Advantages And Disadvantages Of Blindness

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Blindness
I.Affecting an estimated 10 million people in the US alone, blindness is a disorder of the eyes and the visual centers of the brain, resulting in cloudy
to no vision. Even though it is believed that the blind see nothing but darkness, only about three percent of the blind report seeing nothing. Being able
to see movement and light is what 97% if the blind report seeing. Even though they are able to see light and movement, they are not able to see color.
This is what they are able to see with their eyes, however some are also able to with their "mind's eye". Utilizing other senses and technology such as
cortical implants, the blind population is able to create images in their "mind's eye".
II.The main causes of blindness and visual impairments....show more content...
There are advantages and disadvantages to both, such as at a boarding school they are away from friends and family and might feel different from
"normal" children.
2.Having specialized teachers, textbooks and being able to interact with other blind students are advantages of a boarding school
3.Blind students also attend mainstream schools, there are advantages which include getting used to interacting with the sighted, figuring ways to
navigate in a "normal" environment and being with family.
4.However, there are disadvantages which include less help from the school and teachers who are not used to teaching the blind.
F.Braille is used by the blind to read.
1.A way that the blind can read is braille, it is based off sonography.
2.The first raised letter alphabet was created by Valentin Hauy in 1784, later Louis Braille created a new system in 1824 that required less space and
is what is used today.
G.Even though blindness is permanent for some, it can be cured depending on the cause.
1.After a person regains sight, they will be able to quickly learn to recognize objects through the help of a professional.
2.An example of regaining vision is removing a cataract.
IV.Using other senses, the blind population can create mental

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Color Blindness Essay
Color Blindness
Many people refer to problems with one's ability to see color as color blindness, however, unless a person can't see any color at all, color vision
problems should be called by another term. Common terms are abnormal color vision, color deficiency and color vision confusion. Females maybe be
effected by color blindness, but usually they are just carriers. Males are more often affected. About 8% of males and 0.5% of females are effected by
color blindness. Although color blindness may be a result of another eye disorder, the majority of color blind cases are hereditary and present at birth.
The retina, is a complex nerve system which converts light energy into electrical energy that is then transmitted...show more content...
This is the rarest form of color blindness. This is when no colors can be seen at all. The color receptors are almost completely gone in this form,
however, the white and black receptors remain intact. However, this condition is often misdiagnosed without proper testing. There are three basic
types of color blindness: deuteranopia, protanopia and tritanopia. Deuteranopia is a condition in which people have trouble dealing with green.
These people are one of the largest groups of color blind people. Very often, these people also have a problem with red. These people can often
distinguish red or green when with other colors, but when it is by itself, it is very difficult. Many people will just see it as white. Protanopia are those
seem to need an abnormal amount of red or have no sense of red color vision. Often, people will see bold red as black or nonexistent. Some people
may see red–orange as brown and yellow–green as brown. In other words, neither red or green can often be distinguished for sure. Tritanopia are those
who have trouble distinguishing blue and yellow. This disorder is much less common than the red–green colorblindness, and is usually acquired, not
received through heredity. These people may see both blue and yellow as white. They may even see mint green or pink as an equal to light blue. Red
color blindness is the most common. This is when the red color receptors are nonexistent. These

Essay about Blindness in Invisible Man
Many people wonder what it would be like if they were to be invisible; stealthily walking around, eavesdropping on conversations, and living as if
nothing is of their concern. Invisible Man, by Ralph Ellison, is centred on an unnamed fictional character who believes himself to be, indeed,
invisible to the rest of the world. He is not invisible in the physical sense, but socially and intellectually. As the book develops, readers are able to
experience an authentic recollection of what life is as a black man living in a white man's world. This man wants to achieve so much, but is severely
limited by the colour of his skin. This novel, which has become a classic, addresses the themes of blindness in fighting stereotypes and predestined
...show more content...
Bledsoe, the college president, to become employed and presumably come back south to school – neither of which happens. In an attempt to display the
surrounding area of the campus he mistakenly ends up driving Mr. Norton, a well respected man that has donated significant amounts of money
to the college, into an housing area of poor black sharecroppers that had previously been slave quarters. So, Mr. Bledsoe scolds him for the incident
and expresses the unexpected views, to the invisible man, to keep things the way they are so that he, Mr. Bledsoe, will remain in his powerful
position. Generally, people of a certain group would encourage growth of power in society of their group. Instead of doing that however, Mr.
Bledsoe says, "I's big and black and I say 'Yes, suh' as loudly as any burrhead when it's convenient, but I'm still the king down here. . . . The only
ones I even pretend to please are big white folk, and even those I control more than they control me. . . . That's my life, telling white folk how to
think about the things I know about. . . . It's a nasty deal and I don't always like it myself. . . . But I've made my place in it and I'll have every Negro
in the country hanging on tree limbs by morning if it means staying where I am" (Ellison 145–146). Ultimately, this view means tearing down his own
race in

