1. The document describes different types of starters, including reduction, conventional, and planetary starters. It explains their components and operating mechanisms. 2. Reduction starters use a magnetic switch to engage the pinion gear and a reduction gear to increase torque. Conventional starters use a magnetic switch and drive lever to engage the pinion gear without a reduction mechanism. 3. Planetary starters incorporate a planetary gear set to reduce speed while maintaining torque output like reduction starters, but engage the pinion gear electromagnetically rather than mechanically.

1. 1. Description of starter Description
Ring gear
Starter
(1/2)

2. Outline
2. Type of starter (1) Reduction type
(1) Reduction type Yoke
Armature
Drive gear
Magnetic switch
Pinion gear
(2/2)

3. Outline
(2) Conventional type
(2) Conventional type
Magnetic switch
Drive lever
Pinion gear
Yoke
Armature
(2/2)

4. Outline
(3) Planetary type
(3) Planetary type
Magnetic switch
Drive lever
Armature
Yoke
Planetary gear
Pinion gear
(2/2)

5. (4) Planetary reduction-segment conductor motor (PS) type
(4) Planetary reduction-segment
conductor motor (PS) type
Magnetic switch
Armature
Pinion gear
Permanent
magnet
Planetary
gear
(2/2)

6. Outline
 Characteristics
Speed
Starter
speed Torque Output Voltage
(N m) Voltage Torque (kW) (V)
(rpm)
Output
Current
(1/1)

7. Reduction Starter
 Components
Yoke
sub-assembly
Armature
Brush and
brush holder
Reduction
gear
Magnetic switch
Pinion gear
Overrunning clutch
and helical spline
(1/1)

8. Reduction Starter
1. Magnetic switch
 Construction
1. Magnetic switch Main contact
Plunger
Return spring
Drive spring
Plunger shaft
Hold-in coil
Pull-in coil
(1/2)

9. Reduction Starter
2. Armature and ball bearing
 Construction
2. Armature and ball bearing Ball bearing
Armature coil
Ball bearing
Commutator
Armature core
(1/2)

10. Reduction Starter
3. Yoke sub-assembly
 Construction
3. Yoke sub-assembly
Yoke
Brush
Pole core
Field coil
(1/2)

11. Reduction Starter
4. Brush and brush holder
 Construction
4. Brush and brush holder
Brush holder
Body ground
Brush
Brush spring
(2/2)

12. Reduction Starter
5. Reduction gear
 Construction
5. Reduction gear
Drive gear
Reduction gear
Idle gear
Clutch gear Ball bearing
Ball bearing
(2/2)

13. Reduction Starter
6. Overrunning
clutch
 Construction
6. Overrunning clutch
Clutch roller
Spline shaft
Return spring
Pinion gear
Clutch gear
Pinion shaft
(2/2)

14. Reduction Starter
7. Pinion gear and helical spline
 Construction
7. Pinion gear and helical spline
Spline shaft
Pinion gear
Helical spline
Pinion shaft
Ring gear
(2/2)

15. Reduction Starter
1. Magnetic switch
 Operation
Magnetic switch
(1/7)

16. Reduction Starter
(1) General
 Operation
2 functions
Pinion gear
Motor
engagement/
ON/OFF
disengagement
Pull-in Turns ON Engages
Hold-in Transmits the
3 steps Holds at ON
revolving force
Return Turns OFF Disengages
(1/7)

17. Reduction Starter
SERVICE HINT:
 Operation
Internal wiring diagram
Pull-in coil
Field coil
Main contact
Planger
Contact plate
Ignition
Hold-in coil switch
(1/7)

18. Reduction Starter
 Operation
(2) Operation <1> Pull-in
(2/7)

19. Reduction Starter
 Operation
Battery
Ignition switch
Hold-in coil Pull-in coil
Ground Field coil
Armature coil
Ground
(2/7)

20. Reduction Starter
 Operation
<2> Hold-
in
(3/7)

21. Reduction Starter
 Operation
Battery
Ignition switch Contact plate
Hold-in coil Field coil
Ground Armature coil
Ground
(3/7)

