulet, C. (2021). An agent-based model of school choice with
information asymmetries. Journal of Simulation, 15(1-2), 130-147.
[9] Reardon, S., Kasman, M., Klasik, D., & Baker, R. (2016). Agent-Based Simulation Models of the
College Sorting Process. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 19(1), 8.
[10] Bhatia, A., Sharma, C., & Goyal, R. (2015). Development of an agent based model illustrating the
usage of deferred acceptance algorithm in the admission process (No. e825v1). PeerJ PrePrints.
13. Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal (CSEIJ), Vol 13, No 1, February 2023
13
[11] Hou, L., Jia, T., Wang, X., & Yu, T. (2020). Coordinating Manipulation in Real-time Interactive
Mechanism of College Admission: Agent-Based Simulations. Complexity, 2020.
[12] Reardon, S. F., Baker, R. B., Kasman, M., Klasik, D., & Townsend, J. B. (2017). Can socioeconomic
status substitute for race in affirmative action college admissions policies? Evidence from a
simulation model.