Blindness Essay
"I did it to myself. It wasn't society... it wasn't a pusher, it wasn't being blind or being black or being poor. It was all my doing" (Carin 84). Quoted
from Ray Charles about the success he's had in his life. His disability did not stop him from changing the music industry to how it is today.
The number of people around the world affected by blindness. Worldwide almost eighty percent of allvisual impairment is avoidable (Marcovitz 7).
Luckily, over twelve million suffer from less degrees of vision impairment (Plone 2017). World Health Organization "as many as three
–hundred million
people will suffer from blindness or other severe vision disabilities" (NFB 2017). Blindness affects more than one million Americans who fit severe
vision...show more content...
There is lots of treatment for blindness in general that has saved people. The treatment for blindness is close to the same treatment for cancer one way
that can fix blindness is killing the red blood cells in the eye (79). Other ways would be using angiogenesis inhibitors which are drugs that which grows
new blood cells in the eye to help circulate blood through the eye (79). These are some of many different types of treatment they use Radiation therapy,
electronic implants, Stem cell therapy, cell transplants, and retinal tissue transplants (79). There are many professionals in the study of blindness that
help find cures and help. These are just some of the many doctors ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians (66).
Charles started to lose his sight at the age of four or five, and was completely blind by the age of seven, apparently as a result of glaucoma (52). Has
lived with it his whole life because it was severe blindness (52). This ability can and does affect many people's lives Socially, physically, mentally,
physically, and excetra people with severe blindness need help finding objects to buy or find. Like if they are at the store looking for specific items a
friend or worker may have to help them find the items (48).
How blindness affects many people and their daily activities. Many people who have severe vision impairment may need to set their belt in a

The novel Blindness Essay
The novel Blindness The sinners dealt with in our past novels and the present novel Blindness empathetically been assigned the trait of ignorance.
Thus, providing the root of sin and degration of lives, as relating to the treatment of people in the short story Somni in the novel Cloud Atlas. Focusing
on Blindness, the ungreedy are horribly dealt with by the thugs with a "conscience with teeth to bite" (18). This quality of man is the result of how
humans sometimes favor short–term luxuries over long term consequences. This can be related to the car thief of the blind man near the...show more
content...
Saramago uses the depiction of misfortune to allow the blind to act so inhumanely in this novel. There is the perception that "humanity will manage to
live without eyes, but then it will cease to be humanity", which is what the doctors wife perceives on her repentance of her murderous revenge on the
thief. Saramago also perceives that "revenge is just human" (256).
The doctor's wife at least shows her respect of her own dignity due to her compunction of her "humanitarian motives" (256) and by "weighing up her
consequences" (78) unlike most of the others. But then again, there is no humanity within the blind. This logic is what backs up the group of seven's
constant cease of indignation. The doctor's wife symbolizes hope and dignity considering her engagement of leadership on the seven strangers. One's
experience affects its quality; representing the doctors wife's deliverance of faith to the others. And in the environment they were in, eyes were the best
technique for experience. She "must stay, it's [her] duty"; that motive of hope maintained the other's treatment of they're own dignity (252). The
protagonist's gender is another metaphor for the doctor's wife's quality, especially when recollecting on the "masculine logic" involved in this novel
(168).
"All steps of indignity" endured by the main group in Blindness are usually based on a life or death