22. Reduction Starter
 Operation
<3> Return
(4/7)

23. Reduction Starter
 Operation
Battery
Contact plate
Pull-in coil Field coil
Hold-in coil Armature coil
Ground Ground
(4/7)

24. Reduction Starter
 Operation
2. Overrunning
clutch
Clutch roller
Clutch
Clutch roller spling
Spline shaft
(inner)
Pinion Return
gear spring Spline
Clutch gear shaft
Pinion shaft Clutch gear (outer) (inner)
(outer)
(5/7)

25. Reduction Starter
(1) Operation <1> While the engine cranks
 Operation
<1> While the engine cranks
(5/7)

26. Reduction Starter
<2> After the engine starts
 Operation
<2> After the engine starts
(5/7)

27. Reduction Starter
 Operation
3. Engagement/disengagement mechanism (1) General
Armature
Revolving force
Push from
magnetic
switch
Helical spline
(6/7)

28. Reduction Starter
(2) Engagement mechanism
 Operation
Click on the illustration.
(6/7)

29. Reduction Starter
 Operation
HINT:
Pinion
Ring gear gear
Chamfer
(6/7)

30. Reduction Starter
 Operation
(3) Disengagement mechanism
Helical spline
Revolving force
Thrust
Return spring
(7/7)

31. Reduction Starter
 Operation
Pressure (Low) Pressure to disengage
the pinion gear (Low)
Revolving
speed (Same)
(7/7)

32. Reduction Starter
 Operation
Return spring
(7/7)

33. Conventional Starter
1. Construction differences between the conventional type and the reduction type
 Other Constructions of Starter
Engagement/disengagement Speed reduction Brake
of the pinion gear mechanism mechanism
Reduction type Magnetic switch Yes No
Conventional Magnetic switch
No Yes, No
type and drive lever
(1/4)

34. Conventional Starter
2. Engagement/disengagement of the
pinion gear
3. Speed reduction mechanism
Magnetic switch
Drive lever
Drive
spring
(1/4)

35. Conventional Starter
 Other Constructions of Starter
4. Brake mechanism
Lock plate
Brake
spring
Armature Commutator end frame
(2/4)

36. Conventional Starter
1. Construction differences between the planetary type, the reduction type and the conventional type
 Other Constructions of Starter
Engagement/disengagement Speed Brake
of the pinion gear reduction mechanism
mechanism
Reduction type Magnetic switch Yes No
Conventional No Yes, No
type
Magnetic switch
and drive lever
Planetary type Yes No
(3/4)

37. Conventional Starter
2. Engagement/disengagement of the pinion gear
 Other Constructions of Starter
Drive spring
(built in the magnetic switch)
Drive lever
(3/4)

38. Conventional Starter
3. Speed reduction mechanism (1) Construction (2) Characteristics
 Other Constructions of Starter
<Operation of the planetary gear> Sun gear : Drive
Planetary gear : Reduce
Armature
Planetary carrier Sun gear Planetary carrier : Output
Internal gear Planetary gear
(4/4)

39. Conventional Starter
(3) Operation
 Other Constructions of Starter
Click on the illustration.
(4/4)

40. Conventional Starter
 Other Constructions of Starter
REFERENCE:
(4/4)

41. Conventional Starter
 Other Constructions of Starter
(4/4)

42. Reference
1. Field coil
 PS (Planetary reduction-Segment conductor motor) Starter
Main magnet
Interpolar magnet
Magnetic flux generated
by main magnet
Magnetic flux generated by relationship between
main and interpolar magnets
(1/2)

43. Reference
2. Armature
 PS (Planetary reduction-Segment conductor motor) Starter
Conventional type starter
Armature Brush
Commutator
Brush
Armature Surface
PS starter commutator
Square-shaped Round-shaped
conductor conductor wire
B-B cross section
A-A cross section
conventional type
PS starter
starter (2/2)

44. Inspection
1. Check battery terminal voltage
 Inspection of the Battery Voltage
Check battery terminal voltage
START
(1/2)

45. Inspection
2. Check terminal 30 voltage 3. Check terminal 50 voltage
 Inspection of the Battery Voltage
Check terminal 30 voltage
START
Terminal 30
Check terminal 50 voltage
Terminal 50
(2/2)