Aerodynamic Development on a Formula Student Race Vehicle

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Design and analyse an aerodynamic package for a formula student vehicle. The aim was to increase the ability of the vehicle to drive faster in the corners using aerodynamic forces.

‘’AERODYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT
ON A FORMULA STUDENT RACE
VEHICLE’’
Submitted by:
Panayiotis Pavlou
Mechanical Engineer (MEng)
Supervisor: Dr.-Eng. Antonios Lontos
NICOSIA, 08/06/2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents Page
1. Introduction 1
2. Literature review 2
3. Regulations and Design Restrictions 12
4. Design of Aerodynamic Package 13
5. Computational Fluid Dynamics 19
6. Conclusion 33
7. Future Development 34
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design

1.INTRODUCTION
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /1

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /2

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /3

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /4

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /5

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /6

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /7

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /8

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /9

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /10

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /11

3.REGULATIONS AND DESIGN
RESTRICTIONS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /12

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /13

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /14

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /15
Wing Member Airfoil Angle of Attack
1. Main Element NACA-1610 3º
2. First flap NACA-9511 22º
3. Second flap NACA-9511 22º

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /16

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /17
Wing Member Airfoil Angle of Attack
1. Main Element NACA-9515 10º
2. First flap NACA-9411 34º

4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC
PACKAGE
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /18

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /19

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /20
Angle of Attack (deg) Frontal Area (m2)
18 0.089609
22 0.098865
25 0.105812
Angle of Attack 22º
SPEED (m/s) 11,47 16,80 22,22
DRAG (N) 8,96 13,73 33,03
DOWNFORCE (N) 17,52 27,98 62,76
Cd 1,12 0,80 1,10
Cl 2,20 1,64 2,10
L/D 1,96 2,04 1,90

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /21

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /22

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /23

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /24

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /25
Angle of Attack (deg) Frontal Area (m2)
25 0,089277
30 0,094053
34 0,097821
Angle of Attack 34º
SPEED (m/s) 11,47 16,80 22,22
DRAG (N) 6,89 16,00 29,25
DOWNFORCE (N) 16,62 38,25 69,19
Cd 0,87 0,95 0,99
Cl 2,11 2,26 2,34
L/D 2,41 2,39 2,37

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /26

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /27

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /28

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /29

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /30

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /31
13º 19º 25º
Speed (m/s) 22.22 22.22 22.22
Downforce (N) 81.61 127.57 113.58

5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /32

6. CONCLUSION
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /33

7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /34

7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /35

7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /36

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Aerodynamic Development on a Formula Student Race Vehicle

1. ‘’AERODYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT ON A FORMULA STUDENT RACE VEHICLE’’ Submitted by: Panayiotis Pavlou Mechanical Engineer (MEng) Supervisor: Dr.-Eng. Antonios Lontos NICOSIA, 08/06/2018

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Page 1. Introduction 1 2. Literature review 2 3. Regulations and Design Restrictions 12 4. Design of Aerodynamic Package 13 5. Computational Fluid Dynamics 19 6. Conclusion 33 7. Future Development 34 Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design

3. 1.INTRODUCTION Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /1

4. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /2

5. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /3

6. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /4

7. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /5

8. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /6

9. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /7

10. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /8

11. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /9

12. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /10

13. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /11

14. 3.REGULATIONS AND DESIGN RESTRICTIONS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /12

15. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /13

16. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /14

17. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /15 Wing Member Airfoil Angle of Attack 1. Main Element NACA-1610 3º 2. First flap NACA-9511 22º 3. Second flap NACA-9511 22º

18. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /16

19. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /17 Wing Member Airfoil Angle of Attack 1. Main Element NACA-9515 10º 2. First flap NACA-9411 34º

20. 4.DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC PACKAGE Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /18

21. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /19

22. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /20 Angle of Attack (deg) Frontal Area (m2) 18 0.089609 22 0.098865 25 0.105812 Angle of Attack 22º SPEED (m/s) 11,47 16,80 22,22 DRAG (N) 8,96 13,73 33,03 DOWNFORCE (N) 17,52 27,98 62,76 Cd 1,12 0,80 1,10 Cl 2,20 1,64 2,10 L/D 1,96 2,04 1,90

23. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /21

24. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /22

25. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /23

26. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /24

27. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /25 Angle of Attack (deg) Frontal Area (m2) 25 0,089277 30 0,094053 34 0,097821 Angle of Attack 34º SPEED (m/s) 11,47 16,80 22,22 DRAG (N) 6,89 16,00 29,25 DOWNFORCE (N) 16,62 38,25 69,19 Cd 0,87 0,95 0,99 Cl 2,11 2,26 2,34 L/D 2,41 2,39 2,37

28. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /26

29. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /27

30. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /28

31. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /29

32. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /30

33. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /31 13º 19º 25º Speed (m/s) 22.22 22.22 22.22 Downforce (N) 81.61 127.57 113.58

34. 5. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /32

35. 6. CONCLUSION Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /33

36. 7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /34

37. 7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /35

38. 7. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT Panayiotis Pavlou MSc in Manufacturing and Welding Engineering Design /36

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