Blindness Essay Outline
Intro Paragraph– hook: Background: Ever since we have been humans, blindness has been a problem. It has grown over time and gotten to be massive
problem is a person's everyday life.
Thesis: Blindness is a problem because most cases of blindness can be avoided, it's increasing tremendously, technology isn't made for the blind,
learning has to be altered, and it's expensive.
First Body Paragraph–
Blindness is a problem because most of the time it can't be avoided. Although most people think that most cases of blindness can be avoided, but that's
not true. This is proven in an article posted by Everyday Health that was written by Tammy Worth, and medically reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD.
Tammy states that, "Diabetes is the top cause of...show more content...
Second Body Paragraph–
Blindness is a problem because blindness cases are suppose to increase tremendously. In a research led by Rohit Varma, M.D., director of the
University of Southern California's Roski Eye Institute. "The number of people with visual impairment or blindness in the United States is expected to
double to more than 8 million by 2050." Also found in the research led by Rohit Varma, M.D., they found "the number of people with legal
blindness will increase by 21 percent each decade to 2 million by 2050." The number of blindness cases are suppose to rise extremely. More and
more people are going to be blind, which means more and more of the population is going to be affected by blindness. There are going to be tons of
people affected by blindness, making blindness are big problem. Although most people don't believe that blindness is increasing, they actually believe
that blindness is decreasing. But that's not true because Varma was able to show that blindness is in fact actually increasing through research.
Along with cases increasing, blindness is also a problem because technology is hard for blind people to use.
Third Body Paragraph–
Blindness is a problem because technology is getting harder for blind people to use. In an article posted by Kate Beck, a certified ophthalmic
technician, she stated that "Technology poses a challenge for blind people as well. For example a blind person cannot read the information on a
webpage." When

Blindness: A Narrative Fiction
Bob has been missing, but he is probably just outside getting some air. Sasha thinks otherwise, Tyrese and Rick tell her not to worry, but minutes
later when they are distracted, I catch her sneaking out. I inform them, so they go after her, then I go looking for Daryl. I wanna know his opinion
on this whole D.C. thing. "Carl, have you seen Daryl?" I ask as he lowers Judith into her crib, that is just a woven basket with a blanket and pillow
inside. "He and Carol left right after we finished eating, haven't seen them return yet." I sigh and sit back on the bench. "Why the wanly face?" He
asks, fixing his hair. "I really wanted to talk to him, that's all." "I'm sure he'll be back soon." I nod. Sasha burst through the doors,...show more content...
It may not compare to some of the things we have done, but it is close. Carl grabs my hands and wraps his around mine. "There someone laying in
the grass outside." Glenn shouts from the back of the church with Maggie looking out the window next to him. Sasha rushes for the door.
Everyone chases after her. I jump up, but Carl pulls me back down. He shakes his head. "Don't." I sigh before sitting down again. Nothing dramatic
happens, but then a gunshot goes off and we hear Rick yelling. Tara and Sasha are carrying Bob in, Glenn, Maggie and Abraham come in behind
them, then finally Rick. He keeps his gaze on the woods outside while closing the doors. They lay Bob on the floor in the middle of the church.
Sasha holds his hand by his side, while everyone gathers around while also giving him some space. Gabriel is in complete shock at the sight he
hides in the corner watching from afar. "I was in a graveyard, someone knocked me out, then I woke up outside this place." He slows to catch his
breath. "It looked like a...a school, it was that guy, Gareth and five other ones. They were eating my leg right in front of me, like it was nothing. All
proud like they had it all figured out." Rick strokes his beard. "Did they have Daryl and Carol?" I ask, getting off the bench and kneeling near him.
"Gareth said they drove off." I look at Carl. He already knows what I'm thinking. "I'm sure it's not because of you, maybe they had to get away from
some walkers." He whispers into my ear from behind. I nod as he slowly strokes my hair. Bob sits up to reveal... a bite on his shoulder. "It happened at
the food bank." A pained expression flashes across Sasha's face. I can't help but feel that pain with her. I close my eyes, hoping this will all disappear. I
back away, Carl follows quickly behind. I bend my knees to my face. "You have this look on your face, what's wrong?" Carl leans against my side,
resting his head on my shoulder. "The face Sasha

Throughout the novel Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison works with many different images of blindness and impaired vision and how it relates to
perception. These images prove to be fascinating pieces of symbolism that enhance the themes of impression and vision within the novel. From the
beginning of the novel when the narrator is blindfolded during the battle royal to the end where Brother Jack's false eye pops out, images of sight
and blindness add to the meaning of many scenes and characters. In many of these situations the characters inability to see outwardly often directly
parallels their inability to perceive inwardly what is going on in the world around them. Characters like Homer A. Barbee and Brother Jack believe
they are all knowing...show more content...
It should also be noted that the narrator never gives a name to the Founder or mentions Booker T. Washington. The author uses this to signify their
invisibility in the real world. Related to the veiling Founder is a man who avows to the Founder's extraordinary principles and astonishing
contributions to the black community. Homer A. Barbee speaks about the Founder to students at the college and makes his life sound like a verse out
of the Bible. He speaks of how the Founder "miraculously recovered" (119) as a baby, his incredible journey through the Underground Railroad, and
the seemingly magnificent message he spread to the people: Ah, those days of ceaseless travel, those youthful days, those springtime days; fertile,
blossomy, sun–filled days of promise. Ah, yes, those indescribably glorious days, in which the Founder was building the dream not only here in this
then barren valley, but hither and yonder throughout the land, instilling the dream in the hearts of the people (124). Barbee makes the Founder
sound like Jesus leading a flock of sheep. Barbee's speech was so powerful and moving that he made the narrator "see the vision" (133), and only
after Barbee was done speaking did the narrator realize that he was blind. This actual blindness is symbolic of Barbee praising a man that he sees fit,
yet the Founder is not truly worthy of Barbee's praises. Barbee can only see the Founder through blind eyes, in which

Deaf Blindness
Deaf Blindness
Most people assume that a deaf blind child is someone who is not able to hear or see. "Our country's special educational law defines deaf–blindness as
the combination of the visual and hearing impairment" ("Deaf Blindness"). These two impairments make the person lose his or her communication
skills, developmental and educational needs. The National Consortium on Deaf–Blindness observes that the key feature of deaf–blindness is that the
"combination of losses limits access to auditory and visual information" ("Deaf Blindness"). Through this research I was able to discover the origin of
deaf blindness and explore about this disability.
"Laura Bridgaman was the first person who was an individual with deaf blindness...show more content...
This vaccine should not be used by a pregnant woman. After taking this vaccine the women who received should wait at least two months to elapse
before getting pregnant (Bekker).
All the children with deaf blindness differ from each other. They are all unique in their own way. The amount of visual and auditory loss varies in
all individuals. The sensory input sometimes gets damaged but for some other individuals it won't get damaged. The vision and hearing may be lost
from birth but for some others it takes time and eventually gets lost. "Either or both losses may be gradual or immediate and may not be
accompanied by the loss of other body functions" (Mcllnnes and Treffry). Deaf blind people will face symptoms that are combined. There will be
symptoms based on loss of hearing and loss of vision. There are different types of conditions that may lead to deaf blindness. Congenial Rubella
Syndrome and Usher Syndrome are common conditions that lead an individual to be a deaf blind. loss of a little vision and hearing is very common
among older people. It's just a sign of aging. This can rarely lead to be a deaf blind person (Schneider, O'Toole, and Fletcher).
Based on the statistics 45000 to 50000 people in US are deaf–blind. "According to the 2007 National Deaf–Blind Child Count, over 10,000 are children
under the age of 21"("Deaf Blindness"). The word deaf Blindness is sometimes misunderstood by people. They think it means a person who cannot hear

Essay on Book "Blindness"
The sinners dealt with in our past novels and the present novel Blindness empathetically been assigned the trait of ignorance. Thus, providing the root
of sin and degration of lives, as relating to the treatment of people in the short story Somni in the novel Cloud Atlas. Focusing on Blindness, the
ungreedy are horribly dealt with by the thugs with a "conscience with teeth to bite" (18). This quality of man is the result of how humans sometimes
favor short–term luxuries over long term consequences. This can be related to the car thief of the blind man near the beginning of the novel. So
evidently, Saramago uses greed for fuel of ignorance to corrupt reason in this novel, and diagnoses the "sensual appetite" (171) of humans as a...show
more content...
This can also be the thesis for the occupants on the boat in Life of Pi; such a long and hopeless endurement leads to the destruction of reason and
dignity. Relating more on main group of blindness; there is the thought that "what is right and what is wrong are simply different ways of
understanding relationships with others"; compensating for the group's down spiral of dignity. That kind of understanding seemed to be essential in
preserving the group's sanity.
Sanity is a huge factor when dealing with ones actions, and when considering human value. The surveillance of the doctor's wife and the group effort
to keep strong preserved such sanity. As for the others, the psychological realm they were trapped in seemed to betray such sanity. Reflecting back on
the main group, the length of the period in which they were all confined in was definitely a contribution to the durability of the group.
The cruel confinement placed on the blind from the government manifestly shows the degration of humans, especially when it comes to the impaired
judgment enforced by the ignorant. Survival and selfishness erased all reason and worthiness. In the short story of Somni in Cloud Atlas, we reflect on
the greed of "Papa John's" for the degration of lives. In the Luisa Rey short story, money overwhelms the value of everything else. The military's
motives in Blindness also illustrates unhealthy dignity. One of the

Blindness In David Foster's The Blind Man
Foster introduces the blind man in chapter 22 in his novel. He mentions how physical blindness is important when brought into a story. He says it
starts to make the other characters change and "behave differently". He also says how when a blind person is introduced something important is "at
stake" and the author is trying to emphasize the levels of sight beyond the physical one. He sort of shows how the blindness of a character can also be
quite ironic. Those who are blind are able to see and those who are able to see are blind. This could be applied to many things such as the blind
knowing the certain truth while the sighted are doubtful and don't really know the truth. Foster also describes blindness as a metaphor for failing. The
blind...show more content...
I have recently watched the Television show Daredevil and the main character, Matt Murdock, is actually blind. This show is very relatable to
what Foster talks about. His blindness is revealed right at the beginning of the show and we notice that he became blind as a child. This is
important because now we know that the character wasn't just blinded as an adult but instead he really began his life blind minus a few years. His
blindness actually helps him throughout the story and when introduced the audience just knows that "something important must be at stake"(ccii). .
It heightened his senses and therefore became a superhero because of it. He was able to hear everything around him, even if it is the quietest thing
in the world. The irony shows when he becomes a lawyer. His business partner, Foggy, was with him in a court as lawyers one day and they were
defending someone. In a court of law nobody really knows who is telling the actual truth but Matt is able to hear the heartbeat of the jury and
witness. He notices that whenever the heartbeat is at a faster pace they are lying or not saying something. This shows the irony because Matt is able
to see through people and their lies while Foggy and the rest of the court who aren't blind do not have this ability. Foster is true to his word when
saying that blind characters are very important to the

Coping with Blindness
Coping With Blindness
Blindness: The state of lacking sight or not being able to see.
People in their everyday lives use their eye sight to help them function with everything they do. We never usually stop and think about the
consequences and changes we would have to make if we were to one day lose our vision. Some people question about how we could lose our sight.
There are many different ways this might happen. It could be by accident, with something injuring the eye. It could also be Cataracts, this could effect
vision since the lens in the eye becomes foggy and eventually over time vision could be totally impaired. Glaucoma could be another cause, this is
when fluids in the eye build up and cause too much pressure in the eye; damaging important nerves. There are many other diseases and illnesses that
could cause blindness. Once you go blind there is a very slim chance that you will get your vision back. You will have to deal with the fact that your
life will never be the same and you will need to get the help to cope with your life changing loss. Over the years experts have developed ways to
make coping with blindness easier for people. Giving tips and providing devices to help them complete tasks and activities in their life just a bit easier.
Whether its transportation, communicating or things we do in our everyday lives; specialists will keep finding ways to help the visually impaired and
the blind.
Obviously transportation is a key thing in our lives. Being

Reflection Of Blindness
An individual is not merely defined by the situations that they find themselves in, but rather how they react during these tragic moments. The eminent
novel, Blindness, by Jose Saramago, is an iconic story that illustrates a country enduring a pandemic that causes the inhabitants to acquire a type of
blindness where they only see white. The unfortunate citizens who fall ill to the white blindness find themselve quarantined in an abandoned mental
hospital where havoc inevitably ensues. A significant character that demonstrates the notion that you are defined by your actions is the doctor's wife
as she was originally a very timid and kind character who then endured an atrocious situation and became very malicious. Whereas the girl with the
dark glasses is an individual who was first presented as extremely selfish but later developed into an extremely selfless individual. To continue, the
young boy was a character who valued his family for the entire novel and found it very difficult to live without them, yet due to his circumstances, he
was able to adapt. The responses that the characters within Blindness by Jose Saramago have when presented in the face of adversity is what truly
defines those particular characters. It is often through atrocious situations where individuals face a shift in their values and inevitably discover a new
aspect of themselves– whether it be malice, selflessness or carelessness. The deepest and darkest aspects of oneself often only shine through when an
individual undergoes a horrendous situation. During the commencement of the novel Blindness, the doctor's wife was originally one of the kindest and
caring characters that Saramago mentions. This notion is evident when her husband– the doctor– was being taken away to be quarantined. During this
chapter, the doctor was being seized by military officials as he was struck with the white blindness and needed to be quarantined. Although the
doctor's wife was not blind she told the military officials that she was also ill in order to stay by her husband's side. When the couple arrived at the
mental hospital, the doctor asked his wife why she risked falling ill to the atrocious disease by going to the hospital. She calmly replied, "my love... I'm

Sense Of Blindness
HEIGHTENED SENSES IN THE BLIND
We as human beings utilize the five senses to process information about our surroundings. These senses help keep us safe. For example, we use our
sense of touch to avoid picking up a hot pan, while our senses of smell and taste prevent us from cooking any rotten food in the pan. Our sense of sight
allows us to see an oncoming train, while our sense of sound makes it possible to hear the train's horn.
Unfortunately, some people are born without the sense of sight, and many others may lose the sense at some point in their lives for various reasons. It
is estimated that 1.3 million people in the United States are legally blind, and of the 1.3 million, only 1% are born without the sense of sight (National
Federation of the Blind, 2017).
Although not having the sense of sight can be devastating, studies have been conducted proving a person's remaining senses can be heightened over
those of individuals with normal vision.
The length of time a person experiences without their sense of sight seems to impact the enhancement of their other senses. Therefore, we will see a
trend in the following studies where participants who are born blind or became blind early in life will often be categorized separately, outperforming
"sighted individuals," or people with normal vision.
The first study involved eight men with early–onset blindness and sixteen sighted men in the control group (Cuevas, Plaza, Rombaux, Collignon, De
Volder, & Renier, 2010). The purpose

Blindness Essay
More than one million Americans suffer from blindness, a severe vision impairment (Marcovitz 6). Blindness can be caused from an accident or a
disease (10). One victim of blindness, Stevie Wonder, has overcome it by making music and performing. His positive outlook on life helps him
achieve many things (79). Being blind means a person is sightless or is unable to distinguish dark colors from light colors, but they can still overcome
it (Dahl). Eye diseases, like glaucoma and cataracts, can be causes of blindness. Symptoms of glaucoma may include headaches, pain in the eyes, or
blurry vision (Marcovitz...show more content...
In future technology, surgeries, such as implant surgery and transplantation of retinal tissue may help blind people (Marcovitz 73, 76). In 1831 Perkins
School for the Blind was the first school to help blind people read, communicate, and speak. Later, Louis Braille discovered Braille, a code using dots
and dashes for the alphabet (34). When rubbing fingers across it, the markings indicate certain numbers or letters (33). Guide dogs can also aid
the blind when walking around so they know where to go (45). Groups such as the American Foundation for the Blind and National Federation of
the Blind help provide assistance and new laws for blind people and their families (41). Preventing eye disease and blindness is important. Wearing
protective eyewear, and practicing healthy habits like exercising and eating well (Marcovitz 68) can prevent blindness. Getting regular eye exams
(Worth) can also help detect it earlier as well (Dahl). There are many people worldwide and in America who are blind. About fifty million people
around the world (Dahl) and over one million Americans (Marcovitz 6) are totally blind (Dahl). Therefore, it is essential to take steps to prevent
blindness. Stevie Wonder, one of the many affected by blindness, was born on May 13, 1950 in Saginaw, Michigan where his love for music began.
Wonder was born prematurely and has been blind since infancy because the blood vessels in his eyes were not fully developed (Marcovitz 6) but, he
believes

Blindness Essay
The term blindness implies total or
partial loss of vision involving both eyes. The exact
level of vision defined as blindness, however,
varies in different countries because of differing
legal or social requirements. In the United States,
blindness is defined as unimprovable vision of
20/200 (6/60) or worse. This means that an
individual is generally considered blind who, even
with the use of ordinary eyeglasses, can see no
better at 20 ft (6 m) than a person with normal
vision can see at 200 ft (60 m). On the other hand,
the World Health Organization (WHO) Program
Advisory Group on the Prevention of Blindness

lists the vision level suggested as blindness as a
visual acuity of less than 10/200 (3/60), which is
twice as...show more content...
Thus in developing countries in tropical
areas, the number of blind persons may reach at
least 21 million (using the WHO definition). This
high figure is due to the massive prevalence of
such eye diseases as TRACHOMA,
onchocerciasis (RIVER BLINDNESS), and the
NUTRITION–DEFICIENCY DISEASES
keratomalacia and xerophthalmia. In addition, few
eye doctors are present in such regions to treat
CATARACT or accidental eye injuries. In other
developing countries where eye care is not easily
available and the presence of untreated cataract
and undetected GLAUCOMA is also critical, the
number of blind persons may reach 5.5 million. In
developed countries with advanced medical

services, on the other hand, most curable
blindness is treated. Thus although many persons
may have vision problems, the exact number of
blind individuals may be less than 2 million. The
main causes of blindness in such countries are
age–related cataract, glaucoma, DIABETES, and
macular degeneration (see EYE DISEASES). In
the United States about 1 million cataracts are
removed each year and vision improved with
either an intraocular plastic lens, a contact corneal
lens, or a cataract glass. Several million Americans
are also being treated for glaucoma, which if
caught in its early stages can usually be dealt with
by medication or surgery. PAUL HENKIND,
M.D. Bibliography: Dobree, J. H., and

Essay on Jose Saramago's Blindness
When defining the word blindness, it can be interpreted in various ways. Either it can be explained as sightless, or it can be carefully deciphered as
having a more complex in–depth analysis. In the novel Blindness, Jose Saramago depicts and demonstrates how in an instant your right to see can be
taken in an instant. However, in this novel, blindness is metaphorically related to 'seeing' the truth beyond our own bias opinions.
Saramago's novel clearly illustrates themes that describe the importance of the awareness of others, in terms of feeling oppressed by fear, lack of trust,
dehumanization, and segregation. He describes in full detail the importance of the government's involvement in the lives of the blind victims, which
allows...show more content...
For instance, "Hispanic women are more likely to be dissatisfied if they feel they have been treated badly by providers and staff and if they do not
trust doctors" (Guendelman, Wagner 118). If the patient does not feel a sense of hospitality and see a welcoming smile, it discourages the patient to
visit the physician because they feel they are not getting the right medical attention, and tend to be sicker. In addition, "the sicker individual risk
exposure to more insults, and this leads them to pull back from the health care system" (119). In a physician/ patient relationship there needs to be a
balance between actually caring and giving your patients the attention and satisfaction that they deserve. Some physicians take advantage of their
patient's vulnerability of being sick by pushing them aside, and worrying more about the fastest way to make money. However, the physician then loses
another patient because of greed.
Saramago represents trust in a very similar manor, yet instead he describes a man who is suddenly overcome with a "white blindness" while stopped
at a red light. He explains how an onlooker has offered to drive the blind man home, and takes advantage of the frantic man's situation by stealing his
car, "that good soul, has taken our car [...] He took advantage of your confusion and distressed and

Essay on Color Blindness
Color Blindless
Color blindness is the inability to distinguish particular colors. It is generally an inherited trait, but can result from a chemical imbalance or eye
injury. There are three primary colors. They are red, blue, and yellow. All other colors are the results of different combinations of primarycolors.
Special visual cells, called cones, are respon–sible for our ability to see color. People with normal vision have three different types of cones, each
responsible for a different primary color.
The absence of particular cones causes the absence of particular colors.
This can be one cause of color blindness. There are four types of color...show more content...
These people tend to confuse blue, yellow, and gray, but not red and green.
Normal vision is called trichromatism. Most color blind people have a version of trichro–matism called anomalous trichromatism. People with this
condition can see the same colors as people with normal vision, but not as well.
For example, many people with this common form of color blindness are "green– weak". This means, they see green, but to see the same
color normal people see when green and yellow is mixed, more green must be added. "Green–weak" and
"red–weak" are the most prevalent forms of anomalous trichromatism. The "blue– weak" form is rare.
Color blindness can be tested in a variety of ways. The Hardy–Rand–
Rittler and Ishihara tests indicate both the type of degree of color blindness.
In these tests, a variety of shapes, letters, and numbers lie in a jumbled mess of dots. The dots vary in both color and intensity, which cam–ouflage the
shapes. A person's ability to detect such shapes directly corresponds with their degree of color blindness.
Other tests, such as the Holmgren yarn–matching test, and the
Farnsworth–Munsell 100–hue disk–matching test, measure one's ability to match colors. This can be useful when determines one's degree of
anomalous chromatism.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Blindness

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Blindness